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A review of 1979 literature covers the toxic and sublethal effects of marine and estuarine pollution on marine animals; the biological degradation of hydrocarbons in ocean water; the lead concentrations found in several marine organisms; pesticide levels and detection; pathogenic bacteria or other microorganisms whose growth is fostered by pollutants; the concentrations of several metal and other inorganic residues found in a variety of marine organisms; surveys to determine the extent of pollution; a summary of some of the papers presented at the 1979 API Oil Spill Conference; hydrocarbon residues in benthic sediments, diatoms, and algae, and dissolved in the water; bioaccumulation and metabolism of petroleum in fish and in marine inverterbrates; and the effects of using dispersants to clean up oil spills. Tables and 485 references.