Top Research Papers on Oral Cancer

A 53-year-old male who had smoked for 36 years was referred by his dentist for worsening vitiligo diagnosed as leukoplakia 3 years earlier.

An overview of cancer, oral cavity, diagnosis, complications, medical treatments and self-prevention to avoid risk factors is provided.

This review aims to provide an overview of oral cancer, including its causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and prevention strategies, and highlight the significance of continued research and awareness efforts to combat this complex and aggressive disease.

There is growing incidence of oral cancer in India, persisting poor awareness about the need to quit tobacco/areca nut/alcohol use and go for screening, and major efforts are needed to implement preventive activities.

This review analyzes the oncogenic potential of oral microbiome alterations as a driver and biomarker and a potentially therapeutic strategy via the reversal of the oral microbiome dysbiosis in oral cancers has been discussed.

This review will discuss biomarkers for OSCC that have emerged from different biological areas, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, immunomics, and microbiomics, which have the potential to detect the disease at an early stage and, support treatment decision‐making and predict treatment responsiveness.

The diversity of the mycobiome and its potential role in oral cancer are highlighted, considering its diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications in cancer.

A review of the studies done on the contribution of microbial flora present within the oral cavity and their role in oral cancer is done and its nature and extent are evaluated.

A review systematically summarizes the reported correlations between oral microbiota and common cancers while also outlining potential mechanisms that may guide biological tumor treatment.

This review aims to summarize the knowledge on the causes and approach to management of oral pain garnered over the past 2 years and shows that chemical neurolysis as an adjunctive therapy, is effective in patients with pain of shorter chronicity and refractory head and neck cancer-related pain.

These tools showcase promising advancements in discovery and technology, which may provide a potential solution to addressing the current limitations in predicting OED transformation and OSCC behavior, both of which are clinical challenges that must be addressed in order to improve OSCC survival.

The link between cannabinoid compounds and oral cancer is complex, and further research is necessary to elucidate the potential risks or their protective impact on oral cancer.

This review highlights eight expression levels and functions of the most relevant microRNAs involved in oral cancer development, progression, and microenvironment sustainability and emphasizes the potential of using these small RNA species as non-invasive biomarkers for the early detection of oral cancerous lesions.

Oral cancer (OC) is the most prevalent subtype of cancer arising in the head and neck region and biomarkers for OC diagnosis are lacking and consequently, patients are often diagnosed in advanced stages, reflected by poor overall outcomes of OC patients, where 5‐year overall survival is around 50%.

In insight into the importance of early detection, prevention, and treatment of OPMDs, a representative diagram of changes occurring in buccal mucosa due to exposure to various carcinogenic factors is provided.

This review highlights the major genes involved in oral carcinogenesis and emphasizes on the implementation of genomics, which can be the new paradigm for drug development and targeted therapeutics.

The role of oral microbiota has been explored with a special focus on how oral microbiota induces OSCC initiation and stemness by modulating the oral mucosal stem cell and CSC niche defense.

It is confirmed that alterations in the composition of oral bacteria can contribute to a reduction in SCFAs and the expression of the FFAR 2, resulting in an inflammatory response through the upregulation of TNFAIP8 and the IL-6/STAT3 pathway, ultimately increasing the risk of cancer onset.

The findings of this study indicate that although AFV cannot be a substitute for COE, it can be used as a potential complementary diagnostic aid in surveillance of the high-risk patient population.

It is revealed that HPV significantly contributes to the onset of oropharyngeal cancer, and identifying it early can serve as a valuable indicator for diagnosis and prognosis.

Estimation and evaluation of the efficacy of serum ceruloplasmin levels as a potential biomarker in the early detection of oral potentially malignant epithelial lesions (PMELs) including leukoplakia, oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients revealed that serum cerulin levels were found to be raised in all 3 study groups.

Time to step up prevention, including more equitable access to dental care

A review article looks into the clinical evidence for the application of chemopreventive agents in clinical settings and also highlights the recent trends in oral cancer chemopleventive trials.

This review discusses the bacteriome and mycobiome associated with oral mucosal lesions, oral candidiasis, and oral squamous cell carcinoma, aiming to delineate the information available to date in pursuit of advancing diagnostic and prognostic utilities for oral medicine.

Oral cancer survivors are a group of special individuals whose disease affect anatomical structures with a key role in identity and communication and a fundamental role in basic human functions such as speaking, eating, swallowing and breathing, so quality of life of these individuals can be impaired by the consequences of disease and treatments.

