Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS, Polycystic Ovaries) — Causes and Treatment

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome or disease is a multisystem endocrinological disorder that may present with hyperandrogenism, ovarian dysfunction, obesity, menstrual abnormalities, and multiple ovarian cysts. The most common presenting features are hirsutism, acne, metabolic syndrome, and biochemical hyperandrogenism. Patients also have hyperlipidemia and impaired glucose metabolism. Oral contraceptive pills are indicated for menstrual abnormalities and hyperandrogenism, metformin for hyperandrogenism and infertility, and clomiphene for infertility. Infertile women who do not respond to clomiphene might benefit from gonadotropins or surgical treatment including laparoscopic ovarian drilling.