Are biofuels the answer

Abstract

Increasing concern about climate change and oil supplies are inspiring new interest in alternative means of transport, including fuels. Many alternatives are in contention, and no clear-cut winner has yet emerged. Some are capable of substantially reducing oil use and greenhouse gases, but are not ready for prime time. Others are economically and technically ready to go, but provide little energy and environmental value. While the future is uncertain, what we can say with confidence is that it is almost definitely going to include a mix of biofuels, electricity, and hydrogen. The problem is that each alternative is at a different stage of development, and each carries with it a different mix of pros and cons. Even within the category of biofuels there is a vast array of choices.