Top Research Papers on Electronics

This review discusses the recent advancement of transparent wearable electronics in a comprehensive way that includes materials, processing, devices, and applications, and examines bridging techniques for stable integration with the soft human body.

This concept is based on a recent demonstration of the optical frequency modulation of the free-electron quantum electron wave function by an ultrafast laser beam, and it is asserted that pulses of such QEWs correlated in their modulation phase, interact resonantly with two-level systems, inducing resonant quantum transitions.

Abstract Contact electrification (CE) is one of the oldest topics in physics, which has been discussed for more than 2600 years. Recently, an overlapped electron‐cloud (OEC) model was proposed by Wang to explain all types of CE phenomena for general materials in which a deep overlapping of electron clouds belonging to two atoms results in a lowered potential barrier for electron transfer from one to the other by applying a compressive force, which is simply referred to as Wang transition for CE. Here, the degree of electron‐cloud overlap between two atoms is controlled by using tapping mode at...

Electron-phonon coupling, being one of the most important parameters governing the material evolution after ultrafast energy deposition, yet remains the most unexplored one. In this work, we applied the dynamical coupling approach to calculate the nonadiabatic electron-ion energy exchange in nonequilibrium solids with the electronic temperature high above the atomic one. It was implemented into the tight-binding molecular dynamics code, and used to study electron-phonon coupling in various elemental metals. The developed approach is a universal scheme applicable to electronic temperatures up t...

For the needs of food producers and consumers, electronic tongue and electronic nose play many roles for food quality and safety in food production, food supervision and daily life. The principles and progresses of electronic tongue and electronic nose were elaborated. The core hardware namely electronic tongue sensors and electronic nose sensors, and the core software namely intelligent sensory algorithms were summarized. It was found that the proportion of electronic tongue and electronic nose employed in food quality control and monitoring in production was the highest. Electronic tongue an...

The study of electronic structure of materials is at a momentous stage, with new computational methods and advances in basic theory. Many properties of materials can be determined from the fundamental equations, and electronic structure theory is now an integral part of research in physics, chemistry, materials science and other fields. This book provides a unified exposition of the theory and methods, with emphasis on understanding each essential component. New in the second edition are recent advances in density functional theory, an introduction to Berry phases and topological insulators ex...

Abstract Within the broad and deep field of topological materials, there are an ever-increasing number of materials that harbor topological phases. While condensed matter physics continues to probe the exotic physical properties resulting from the existence of topological phases in new materials, there exists a suite of “well-known” topological materials in which the physical properties are well-characterized, such as Bi 2 Se 3 and Bi 2 Te 3 . In this context, it is then appropriate to ask if the unique properties of well-explored topological materials may have a role to play in applications t...

Abstract Organic electronics is a platform for very low cost and high performance optoelectronic and electronic devices that cover large areas, are lightweight, and can be both flexible and conformable to irregularly shaped surfaces such as foldable smart phones. Organics are at the core of the global organic light emitting device (OLED) display industry, and also having use in efficient lighting sources, solar cells, and thin film transistors useful in medical and a range of other sensing, memory and logic applications. This book introduces the theoretical foundations and practical realizatio...

It is shown that ultrafast electron diffraction can be used to simultaneously record both electronic and nuclear dynamics in isolated pyridine molecules, naturally disentangling the two components.

A circuit of electron flow in the mammalian ETC that maintains mitochondrial functions under oxygen limitation is delineated, finding that complex I and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase can still deposit electrons into the ETC when oxygen reduction is impeded.

There are currently several existing and proposed experiments designed to\nprobe sub-GeV dark matter (DM) using electron ionization in various materials.\nThe projected signal rates for these experiments assume that this ionization\nyield arises only from DM scattering directly off electron targets, ignoring\nsecondary ionization contributions from DM scattering off nuclear targets. We\ninvestigate the validity of this assumption and show that if sub-GeV DM couples\nwith comparable strength to both protons and electrons, as would be the case\nfor a dark photon mediator, the ionization signal f...

Abstract In this study, by simulating the wave‐particle interactions, we show that subrelativistic/relativistic electron microbursts form the high‐energy tail of pulsating aurora (PsA). Whistler‐mode chorus waves that propagate along the magnetic field lines at high latitudes cause precipitation bursts of electrons with a wide energy range from a few kiloelectron volts (PsA) to several megaelectron volts (relativistic microbursts). The rising tone elements of chorus waves cause individual microbursts of subrelativistic/relativistic electrons and the internal modulation of PsA with a frequency ...

