Top Research Papers on Oral Cancer

The role of the oral microbiome, focusing on its bacterial fraction, in cancer in general and in OSCC more precisely, is summarized and a brief description of the potential use of bacteria to target tumors is described.

Overall, oral bacterial profiles showed significant difference between cancer sites and normal tissue of OSCC patients, which might be onsidered diagnostic markers and treatment targets.

This review focuses on the elucidating the interactions between oral cavity bacterial microbiota and cancer, gathering literature on the current knowledge of the bacterial contribution to cancer development and the mechanisms behind it.

Abstract Dysbiosis of oral microbiome may dictate the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Yet, the composition of oral microbiome fluctuates by saliva and distinct sites of oral cavity and is affected by risky behaviors (smoking, drinking and betel quid chewing) and individuals’ oral health condition. To characterize the disturbances in the oral microbial population mainly due to oral tumorigenicity, we profiled the bacteria within the surface of OSCC lesion and its contralateral normal tissue from discovery (n = 74) and validation (n = 42) cohorts of male patients with cancers...

In 2020, cancer of the lip and oral cavity was estimated to rank 16th in incidence and mortality worldwide and was a common cause of cancer death in men across much of South and Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific. A wide range of genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors contribute to the risk of oral cancer. Risks are dominated by tobacco, both smoked and smokeless, and heavy alcohol consumption. In Southeast Asia and the Western Pacific Islands, where the incidence of oral cancer is high, the major risk factors are use of smokeless tobacco and areca nut products (including betel qui...

In insight into the importance of early detection, prevention, and treatment of OPMDs, a representative diagram of changes occurring in buccal mucosa due to exposure to various carcinogenic factors is provided.

Investigation of the relationship of TME and oral cancer therapy and immunotherapy strategies, and the development prospects of oral cancer immunotherapy find that immunotherapy targeting tumor microenvironment is expected to provide a new strategy for clinical treatment of Oral cancer.

The various conventional diagnostic techniques used routinely for detection of the oral cancer are discussed along with advanced techniques, and the novel techniques developed by Indian researchers that have huge potential for application in oral cancer diagnosis are focused on.

A huge potential for new research directions on screening for oral cancer is identified, and most studies reported in the literature are based on 1 round of screening, whereas screening should be a continuous process.

The impact of oral microbial abnormalities on carcinogenesis and the future directions in this field for bringing in new ideas for effective prevention of tumors are systemically described.

An online quest for a wide range of articles distributed was started utilizing MEDLINE/PubMed, with the keywords, for example, 'oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), 'oral microbiota,' 'microorganisms and malignancy' and Porphyromonas gingivalis.

Based on the evidence, deep learning, such as a deep convolutional neural network, is more accurate in the early detection of OC compared to supervised machine learning.

A comprehensive review of the existing biomarkers to predict patient risk of developing oral mucositis and their role in early diagnosis concludes that non-coding RNAs might hold this potential.

Mucositis is a common and feared complication of anticancer therapy that can affect up to 90% of certain populations of patients with cancer. Even seemingly uncomplicated mucositis, which is often self-limited, can result in intense patient discomfort and decline in quality of life. Severe mucositis can be complicated by uncontrolled pain, superinfection or systemic infection, bleeding, and dehydration, and severe mucositis can lead to interruptions or de-escalation in anticancer treatment, resulting in worse oncologic outcomes. This article provides an evidence-based summary to guide practici...

The beneficial effects of a diet rich in vegetables and fruits are attributed to different micronutrients that are also found in fish and animal products that have a preventive role in the development of oral and other types of cancer.

Early evidence is provided to support the potential application of infrared spectroscopy as a diagnostic tool for oral potentially malignant and malignant lesions and the challenges and opportunities in clinical translation are discussed.

Two deep learning based computer vision approaches were assessed for the automated detection and classification of oral lesions for the early detection of oral cancer, these were image classification with ResNet-101 and object detection with the Faster R-CNN.

The role of the oral–gut microbiome axis in gastrointestinal disease and cancer, which may provide insight for precise diagnosis/prognosis and effective treatment, is reviewed.

The aim of this literature is to show that oral management strategy include removal infected teeth before the start of radiotherapy to prevent osteoradionecrosis, oral care for preventing severe oral mucositis to support patient complete radiotherapy during radiotherapy, and prevent of dental caries followed by osteoradicrosis after radiotherapy.

