Language learning
Language Learning strategies in Kuwait: links to gender, language level, and culture in a hybrid context and a comparison of form-focused activities.
Abstract
analysis. In an experiment conducted with 137 intermediate L2 learners, and showed that contrastive metalinguistic (CMI) facilitated the acquisition of difficult target structures. The present study partially replicates this experiment to test the efFect of CMI on the acquisition of grammatical aspect in English by 57 English teachers and student teachers, advanced L2 learners, who were able to recognise the structure, but avoided production. The results of the two experiments are interpreted within a cognitive framework of L2 acquisition as an indication that the provision of CMI may enhance the production levels of difficult target structures. school-aged children. System (Oxford. UK), 27, 3 (1999), 375-88. This paper reports a study examining the language learning strategies employed by 58 bilingual primary school-aged children. The study also investigates whether the type of language learning strategies used by these young language learners are moderated by whether or not they were born in Australia, the cultural group to which they belong, whether or not they had received English as Second Language (ESL) help, and the number of years they have lived in Australia. The predictive power of the students' language efficacy beliefs and their attitudes to English is also examined in relation to their use of language learning strategies. The results show a lack of significant difference in strategy use between groups of students according to place of birth, cultural group, and whether they had or had not received ESL help-though this may have been the result of the broad classification scheme used.The one significant difference that was found (between longer and shorter term residents of Australia) supports this interpretation. The study was exploratory in nature and authors recognise that the small sample size dictates cau-tion in interpreting the results. They suggest, however, that, in spite of the limitations, their findings provide pointers to several fruitful directions for future research.