Top Research Papers on International Relations

Abstract It is time for International Relations (IR) to join the relational revolution afoot in the natural and social sciences. To do so, more careful reflection is needed on cosmological assumptions in the sciences and also in the study and practice of international relations. In particular it is argued here that we need to pay careful attention to whether and how we think ‘relationally’. Building a conversation between relational cosmology, developed in the natural sciences, and critical social theory, this book seeks to develop a new perspective on how to think relationally in and around t...

In the textbook, the authors highlight the philosophical-historical process of the wisdom of the peoples of the world as a hypothetical picture of the quality of the reinterpretation of the individual, the state, and society in the theory of international relations. Attention is focused on the method of quantum computerization as a phenomenal digital communication in the international legal field. It is predicted that under the conditions of the international post-covid syndrome, quantum vaccination occupies a significant place in the hierarchical nature of the crystalline structure of the uni...

This updated and revised second edition examines the conceptualisation and evolution of peace in International Relations (IR) theory. The book examines the concept of peace and its usage in the main theoretical debates in IR, including realism, liberalism, constructivism, critical theory, and post-structuralism, as well as in the more direct debates on peace and conflict studies. It explores themes relating to culture, development, agency, and structure, not just in terms of representations of IR, and of peace, but in terms of the discipline of IR itself. The work also specifically explores th...

Acknowledgments vii Chapter One International Relations: A Strategic-Choice Approach David A. Lake and Robert Powell 3 Chapter Two Actors and Preferences in International Relations Jeffry A. Frieden 39 Chapter Three The Strategic Setting of Choices: Signaling, Commitment, and Negotiation in International Politics James D. Morrow 77 Chapter Four Institutions as Constraints on Strategic Choice Ronald Rogowski 115 Chapter Five The Governance Problem in International Relations Peter Alexis Gourevitch 137 Chapter Six Evolution, Choice, and International Change Miles Kabler 165 Chapter Seven The Lim...

International Relations and the European Union takes a unique approach by incorporating the study of the EU’s world role into the wider field of international relations. The text explains the EU’s role in the contemporary world. Beginning with an examination of theoretical frameworks and approaches, the text goes on to address the institutions and processes that surround the EU’s international relations. Key policy areas, such as security and trade, are outlined in detail, alongside the EU’s relations with specific countries, including the United States, China, India, and Russia. Updates for t...

Introduction Chapter 1: Research Methods in International Relations Chapter 2: Research Questions and Research Design Chapter 3: Research Ethics Chapter 4: Writing a Literature Review Chapter 5: Qualitative Methods in International Relations Chapter 6: Quantitative Methods in International Relations Chapter 7: Mixed Methods in International Relations Chapter 8: Case Study Research in International Relations Chapter 9: Field Research in International Relations Chapter 10: Writing Up Your Research

Introduction to International Relations provides a concise introduction to the principal international relations theories and approaches, and explores how theory can be used to analyse contemporary issues. Throughout the text, the chapters encourage readers to consider the strengths and weaknesses of the theories presented, and the major points of contention between them. In so doing, the text helps the reader to build a clear understanding of how major theoretical debates link up with each other, and how the structure of the discipline of international relations is established. The book place...

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic affects all countries, but how governments respond is dictated by politics. Amid this, the World Health Organization (WHO) has tried to coordinate advice to states and offer ongoing management of the outbreak. Given the political drivers of COVID-19, we argue this is an important moment to advance International Relations knowledge as a necessary and distinctive method for inclusion in the WHO repertoire of knowledge inputs for epidemic control. Historical efforts to assert technical expertise over politics is redundant and outdated: the WHO has always been politi...

DMCs are presented as relational dynamic capabilities and the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation and firm size on the DMCs–performance relationship is shown.

In this book Michelle Murray offers a theoretical frame for understanding the role of social factors in power transitions through the notion of struggle for recognition. Murray conceptualizes rising powers’ desire for disturbing the international status quo as a socially constructed act. Focusing on the role of material forces in states’ foreign policy calculations, the book attempts to elucidate the social aspect of states’ desire for recognition by gaining ontological security and legitimate social status. To secure a viable identity with social dignity, less recognized states, Murray argues...

A review of 23 regions’ building energy codes and standards by first comparing their quantitative aspects and then analyzing their mandated rules and approaches revealed a wide range of occupant-related values, approaches, and attitudes.