This review focuses on the structural and thermodynamic redox properties of nitrogenase component proteins and their complexes, as well as on new insights regarding the mechanism of ET reactions during catalysis and how they are coupled to ATP hydrolysis.

This review provides a comprehensive and in-depth insight into flexible electronics from microfluidic technology, covering the basic elements as well as micro fluidic fabrication of flexible electronics and various applications in biomedical engineering.

The principles of designing high-performance hydrogels and representative examples of their potential applications in the field of flexible electronics for healthcare are discussed and the importance of considering the hydrogel-cell interactions and the dynamic properties ofhydrogels in future research is highlighted.

The development of neural interfaces, which can provide a direct, electrical bridge between analogue human nervous systems and digital man-made devices, is examined, considering challenges and opportunities created with such technology.

Outline of theory of protein electron transfer, C.N. Beratan and J.S. Bendall Computer modelling of protein-protein interactions, S.H.L.Dutton.

This Primer aims to show new users how vEM can support discovery science in their own research fields and inspire broader uptake of the technology, finally allowing its full adoption into mainstream biological imaging.

This textbook is intended for use in introductory power electronics courses and related fields for both senior undergraduates and first-year graduate students interested in converter circuits and electronics, control systems, and magnetic and power systems.

Over the last decade, extensive efforts have been made on utilizing advanced materials and structures to improve the properties and functionalities of flexible electronics. While the conventional ways are approaching their natural limits, a revolutionary strategy, namely metamaterials, is emerging toward engineering structural materials to break the existing fetters. Metamaterials exhibit supernatural physical behaviors, in aspects of mechanical, optical, thermal, acoustic, and electronic properties that are inaccessible in natural materials, such as tunable stiffness or Poisson's ratio, manip...

Substantially expanded and updated, the new edition of this classic textbook provides unrivalled coverage of the fundamentals of power electronics. Comprehensive coverage of foundational concepts in circuits, magnetics, devices, dynamic models, and control establishes a strong conceptual framework for further study. Extensive discussion of contemporary practical considerations, enhanced by real-world examples, prepares readers for design scenarios ranging from low-power dc/dc converters to multi-megawatt ac machine drives. New topics include SiC and GaN wide-bandgap materials, superjunction MO...

Building on the tradition of its classic first edition, the long-awaited second edition of Elements of Power Electronics provides comprehensive coverage of the subject at a level suitable for undergraduate engineering students, students in advanced degree programs, and novices in the field. It establishes a fundamental engineering basis for power electronics analysis, design, and implementation, offering broad and in-depth coverage of basic material. Streamlined throughout to reflect new innovations in technology, the second edition also features updates on renewable and alternative energy. El...

The mechanism involving a combination of the knock-on damage and excitations proposed is relevant to other semiconducting materials, and in addition to beam- induced chemical etching, can be responsible for damage production in 2D systems at low electron voltages.

Abstract The Kagome superconductors AV 3 Sb 5 (A = K, Rb, Cs) have received enormous attention due to their nontrivial topological electronic structure, anomalous physical properties and superconductivity. Unconventional charge density wave (CDW) has been detected in AV 3 Sb 5 . High-precision electronic structure determination is essential to understand its origin. Here we unveil electronic nature of the CDW phase in our high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission measurements on KV 3 Sb 5 . We have observed CDW-induced Fermi surface reconstruction and the associated band folding. The CDW-in...

This updated and revised edition of a classic work provides a summary of methods for numerical computation of high resolution conventional and scanning transmission electron microscope images. At the limits of resolution, image artifacts due to the instrument and the specimen interaction can complicate image interpretation. Image calculations can help the user to interpret and understand high resolution information in recorded electron micrographs. The book contains expanded sections on aberration correction, including a detailed discussion of higher order (multipole) aberrations and their eff...

Progress and potentialUnobstructive, long-term, and high-fidelity human body sensing and stimulation must overcome the challenges of manifold mismatches between bio-tissues and man-made materials. The emergence of body-conformable electronics is a promising solution to these inherent obstacles. In the last two decades, various strategies have been developed to promote bio-electronics conformability by (1) improving device thinness and compliance, (2) enhancing bio-electronics interfacial adhesion, and (3) refining the bio-integration process. A successful body-conformable electronic device can...