Changes in tobacco and alcohol exposure in men over the last decades likely explain the favorable trends in oral and pharyngeal cancer mortality and incidence observed in selected countries worldwide, while increased human papillomavirus infection is likely responsible for the rise in oropharyngeAL cancer incidence.

It is demonstrated that Fusobacteria could potentially enhance cancer cell invasiveness, survival, and EMT when presented in the oral tumour microenvironment.

It is demonstrated that artificial intelligence approaches combined with imaging can have considerable impact on oral cancer outcomes, with applications ranging from low-cost screening with smartphone-based probes to algorithm-guided detection of oral lesion heterogeneity and margins using optical coherence tomography.

Machine learning models assist clinicians in accessing digitized health information and appear promising in predicting progressive disease outcomes in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.

The proposed model of transfer learning model using AlexNet in the convolutional neural network to extract rank features from oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) biopsy images to train the model achieved higher classification accuracy.

In this phase 3 trial involving men with advanced prostate cancer, relugolix achieved rapid, sustained suppression of testosterone levels that was superior to that with leuprolide, with a 54% lower risk of major adverse cardiovascular events.

An overview of components of delayed OC diagnosis is provided and novel AI based approaches with respect to their utility and implications for improving oral cancer detection are evaluated.

Methods for the identification of oral CSCs are summarized and the characteristics of a CSC subpopulation induced by radiation are focused on to highlight their response to radiotherapy and potential role in tumour recurrence and metastasis post-radiotherapy as well as potential therapeutics targeting C SCs.

Artificial intelligence (AI) applications in oncology have been developed rapidly with reported successes in recent years. This work aims to evaluate the performance of deep convolutional neural network (CNN) algorithms for the classification and detection of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in oral photographic images. A dataset comprising 980 oral photographic images was divided into 365 images of OSCC, 315 images of OPMDs and 300 images of non-pathological images. Multiclass image classification models were created by using DenseNet-169, R...

It is strongly reconfirm that betel quid chewing, primarily areca nut use, should be taken into account in assessing the cancer risk of South Asian, East Asian populations and Pacific Islanders for the development of oral cancer.

The significance of AKT/mTOR signaling in OC and its potential as a therapeutic target for the management of OC are discussed and an update is provided on several AKT-mTOR inhibitors that emerged as promising candidates for therapeutic interventions against OC/head and neck cancer (HNC) in clinical studies.

A scoping review analyzed the information about different machine learning tools in support of non-invasive diagnostic techniques including telemedicine, medical images, fluorescence images, exfoliative cytology and predictor variables at risk of developing oral cancer to suggest that such tools can make a noninvasive contribution to the early diagnosis of oral cancer.

The results demonstrate that the artificial neural network could perform well in estimating the probability of malignancy and improve the positive predictive value that could help to predict the individuals' risk of developing OC based on knowledge of their risk factors, systemic medical conditions, and clinic-pathological data.

The mechanisms by which dietary polyphenols and/or their microbial metabolites exert their action on the pathogenesis and prevention of CRC as modulators of the composition and/ or activity of oral and intestinal microbiota are highlighted, including novel screening biomarkers and possible nutritional therapeutic implications.

It is argued that oral contraceptives can dramatically reduce women's risk of ovarian and endometrial cancer, whereas their effect on lifetime risk of breast cancer is limited.

Deep CNNs can be an effective method to build low-budget embedded vision devices with limited computation power and memory capacity for diagnosis of oral cancer and Artificial intelligence (AI) can improve the quality and reach of Oral cancer screening and early detection.

O Ongoing implementation of proven population-based strategies to prevent tobacco use initiation, promote smoking cessation, reduce excessive alcohol use, and increase HPV vaccination rates might help prevent cancers of the oral cavity and pharynx.

An updated report on the nomenclature and the classification of OPMDs, based predominantly on their clinical features, is presented, following discussions by an expert group at a workshop held by the World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for Oral Cancer in the UK.

High levels of periodontopathic bacteria as well as Streptococcus anginosus were detected in cancer tissue from patients with esophageal cancer.

Abstract Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are an emerging treatment option for patients with cancer and acute venous thromboembolism (VTE), but studies have reported inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared the efficacy and safety of DOACs and low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) in these patients. MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and conference proceedings were searched to identify relevant randomized controlled trials. Additional data were obtained from the original authors to homogenize definitions for all study outcomes....

A potential association between oral microbiome dysbiosis and colorectal cancer is suggested, and oral microbiota-based biomarkers may be helpful in predicting the risks for the development of CRA and CRC.