Top Research Papers on Human Psychology

There are always two approaches of psychology: nature science and human science; the first is mainstream, the latter is nonmainstream.

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Psychology can be considered a humanity as well as a science. This paper examines distinctions between the humanities and the sciences and suggests five characteristics of a humanity. After reviewing previous pleas to broaden the perspective of psychology, three examples are provided of psychology as a humanity. Finally, the impact that this view might have on teaching and research is discussed.

This article presents an agentic theory of hu- man development, adaptation, and change. The evolu- tionary emergence of advanced symbolizing capacity enabled humans to transcend the dictates of their imme- diate environment and made them unique in their power to shape their life circumstances and the courses their lives take. In this conception, people are contributors to their life circumstances, not just products of them. Social cog- nitive theory rejects a duality between human agency and social structure. People create social systems, and these systems, in turn, organize and influence peop...

Joseph Henrich University of British Columbia Department of Psychology Department of Economics joseph.henrich@gmail.com http://www.psych.ubc.ca/~henrich/home.html Steven J. Heine University of British Columbia Department of Psychology heine@psych.ubc.ca http://www.psych.ubc.ca/~heine/ Ara Norenzayan University of British Columbia Department of Psychology ara@psych.ubc.ca http://www.psych.ubc.ca/~ara/

Humanistic psychology as a social movement was indigestible for many humanistically oriented academic psychologists. Their students wanted easy therapeutic gimmicks, and they saw humanistic psychology as justifying a comfortably optimistic view of people in the world. Leaders of humanistic psychology advanced other worldly concerns over worldly ones. "Secular humanism" in the style of Chein, Fromm, and Murray was essentially unrepresented in the movement, and May's tragic view did not prevail. With recent changes in psychoanalysis and in behaviorism/cognitive psychology, humanistic psychology ...

although this is by no means the perfect text on developmental psychology, it does provide a useful addition to those already available. A comparatively large amount of direct developmental data is provided, largely in the form of graphs and tables and, while much of this is normative material, there are some useful longitudinal comparisons between different children showing principles of divergent development more clearly than is usual. The introductory chapter is rather philosophical and may make forbidding reading for some, but it is not representative of the difficulty-level of the subsequ...

Originally published in Contemporary Psychology: APA Review of Books, 1984, Vol 29(4), 314. Reviews the book, Mindwatching: Why People Behave the Way They Do by Hans J. Eysenck and Michael Eysenck (1983). Written at a level appropriate for introductory psychology courses and the general public, this book presents psychological theory and fact in an interesting, informative, and provocative manner. The emphasis is on psychology as a useful and significant science. A central theme is the superiority of experimental methods over common sense, intuition, and political ideology. The book is very we...

Metacognition is the “top manager” of cognitive functioning. Memory, for instance, consists of the basic cognitive functions for storing and retrieving information. Metacognitive processes are responsible for regulating these functions: setting goals for learning, examining the quality of memory storage and retrieval, allocating time to memory processes, choosing among strategies for reasoning, making decisions, and acknowledging achieving goals. Metacognition is not separate from cognition, but integral to all higher-order cognitive inferences, including explicit learning, skill development, ...

An account of new cognitive theory and research on thinking and how the diverse phenomena discussed by means of a taxonomy of thinking are integrated.

Creativity refers to original thinking that leads to new productions that have value in their social context (see Runco & Jaeger, 2012). Creative thinking can be distinguished from routine thinking, in which regular cognition yields run-of-the-mill, common ideas. Many human activities involve regular thinking; creativity comes into play when a new idea or a new solution is sought. The topic of creativity, as a fundamental aspect of human thinking, can be understood through a “7 C’s” approach (Lubart, 2017). Just as the “Seven Seas” refer historically to all the major bodies of water on Earth, ...

Choice is ubiquitous, from small decisions such as whether to bring an umbrella to life-changing choices such as whether to get married. Making good decisions is a lifelong challenge. Psychologists have long been fascinated by the mechanisms that underlie human decision making. Why do different people make different decisions when offered the same choices? What are common decision making errors? Which choice option is the “best” and why? These questions are addressed in this chapter. We first outline models and theories of decision making, defining key concepts and terms. We then describe the ...

An attempt to investigate the possibility of an underlying, unconscious motive or theme behind the concern for the status of an AID child, and the meaning of semen from an un¬ known source.

The disciples of Psychology and Sociology and the social sciences more generally, are and have been for some time, in a state of flux, especially with regard to research methods. The tension, in the view if many, is between the approaches to research in terms of positivist verses naturalist [1,2]. This tension has to a considerable degree remains unsolved and has been exacerbated by the postmodernist’s discourse as exemplified in the works of Foucault [3] and Lyotard [4] (see Rosenberg, 2003 for an overview of this discourse). This short commentary cannot address all of these issues. Instead, ...

After a brief review of the diverse contributions of the pioneers Fechner, Wundt, and Titchener the unity of science hypothesis is considered and found to be inappropriate for psychology as a human science. The same applies to cybernetics and system theory, which are briefly reviewed. The realistic approach of Harre and Secord is an improvement on the positivist philosophies of science, but their view of man does not exclude the possibility of an advanced computer being considered human and is therefore vulnerable to technology. Support is given to the existential phenomenological approach and...

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This original and engaging book advocates an unabashedly empirical approach to understanding human values: abstract ideals that we consider important, such as freedom, equality, achievement, helpfulness, security, tradition, and peace. Our values are relevant to everything we do, helping us choose between careers, schools, romantic partners, places to live, things to buy, who to vote for, and much more. There is enormous public interest in the psychology of values and a growing recognition of the need for a deeper understanding of the ways in which values are embedded in our attitudes and beha...

This article investigates the notebook kept by Lev Vygotsky during the first half of 1926. In addition to discussing the notebook's structure, content, and time frame, the article analyzes its significance within the context of the development of Vygotsky's ideas. Among the notebook's content discussed here are: supplementary material to The Psychology of Art; a preliminary outline for "The Historical Meaning of the Crisis in Psychology"; the first propositions of cultural-historical theory associated with the idea of sign mediation; an outline for the unwritten monograph "Zoon politikon"; as ...

Acknowledgements. Introduction: Psychology and 'Human Nature'. The Ultimate Biological Motive: The Evolutionary Perspective. Mental Conflict: Biolgical Drives and Social Reality. An Inner World: Cognitive Psychology. The Individual Consciousness - Anxiously Free in a Meaningless World. Social Being: Interacting and Presenting Oneself as a Person. 'Human Nature' as an Outmoded Cultural Presupposition. Conclusion. Glossary. Bibliography. Index.