Using individual molecules as conducting bridges for electrons offers opportunities when investigating quantum phenomena that are not readily accessible from experiments involving ensembles of molecules. The probing of single molecules has led, over the past few decades, to the rise of molecular electronics. Although single-supermolecule electronics is an emerging field, it is not yet a well-defined area of molecular electronics. There is little doubt, however, that single-supermolecule electronics is poised to have an impact on molecular electronics for the simple reason that non-covalent int...

Abstract Lepton scattering is an established ideal tool for studying inner structure of small particles such as nucleons as well as nuclei. As a future high energy nuclear physics project, an Electron-ion collider in China (EicC) has been proposed. It will be constructed based on an upgraded heavy-ion accelerator, High Intensity heavy-ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF) which is currently under construction, together with a new electron ring. The proposed collider will provide highly polarized electrons (with a polarization of ∼80%) and protons (with a polarization of ∼70%) with variable center of...

There was high certainty that quit rates were higher in people randomized to nicotine EC than in those randomized to Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and moderate-certainty evidence, limited by imprecision, that Quit rates wereHigher in people Randomized to Nicotine EC than to non-nicotine EC.

A variety of pencil–paper-based on-skin electronic devices, including biophysical (temperature, biopotential) sensors, sweat biochemical sensors, thermal stimulators, and humidity energy harvesters, are developed, which can perform real-time, continuous, and high-fidelity monitoring of a range of vital biophysical and biochemical signals from human bodies.

A pioneering review focusing on the structural design and device application of 2D homojunctions such as p-nhomojunctions, heterophase homojunction, and layer-engineered homojjoined is provided.

Nicotine-containing e-cigarettes may be more effective than placebo devices for smoking cessation and aid in smoking reduction, but the quality of available evidence is low and little is known about their safety.

Abstract Textile electronics embedded in clothing represent an exciting new frontier for modern healthcare and communication systems. Fundamental to the development of these textile electronics is the development of the fibers forming the cloths into electronic devices. An electronic fiber must undergo diverse scrutiny for its selection for a multifunctional textile, viz., from the material selection to the device architecture, from the wearability to mechanical stresses, and from the environmental compatibility to the end‐use management. Herein, the performance requirements of fiber‐shaped el...

Flexible electronics is an emerging field of research involving multiple disciplines, which include but not limited to physics, chemistry, materials science, electronic engineering, and biology. However, the broad applications of flexible electronics are still restricted due to several limitations, including high Young's modulus, poor biocompatibility, and poor responsiveness. Innovative materials aiming for overcoming these drawbacks and boost its practical application is highly desirable. Hydrogel is a class of 3D crosslinked hydrated polymer networks, and its exceptional material properties...

Graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) are a family of one-dimensional (1D) materials\ncarved from graphene lattice. GNRs possess high mobility and current carrying\ncapability, sizable bandgap, and versatile electronic properties tailored by\nthe orientations and open edge structures. These unique properties make GNRs\npromising candidates for prospective electronics applications including\nnano-sized field-effect transistors (FETs), spintronic devices, and quantum\ninformation processing. To fully exploit the potential of GNRs, fundamental\nunderstanding of structure-property relationship, precise cont...

Different preparation methods of ionogels are discussed and the comparison of their advantages are compared.

The two main mechanisms for electron storage in EABs are discussed: storage in the form of reduced redox active components in the electron transport chain and in the forms of polymers.

High-temperature superconductivity was discovered in the pressurized nickelate La 3 Ni 2 O 7 which has a unique bilayer structure and mixed valence state of nickel. The properties at ambient pressure contain crucial information of the fundamental interactions and bosons mediating superconducting pairing. Here, using X-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering, we identified that Ni 3 d x 2 - y 2 , Ni 3 d z 2 , and ligand oxygen 2p orbitals dominate the low-energy physics with a small charge-transfer energy. Well-defined optical-like magnetic excitations soften into qu...

This Perspective provides a broad introduction to topological phases, their known properties, and material realizations, with a particular focus on semimetals, and highlights areas where the field can continue to make remarkable discoveries.

This review introduces the intriguing properties of paper-based wearable electronics and strategies for cellulose modifications to satisfy specific demands, and overviews the applications ofpaper-based devices in biosensing, energy storage and generation, optoelectronics, soft actuators, and several others.