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Water network is always the key support of the towns development. But the rapid development and expansion caused by Industrial Revolution result in continuous damage and corrosion of rivers,waterways ecological environment and make the mankind separate from water.From the historical view,the paper analysed the town and villges water network and harmonious residential life of ancient Lijiang city in Yunnan,ancient villages in Anhui and ancient towns in Suzhou.The relationship between man and water,city and water,man and city,these three sides are developing side by side,the core is relationship between man and nature.Town and cities must be developed based on the protection of water system’s ecological function.In order to make city and water,city and man,water and man get harmonious balance and development,the historical and cultural content should be excavated for building a resonable space order of land and water systems.