Heavy Metal Pollutants in Fresh Water
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Abstract
Water quality is one of the most important concerns. This study focused on screening of the most dangerous heavy metals(cadmium, chromium, copper, lead and nickel)in fresh water sources (surface and groundwater) of study area, Sohag governorate, Egypt. Ninety samples were collected from 15 sites along the study area extending from Tima to Dar-Elsalam cities; 12 wells and 3 Nile river local sites, 6 samples for each site, three during winter and three during summer. Results indicated that, total dissolved solids (TDS) and electric conductivity(EC) parameters in all samples increased significantly in summer than winter. While pH increased in winter than summer. All tested physical parameters of samples were within the safe limit of drinking water as prescribed by WHO, except pH in samples S 1 and S 3 . The concentration of metals in the study area showed that all tested samples were free from Cr during winter or summer season. Also, Cu was not recorded in winter but appeared during summer season within permissible limit. Nickel (Ni) was recorded in all tested samples within permissible limit. On the other hand, Cd and Pb were recorded over than permissible limit in some samples. This study may represent dangerous alarm for the potential threats to the fresh water resources in study area.