An international retrospective cohort of 25 children treated with anakinra, a recombinant interleukin‐1 receptor antagonist, as an immunomodulator forFebrile‐infection related epilepsy syndrome was potentially safe with only one child discontinuing therapy due to infection.

Abstract A wave of recent research challenges the role of regime type in international relations. One striking takeaway is that democratic and autocratic leaders can often achieve similar levels of domestic constraint, which in many issue areas results in similar international outcomes—leading many to question traditional views of democracies as distinctive in their international relations. In this review essay, we use recent contributions in the field to build what we call a “malleable constraints” framework, in which all governments have an institutionally defined default level of domestic a...

International travel-related nonpharmaceutical interventions, which can include traveler screening, travel restrictions, and border closures, often are included in national influenza pandemic preparedness plans and would have limited effectiveness in controlling pandemic influenza.

There was very low-certainty evidence that cross-border travel controls can slow the spread of COVID-19, and concerns with the quality of modelling studies related to potentially inappropriate assumptions about the structure and input parameters, and an inadequate assessment of model uncertainty.

Abstract The COVID‐19 pandemic has put unprecedented strain on food supply chains. Given the ever‐increasing degree of globalization, those supply chains very often stretch across international borders. In the short run, countries have largely been working to keep those supply chains intact and operating efficiently so that panic buying is cooled and shifts in consumption habits arising from personal isolation can be accommodated. Once the crisis has passed, based on what has been learned regarding the international food system's resilience, governments may wish to strengthen institutions that...

The current status of the international regulatory framework for health-related claims in functional food products and the state of the art regarding these products market are described to help consumers for making better-informed food decisions, food industry in marketing its products with a focus on international trade; and scientists in order to put in value their research work.

This international multidisciplinary consensus statement was developed to provide balanced guidance on the safe peri‐operative use of opioids in adults to reduce the risk of postoperative opioid‐related harm in adults.

Abstract Energy‐related problems induced by ever‐continuous fossil consumption have arisen as one of the most challenging issues in the 21 st century, imposing urgent demands on advanced materials to achieve high energy utilization and a sustainable society. In various solar energy utilization and solar‐to‐fuel energy conversion processes, charge carriers are the main and inevitable participators, and the charge dynamics related to their generation, migration, separation, and utilization is the key to advance the material design for settling the above issues. Internal electric field (IEF), als...

The knowledge of REDs signs and symptoms has resulted in updated Health and Performance Conceptual Models and the development of a novel Physiological Model, designed to demonstrate the complexity of either problematic or adaptable LEA exposure, coupled with individual moderating factors, leading to changes in health and performance outcomes.

Overexploitation of resources makes the reutilization of waste a focal topic of modern society, and the question of the kind of wastes that can be used is continuously raised. Sewage sludge (SS) is derived from the wastewater treatment plants, considered important underused biomass, and can be used as a biofertilizer when properly stabilized due to the high content of inorganic matter, nitrate, and phosphorus. However, a wide range of pollutants can be present in these biosolids, limiting or prohibiting their use as biofertilizer, depending on the type and origin of industrial waste and househ...

Stayers experienced more adverse mental health impacts than returnees during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and stress related to academics, health, availability of reliable COVID-19-related information, and lack of social support predicted more negativemental health impacts.

Abstract The Indian summer monsoon (ISM) rainfall affects a large population in South Asia. Observations show a decline in ISM rainfall from 1950 to 1999 and a recovery from 1999 to 2013. While the decline has been attributed to global warming, aerosol effects, deforestation, and a negative-to-positive phase transition of the interdecadal Pacific oscillation (IPO), the cause for the recovery remains largely unclear. Through analyses of a 57-member perturbed-parameter ensemble of model simulations, this study shows that the externally forced rainfall trend is relatively weak and is overwhelmed ...

The Society of Critical Care Medicine Discovery Network Viral Infection and Respiratory Illness Universal Study provides an example of a rapidly deployed, international, pandemic registry that seeks to provide near real-time analytics and information regarding intensive care treatments and outcomes for patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

This study provides the first demonstration that the ITQ measures reliable and clinically significant treatment-related change of ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD symptoms.

