What is a Juvenile Delinquent?
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Abstract
IN general two psychological characteristics seem to differentiate the delinquent child from others in his group-his egocentrism and his lack of emotional balance. Although egocentrism is a healthful reaction when it protects the individual against the encroachment of a society which tends to absorb him and to make him like everyone else, it must be considered harmful whenever it prevents the child adjusting to the group and urges him to find satisfaction and pleasure in deeds directed against. society itself. Adjustment cannot be attained by measures coming from the outside, but by modification of the child's inner feelings. If this is not done, the child is certain to find ways of expression which, intensified by exaggerated egocentrism, will most likely be of a nature unapproved by society. The only way to avoid this harmful manifestation of a strong individuality is not to curb the child by forcing him to mix in the group and to be a participant in its activity, but to give him ways to satisfy his egocentric tendencies in a manner beneficial to him. Recreational activities, wisely chosen for this individual child, should contribute to the enlargement of his personality, thus enabling him gradually to enjoy the group. Means of expression should be given him in play and in work, thus freeing him from his feeling of isolation. Egocentrism, however, is a characteristic of all children. How is it then that in some cases this egocentrism will be easily satisfied in ways approved and offered by the environment in which the child lives and in other cases will seek other channels? It is evident that among many children who possess the same degree of egocentrism, some will develop unharmed and undisturbed, and others will revert to delinquent acts. It is fairly well agreed that delinquent children lack emotional balance'<-that is.