The present review describes the conventional to most advanced diagnostic modalities used as oral cancer diagnostics, which also includes the new technologies available and the future trends in oral cancer Diagnostics.

This study identified Leptotrichia, Treponema, Lautropia, and Cardiobacterium as significantly enriched in tobacco chewers, whereas genera Pseudomonas, Capnocytophaga, and Mycoplasma were enriched in oral cancer, which could be potential biomarkers for the Indian population.

Overall, oral bacterial profiles showed significant differences between the oral cancer group and normal group, and microbes can be employed as diagnostic markers and treatment targets for oral cancer.

Improved understanding of the cause of death offers important opportunities to enhance contemporary care provision, including more accurate prediction of mortality outcomes, recognition of patients whose pre-existent comorbidities limit the efficacy of intensified treatment modalities, and the delivery of better post-treatment screening and tertiary preventive strategies.

Different types of nanoparticles that emerged for the diagnosis and therapy of oral cancers are introduced and their inherent physicochemical features enable them to overcome some of the limitations and achieve the expected diagnostic and therapeutic effect.

It is possible to conclude that PDT's effectiveness in treating various tumors has been shown to depend on the depth of the lesion location, and its safety is acceptable, but its limited irradiation depth confines its application in the advanced stages of cancer.

A huge potential for new research directions on screening for oral cancer is identified, and most studies reported in the literature are based on 1 round of screening, whereas screening should be a continuous process.

The purpose of this article is to review the currently available diagnostic methods for oral cancer as well as possible future applications of novel promising technologies to oral cancer diagnosis to potentially increase diagnostic options and improve the ability to effectively diagnose and treat oral cancerous-related lesions.

The economic burden of oral cancer is substantial, though underestimated, and in developed western countries, the costs of LC, OCC, and OPC reached an average of Gross Domestic Product per capita of 18, 75, and 127%, respectively.

A clinical trial was performed by an OMF surgeon for microvascular reconstruction of the mandible using the intraoral anastomosis technique, and an adequate tumor-free margin can be secured using an intraoral surgical approach.

Current advances in the utility of 3D cell culture models including multicellular spheroids, patient‐derived explant cultures, organoids, xenografts, 3D bioprinting, and organoid‐on‐a‐chip models are discussed.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License and the use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author and the copyright owner are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited.

Patients with oral cavity cancer (OCC) and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) are often seen with locoregionally advanced disease requiring complex multimodality treatments, which may have detrimental effects on the oral microbiome.

Management of oral cancer consists in surgery, which can be mutilating despite possible reconstructions, and in the future, immunotherapies could become a therapeutic alternative and the immune microenvironment could constitute a source of prognostic markers.

Oral cancer can involve any portion of the mouth, such as the tongue, lips, gums, roof and bottom of the mouth, and the inner part of the cheeks, soft palate, hard palate sinuses, and pharynx and it is significantly easier to treat when it is detected early.

Melatonin has emerged as a promising adjunct therapy for OSCC, exerting antioxidant and oncostatic effects by modulating tumor-associated neutrophils and inhibiting cancer cell survival and migration, which will be discussed.

Findings suggest that changes in these bacterial genera are associated with alterations in specific cytokines, CPT1A levels, SCFAs in oral cancer, with lower SCFA levels in patients reinforcing this link.

Oral submucous fibrosis belongs to a group of potentially malignant disorders that are characterized by the progressive fibrosis of the lining mucosa as well as an increasing loss of tissue mobility.

Treatment recommendations are based on low levels of evidence and/or evidence extrapolated from younger patients with câncer, and no specific recommendations in the case of older adults with cancer-associated oral conditions are available.

The present literature review will discuss the epidemiology and types of oral cancer based on evidence from relevant studies within the literature, including smoking, alcohol intake, age, socioeconomic status, immunocompromised state, and genetics.

A causal role for P. gingivalis in pancreatic cancer development in mice is demonstrated and intracellular bacteria protected PDAC cells from reactive oxygen species-mediated cell death resulting from nutrient stress.

A correlation between the incidence of OC and changes in cigarette and alcohol consumption and the production of betel quid is found, and the study recommends avoiding these risk factors to prevent OC.

Oral health management is a concept that encompasses oral function management, oral hygiene management, and oral care during oral cancer treatment that is applicable in Oral cancer treatment.

The epidemiology and risk factors for oral cancer in Australia, the various clinical presentations that occur and the staging of oral cancer are highlighted.

This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms of TGF-β signal transduction, focusing on oral squamous cell and salivary adenoid systemic carcinomas as well as keratocystic odontogenic tumors.