Mechanics of Incompressible Fluids
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Abstract
This chapter covers the basics on many of the fluid classifications. Some common fluid classifications are viscous or inviscid, compressible or incompressible, laminar or turbulent, Newtonian or non-Newtonian, and steady or unsteady. The chapter presents the properties of fluids generally encountered in engineering practice. Included are the commonly used properties of density, specific gravity, bulk modulus (compressibility), viscosity, surface tension, and vapor pressure. Based on the radial variation of the strength of the rotation, two major types of vortices are assumed: forced vortex and free vortex. Viscous flows are typically classified as laminar or turbulent, although in any given flow there may be regions of both laminar and turbulent flow Similitude and dimensional analysis are inextricably tied to experimental testing and the analysis of experimental data.The chapter discusses the flow about immersed objects for the case of an ideal (frictionless) fluid. Keywords: dimensional analysis; fluid classifications; fluid measurement; ideal (frictionless) fluid; incompressible fluids; viscous fluid dynamics