Top Research Papers on Viscosity

Viscosity can be not only a fluid’s resistance to flow but also a gas’ resistance to flow, change shape or movement. The opposite of viscosity is fluidity which measures the ease of flow while liquids such as motor oil or honey which are “sluggish” and high in viscosity are known as viscous. One may ask the question of what is actually going on in the liquids to make one type flow faster and the other more resistant to flow such as the comparison between honey and water earlier. Because part of a fluid moves, it forces other adjacent parts of the liquid to move along with it causing an interna...

DIRECTIONS For every cleaning job from fl oor to ceiling including fl oors, walls, woodwork, cabinets, leatherette upholstery, light fi xtures, venetian blinds, desks, offi ce equipment, etc. Dilute product according to requirements below. LIGHT DUTY CLEANING: Use 1 oz. per each gallon of water. MEDIUM DUTY CLEANING: Use 2 oz. per each gallon of water. HEAVY DUTY CLEANING: Use 4 oz. per each gallon of water. Apply product by spray, mop, sponge, cloth or auto-scrubber to surfaces to be cleaned. If necessary, agitate to help remove excessive soils. Wipe dry with clean cloth or rinse thoroughly w...

However, when a //shear// stress latexτ (i.e. force applied per unit area tangential to the boundary of matter) acts, a solid responds with a finite angular (tangential) strain, whereas a fluid strains (deforms) continuously (in time) as long as the shear stress prevails. The stresses in an elastic solid are proportional to the finite deformation while in the fluid they are proportional to the rate of deformation.

There's more than meets the eye when it comes to studying behaviors of viscosity and even rheology.

ALTHOUGH the physical and chemical properties of lubricating oils have been significantly improved since World War II there is no indication that these improvements have led to a reduction of wear rates in engines and other mechanical equipment. Automobile crankcases are cleaner and ring sticking something of a rarity nowadays, while oil circulation has been improved. It was reasonable to expect that the last‐named benefit would lead to a reduction of wear due to cold‐starting, but the rate of wear continues at much the same rate as before World War II. One asks : have the benefits been commen...

Organic compounds C b1 s to C b4 s organic compound C b5 s toC b7 s organic compounds S b8 s to S b28 s inorganic compounds and elements.

It is necessary to accede to the infinite complexity of factors that impart viscosity to sickle cell blood, as Lewis F. Richardson did.

Monographs for Students By A. Dinsdale and F. Moore London: Chapman and Hall Ltd. 1962. Pp. v + 67. Price 7s. 6d. This recent addition to the series of Monographs for Students published on behalf of The Institute of Physics and The Physical Society is welcome not only because it gives a clear and concise account of viscosity and viscometers but also because it gives an up-to-date description of practice for students of a subject only previously dealt with in a few specialist monographs or in an academic fashion in textbooks on properties of matter. A short introductory chapter is concerned wit...

This article reviews the standard specifications related to viscosity measurement, issued by ASTM, BSI, IP and other standard bodies, and their applications. The know-how embodied in these specifications is discussed in relation to knowledge recorded in the literature and some aspects of practical implementation and use are considered. It is shown that standards and calibration are well established for Newtonian liquids and viscosity measurement can be accurate and precise. But, for non-Newtonian fluids, the specifications give apparent viscosity, not absolute values; and even then the results...

The viscosity-stability of sodium carboxymethylcellulose and sodium alginate, in aqueous solution, has been investigated and the stereochemical features of these polymers, which may serve to explain the concentration effect, are discussed.

The mismatch of the deformational characteristics at various levels in Earth, coupled with the changing rate of rotation, may be pertinent to the rate of release of seismic energy as a function of depth.

Hamilton's principle is used to show that for the laminar flow of a given volume of liquid through a tube the product of the energy dissipated and the time is a minimum. This condition requires a parabolic velocity distribution in laminar flow through tubes. It is also shown that the non-turbulent flow of a fluid showing shear dependence is not laminar, and that it resembles in many fundamental respects the turbulent flow of a Newtonian liquid. These results follow from the recognition of apparent viscosity as a direct measure of the action per unit volume associated with a given change in the...

The analysis of these stereoselective and product-selective viscosity studies in terms of the simple free-volume model demonstrates the utility of frictional effects for the elucidation of complex reaction mechanisms in molecular transformations.

Polymer solutions and melts which are polydisperse with respect to molecular weight behave differently in various ways than monodisperse ones under conditions of unidirectional longitudinal flow. Inasmuch as polydispersions are mixtures of monodisperse fractions, each of a different molecular weight, the differences in the mechanical properties are due to causes which ought to be sought in the dependence of the mechanical properties of monodisperse polymers on their molecular weight. When monodisperse polymers are deformed longitudinally at a constant rate until a certain stress level Oct has ...

I venture to lay before you certain considerations concerning the viscosity of liquids which may find a place in a discussion of the theory of liquids. They mostly pertain to experiment, but, after all, the purpose of physical experiment is to stimulate the theoretical physicist. I shall deal briefly with three aspects of viscosity: the viscosity of molten metals, which represent the simplest class of liquid; the influence of an external electric field on the viscosity of liquids; and the viscosity of liquids in the supercooled state. In the last two cases a positive effect has been found in t...

Three viscosity correlations were tested for liquids at their boiling points. Compounds studied included normal paraffins, branched-chain hydrocarbons, aromatics, halogenated methanes and ethanes, water, and aliphatic alcohols. The correlations were tested for the most part with viscosity and thermodynamic data found in the literature. Some experimental viscosity measurements were made, however, for normal paraffins from pentane to octane at temperatures up to about 300°F., which is higher than has previously been reported. Two correlations are based on Eyring's theory of absolute reaction ...

Small amounts of potassium oxalate probably have no effect on the viscosity of the blood and changes hitherto ascribed to it can be attributed either to variation in carbon dioxide content or to sedimentation of the red blood cells.

Change in the viscosity of whole blood following venous stasis apparently bears no demonstrable relation to the carbon dioxide or oxygen content.

The present invention provides a natural infusion may be administered by using, as compared with the very low viscosity of the liquid food, liquid food having the physiologically more preferably viscous. The present invention provides a combination of thickeners and emulsifiers, viscosity maintain readily prepared in step to the filling of the container raw material from the modulation, and has to rely on nature for infusion administered after heating to give a viscosity of nutritional compositions thereof. Further, the present invention provides a combination of thickeners, emulsifiers, and w...

The present invention provides a method of lubricating an internal combustion engine comprising at least one of the crankcase, a gear and a wet clutch, the method comprising the crankcase, a gear and a wet clutch, supplying a lubricating composition comprising a comprising the step of: an oil of (a) lubricating viscosity; a viscosity modifier having a number average molecular weight of and (b) 1000~75,000, wherein said lubricating composition, of XW-Y It has a SAE viscosity grade, wherein, X is 0 to 20 and Y is about 20-50; and, wherein the lubricating composition is 0.12 wt% or less hydrocarb...