Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
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Abstract
To achieve a sustained growth of 8 per cent during the period 2005–31, India would need to grow its primary energy supply by three to four times. Similarly, China’s energy demand is expected to increase by two to two-and-a-half times during the same period. By 2030, the two countries combined together would account for around 25 per cent of the total energy consumption in the world and would become two of the largest carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emitters. The overall demand for energy in the two countries can be significantly lowered by adopting energy efficiency measures to lower energy intensity. A recent report suggests that the overall energy consumption can be reduced by 25 per cent by taking appropriate energy conservation measures in India. Also, a rapid deployment of new renewable energy technologies, both for electricity generation and for thermal applications, can result in significant reduction in demand for fossil fuels. These measures would not only result in lowering the CO 2 emissions and reducing the dependence of the two countries on energy imports, but would also assist in building of a more sustainable and efficient energy infrastructure in the two countries. Some of the common areas of interest for the two countries in energy efficiency and renewable energy are: