Top Research Papers on Creatine

The paper intradused some ways of in structing students how to find the fowets, such as low purity and low yield. And the process was conducire to training students for creative spirit and crealive ability.

The structure for a product of the oxidation of creatinine is revised to be N-(N′-methylamidino)oxamic acid (4). Acyclic product 4 and its cyclic product, 2-amino-1-methyl-4,5-imidazoledione, are coined as creatones B and A, respectively. The first synthesis of 2-methylamino-4,5-imidazoledione is also described.

Cyanamide is reacted with sodium or potassium sarcosinate in water or a mixture of water with an organic solvent at 20-50°C and pH7.0 to afford creatine or creatine monhydrate.

Int,erference with the usual calorimetric procedures for determining crcatinine and creatine in the urine of diabetics and of those undergoing Aarvation has long been attributed to the presence of acetone bodies and glucose, but the conversion of glucose and other sugars to interfering acids during the hydrolysis of creatine introduces an error which makes the creatininecreatinc value qucstionablc.

A parallel version of the MITOCHONDRIAL END of the CREATINE PHOSPHATE SHU TILE and the U SE of CREatine PHO SPHATE to REGENERATE ATP are studied.

Process for preparing creatine or creatine monohydrate by reaction of sodium sarcosinate or potassium with cyanamide at a temperature of 20 to 150 ° C and a pH of 7.0 to 14.0, wherein the adjustment value pH is carried out with carbonic acid.

The results showed that the supplementation with Cr has significant effects on the values of lactate blood post-exercise, Nevertheless significant results did not exist on the power and anaerobic capacity.

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It can be con cluded that the size of the body pool of creatine can be influenced by dietary creatine, administration of precursor amino acids can increase the rate of synthesis of creatine, and creatinine output is a constant fraction of theBody creatine pool and can change independently of lean body mass.

There was no direct relationship between apparent muscle CrT abundance and Cr uptake rates, however, Cr uptake rate scaled inversely with decreases in muscle Cr(total) in the high-oxidative muscle types but not in the WG, implying that factors controlling Cr uptake are different among fiber types.

It is concluded that there is only a modest increase in the need to provide creatine during lactation and that this may be largely provided by hyperphagia when creatine is present in the food.

It is proposed a method for the preparation of creatine, creatine monohydrate or guanidinoacetic acid, which first N-methyl ethanolamine or ethanolamine are catalytically dehydrogenated in each alkaline solution and finally the Sarkosinat- thus obtained or glycinate solutions under acidic conditions with a guanylating agent such as eg. O-alkylisourea or cyanamide can be reacted. In this way, products are obtained in high yields and excellent purity, in contrast with the prior art no traces of hydrogen cyanide, formaldehyde, chlorine acetic acid or ammonia are included. The formation of the tox...

Paper chromatography and thin-layer chromatography of selected sera indicate that endogenous creatine is the major source of interference in the colorimtric procedure and patients with abnormally high values for serum creatinine should have their creatine kinase activity assessed.

To systematically evaluate evidence regarding the effectiveness of interventions directly targeting the creatine kinase system as compared to placebo control in adult patients with essential hypertension, heart failure, or myocardial infarction, Randomized controlled trials were conducted.

The goal of this chapter is to summarize how creatine and its associated enzyme, creatine kinase, act under normal physiological conditions, and how altered levels of either may lead to detrimental functional outcomes.

Considering an acceptable creatine intake of 3 g per day, most of the evaluated creatine forms are unlikely to pose safety concerns, however some safety concerns regarding a supplementary intake of creatine orotate, creatine phosphate, and magnesium creatine chelate are discussed here.

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This chapter discusses the biochemical basis for the Therapeutic Role of Creatine and Creatine Phosphate in the Cardiovascular System, and the role of the Creatine Kinase/CreatinePhosphate System Studied by Molecular Biology.

A new synthesis method of kinesonourishmentcreatine was introduced. Based on optimizing synthesis technology route, the optimum conditions of synthesizing Nalkylation were obtained:the molar ratio of Smethyl isothiourea sulfate to Sodium sarcosine is 1∶0.9; reaction temperature∶ 33°C;reaction time∶ 5hour;reaction pH∶11～12.

Treatment with oral creatine monohydrate demonstrated no observable increase in brain creatine with proton MRS and no improvement in clinical symptoms, and a novel brain creatine deficiency syndrome most likely representing a creatine transporter defect is reported.

The largest change in the CK system associated with suppression of hypoxic seizures in Cr-treated rabbits is increased PCr in gray and white matter.

El futbol es un deporte colectivo, uno de los deportes más populares a lo largo del mundo. Por lo cual, se requiere el aporte de estrategias nutricionales para el óptimo rendimiento del deportista. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática es analizar y describir a través de la literatura científica los efectos del consumo de creatina en futbolistas. A través de las bases de datos Scopus, WoS, Pubmed y SciELO, se identificaron un total de 6 artículos científicos, que fueron encontrados mediante el uso de las palabras claves “Soccer” OR “Football”, AND “Creatine” AND" physical condition" OR "per...

"Experimental class for creatiue ability" in school of mechanic engineering carries forward the practice of cultivating creative talents in a series of courses,and in extracurricular scientific activities,centering around the education of humanity quality,attaching importance to classroom teaching and relying on creative practical base.

The suspicion of cerebral creatine depletion must be considered in all children presenting unexplained global psychomotor development delay and pre-symptomatic therapy has shown promising results, especially in GAMT deficiency patients.

The size of the body pool of creatine can be influenced by dietary creatine, administration of precursor amino acids can increase the rate of synthesis of creatine, and creatinine out of a constant fraction of theBody creatine pool and can change indepen ently of lean body mass are concluded.

