Quantum Computing - An Introduction and Cloud Quantum Computing

Abstract

: Quantum computing uses the phenomena of quantum mechanics to perform operations on data and it’s a huge leap in the field of computation. A quantum computer is a computational device which uses quantum mechanical phenomena like superposition and entanglement of atoms, photons, electrons. The difference between Quantum computers and digital computers is that digital computers are based on transistors and require data to be encoded into binary digits (bits). Quantum computers use quantum bits (qubits) and use quantum properties to represent data. Quantum computers can solve certain computational problems like integer factorization faster than classical computers. Quantum computers can solve certain problems that no classical computer could solve in any feasible amount of time. The Quantum Computing Market was valued at USD 89M in the year 2016 and is expected to reach USD 949M by 2025. Industry leaders are trying to develop and launch an actual quantum computer and make it available for everyone. Many companies are working in this area and are providing platforms to build quantum algorithms. There could be around 2,000 to 5,000 quantum computers in the world by 2030. This paper provides an introduction to quantum computing, quantum mechanical phenomena used in quantum computing and quantum computing