The knowledge that COVID-19 subjects can be asymptomatic and still shed virus, producing infectious droplets during breathing, suggests that health care workers (HCWs) should assume every patient is potentially infectious during this pandemic.

Zoledronic acid is recommended as the preferred bone-targeted agent for patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, with or without multiple myELoma-related bone disease and cement augmentation to be effective for painful vertebral compression fractures.

Clear, detailed and consistent methodology of bony morphology outcome measures (definition, measurement and statistical reporting) in research are recommended and future research on conditions with hip-related pain as the main symptom should include high-quality prospective studies on aetiology and prognosis.

Dalam rangka meningkatkan mutu pelayanan dosen khususnya Tridarma perguruan tinggi diperlukan pengakuan kinerja sehingga dosen yang bersangkutan dapat meningkatkan kinerjanya.

Current literature demonstrates that immune-enrichment of immunoglobulins coupled to intact light chain MALDI-TOF MS has clinical characteristics equivalent in performance to IFE with added benefits of detecting additional risk factors for PCDs, differentiating M-protein from therapeutic antibodies, and is a suitable replacement for IFE for diagnosing and monitoring multiple myeloma and related PCDs.

There were large disparities between high-, middle- and low-income countries with total health expenditures in high- Income countries being over 400 times those in low- income countries, with the ratio for annual direct health expenditure per person between these groups of countries is more than 39-fold.

Service planners should consider that, during a lockdown, there are likely to be fewer emergency psychiatric presentations, and a focus on developing intensive community care services with outreach capabilities should be prioritised.

From the successful completion of several International conference in the field of surgery and organ transplantation, the Allied group is glad to include another international conference in the series. The conference is tilted as “Annual summit on Organ transplantation” the conference will be held on Aug 31- Sep 01, 2020 at Barcelona, Spain.

This detailed analysis offers insight into the supporting evidence and the current gaps in the literature that are associated with expert consensus statements related to NORSE/FIRES. The recommendations generated by this consensus can be used as a guide for the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of patients with NORSE/FIRES, and for planning of future research.

This article addresses the puzzle of why, and under what conditions, international organisations cease to exist. International Relations literature offers rich explanations for the creation, design and effectiveness of international institutions and their organisational embodiments, international organizations (IOs), but surprisingly little effort has gone into studying the dynamics of IO termination. Yet if we want to understand the conditions under which international organisations endure, we must also explain why they frequently fail to do so. The article formulates and tests a theory of ‘I...

Almost five years have passed since the first successful edition of this work and for various reasons it was time for a new edition. Much relevant case law and legal literature have since been published which requires treatment. Furthermore, several hard and soft laws relevant to the book have under­gone important changes, making a new edition necessary: the enactment of the new Chinese Civil Code, the French Civil Code following extensive reforms in 2016, the UNI­DROIT Principles now apply as amended in 2016, and the INCOTERMS 2020 replace the former INCOTERMS 2010. Praise for the 1st edition...

Abstract International organizations (IOs) are perceived as increasingly important, yet also severely challenged actors in world politics. How authoritative are IOs, how do they exercise authority, and how has their authority evolved over time? The International Authority Database (IAD) offers a novel measure of IO authority built from several aspects of an IO’s institutional design. We provide systematic data on how IOs exercise authority across seven policy functions, using a representative sample of 34 IOs, based on coding over 200 IO bodies, and covering the period 1920–2013. Empirical app...

The HapMap will allow the discovery of sequence variants that affect common disease, will facilitate development of diagnostic tools, and will enhance the ability to choose targets for therapeutic intervention.

As global governance appears to become more inclusive and democratic, many scholars argue that international institutions act as motors of expansion and democratization. The Closure of the International System challenges this view, arguing that the history of the international system is a series of institutional closures, in which institutions such as diplomacy, international law, and international organizations make rules to legitimate the inclusion of some actors and the exclusion of others. While international institutions facilitate collective action and common goods, Viola's closure thesi...

The first- and second-order terms of the X-ray scattering cross section are given and an overview is provided of the excitations that can be studied using inelastic X-ray scattering. The second-order (resonant) term is then elaborated on and the role of the core-hole lifetime broadening is explained. Approximations and the one-electron transitions that describe the scattering process are briefly addressed in a simplified equation. X-ray emission (fluorescence) and outline momentum, angular and polarization dependence of the resonant scattering process are discussed.