The invention UV- or - ozone - induced skin lesions and inflammatory or degenerative skin conditions for the treatment and prevention of symptoms related to the use of creatine and / or creatine derivatives in cosmetic or dermatological preparations.

Findings indicate that in rats the reduction in L-AGAT activity and GAA concentration associated with supplementation with 3.0 g Cre/kg body weight per d for 1 week could be reversed, suggesting that short-term and high-dose Cre supplementation does not result in depression of endogenous Cre metabolism.

Over 400 laboratories participated in an interlaboratory study of creatine kinase (EC 2.7.3.2) in which they were requested to analyze five lyophilized samples for total Creatine kinase and creatine kinases isoenzymes and to complete a questionnaire regarding methodology.

The recent presentation by Peters of a procedure adapted to the Evelyn-Molloy photoelectric colorimeter has made it possible to measure creatine in serum with reasonable accuracy and therefore to examine the relation of creatinuria to the concentration of creatine in blood serum.

This work introduces creatine phosphate--creatine kinase system as a novel and practical energy source in carbohydrate synthesis and this system was successfully demonstrated in the production of bioactive oligosaccharides with different sugar nucleotide regeneration systems.

The technique, which makes possible the estimation of creatinine in 5 ml.

The present invention provides a method of creatine ingestion of the composition by mixing the creatine aqueous solution at room temperature with warm or cold beverages, such oral ingestion.

This new method for synthesis of creatine has many advantages, such as moderate reaction, easy and safe operating conditions, and the yield of creatine is 59.87%.

Manual and AutoAnalyzer methods for the determination of creatine in seawater are described and data are presented for creatine and nutrient excretion of Peruvian anchoveta, Engraulis ringens, and creatine found in a representative hydrostation near an anchoveTA school in the Peru Current.

The ontogeny and phylogeny of creatin and its role in pathological conditions, as well as the conclusions of the GenqFal conclusions, are summarized.

The first review of the literature on creatine and creatinine after the advent of the Folin colorimetric method was presented by Professor Mendel before a joint meeting of the Section on Physiology and Experimental Medicine of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the biochemical, physiological and bac-teriological societies in Baltimore in 1908, and he presented a critique of investigations already reported, and made pertinent suggestions as to fruitful lines of future research.

Recent findings on the effects of creatine supplementation on brain function closely related to mental health, which directly influences the quality of life of elderly people are introduced.

Creatine kinase is present in significant concentrations in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle and to a lesser extent in gastrointestinal tract and brain tissue and an examination of its kinetic and physical properties reveal that the enzyme consists of two subunits and can exist as three isoenzymes containing essential cysteine residues.

Creatine monohydrate is a dietary supplement that increases muscle performance in short-duration, high-intensity resistance exercises, which rely on the phosphocreatine shuttle for adenosine triphosphate. The effective dosing for creatine supplementation includes loading with 0.3 g I kg j 1 I d j 1 for 5 to 7 days, followed by maintenance dosing at 0.03 g I kg j 1 I d j 1 most commonly for 4 to 6 wk. However loading doses are not necessary to increase the intramuscular stores of creatine. Creatine monohydrate is the most studied; other forms such as creatine ethyl ester have not shown added be...

Creatine monohydrate is a dietary supplement that increases muscle performance in short-duration, high-intensity resistance exercises, which rely on the phosphocreatine shuttle for adenosine triphosphate. The effective dosing for creatine supplementation includes loading with 0.3 g·kg−1·d−1 for 5 to 7 days, followed by maintenance dosing at 0.03 g·kg−1·d−1 most commonly for 4 to 6 wk. However loading doses are not necessary to increase the intramuscular stores of creatine. Creatine monohydrate is the most studied; other forms such as creatine ethyl ester have not shown added benefits. Creatine...

A simple colorimetric method based on the reaction of creatine, formed enzymatically from creatine phosphate and ADP, with different glyoxal compounds that was used to determine CK in the sera of normal human beings and patients with myocardial infarction.

Creatine kinase, creatine kinase‑MM, and the isoforms of creatine kin enzyme‑MM following a competitive swimming workout, are studied.

Creatine phosphokinase, the enzyme which is currently the most sensitive tool for detecting myocardial infarction, has been shown to also be useful for the detection of serious or irreversible damage to animals exposed to stressful levels of environmental carbon dioxide.

It is shown that Slc6a8-/y mice have widely varying organ-specific uptake of Cr-d3, significantly diminished growth with the exception of brain, progressive vacuolar myopathy, and markedly shortened lifespan.

Semen contains high amounts of Cr and increased CK activity, suggesting that Cr is of importance for sperm metabolism and that Cr supplementation could be useful in males with poor quality sperm.

Diagnosis of macro‐CK type 1 obviates the need to carry out pointless and expensive investigations seeking a neuromuscular or cardiac pathology, and also, the unwarranted discontinuation of statin therapy.

The early rise of CK in spontaneously laboring patients versus those requiring oxytocin augmentation may represent a difference in uterine activity, and nonpregnant normative data for CK is not appropriate when assessing cardiovascular side effects of betamimetic therapy.

Exercise at 30±1°C resulted in decreased creatine kinase activity levels in both acclimated groups and a similar trend was observed regarding Creatine kinase BB isoenzyme activity levels, especially in kidney.

The concentration of creatine kinase in the blood is determined by counting the number of Creatine kinase particles in the urine of patients with high Creatine Kinase Status.

The measurement may be expressed as a ratio or percentage of the ratio of creatinine kinase compared to total creatine kinase present in a sample.