Top Research Papers on Obesity

The epidemiology of maternal obesity is described, the metabolic changes seen in pregnancy are identified, and the anticipated maternal, fetal, and obstetric risks are detailed.

The rising prevalence of obesity is reviewed and potential mechanisms underlying its association with various comorbidities and how these respond to treatment are discussed, with a particular focus on cardiometabolic disease, malignancy and mental health.

The purpose of this review study is to determine the impact of the gestational age at delivery and to provide an overview of the evidence supporting the link between childhood obesity and post-term birth.

These new guidelines will help to identify and manage high-risk groups for obesity-related comorbidities among Korean adults and put greater emphasis on the use of morbidity as the basis for obesity and abdominal obesity diagnoses.

The goal of the 8th edition of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity is to help primary care physician provide safe, effective care to patients with obesity by offering evidence-based recommendations to improve the quality of treatment. The Committee for Clinical Practice Guidelines comprised individuals with multidisciplinary expertise in obesity management. A steering board of seven experts oversaw the entire project. Recommendations were developed as the answers to key questions formulated in patient/problem, intervention, comparison, outcomes (PICO) format. Guidelines underwent mult...

The obstetrician–gynecologist who is knowledgeable about the behavioral and environmental factors that influence obesity may be better able to educate parents, guardians, and adolescents and advocate for programs that increase physical activity and improve nutrition.

Therapies including diet, medications, and bariatric surgery are discussed that should be considered in patients with BMIs if diet and lifestyle interventions fail to achieve weight loss and antihypertensive therapy, plasma lipid reduction and glucose lowering therapy should be prescribed in obese patients with hypertension, a 10-year CVD risk >7.5%, or prediabetes or diabetes.

It is demonstrated that this diet (low carb, hight fat, 3-fold meal diet with lunch before 3 p.m.) is associated with statistically different changes in BMI, waist, body fat and HOMA-IR and the intervention was more effective among patients in second group.

The interest in inducing weight loss by an intestinal shunt technic continued because of the well recognized hazards of severe obesity and the ineffectiveness of all current weight reduction programs to maintain a near normal body weight after initial weight loss.

Women with obesity have an increased risk of thromboembolic disease when using menopause hormone therapy (MHT), and it is probably the main medical condition to prescribe or not MHT, however, this risk depends on the route and type of MHT.

These new guidelines will help to identify and manage high-risk groups for obesity-related comorbidities among Korean adults and put greater emphasis on the use of morbidity as the basis for obesity and abdominal obesity diagnoses.

The impact of physical inactivity, excessive caloric intake, intrauterine environment, postnatal influences, insufficient sleep, drugs, medical conditions, socioeconomic status, ethnicity, psychosocial stress, endocrine disrupting chemicals and the gastrointestinal microbiome, on the occurrence of obesity are discussed.

There was a dramatic increase in the prevalence of class II and III obesity from 2009 to 2018 among young adults, as well as the population as a whole, and optimal strategies for the prevention and treatment of obesity are needed.

Preclinical and clinical data are reviewed that contribute to explain the role of butyrate in this context, highlighting its crucial contribute in the diet-GM-host health axis.

This review summarizes the evidence-based strategies physicians can employ to identify, prevent, and treat obesity, including best practices to diagnose and counsel patients, to assess and address the burden of weight-related disease including weight stigma, and to address secondary causes of weight gain.

This document reflects emerging clinical and scientific advances as of the date issued and is subject to change.

A broad survey of the various causes of obesity and MHO is given, with special emphasis on the East Asian population and studies from that region, to buffer the burden of long-term obesity care on medical systems and provide new targets for intervention.

This study provides information on the current status of obesity prevalence based on the 2023 Obesity Fact Sheet, emphasizing the urgency of implementing timely strategies to reverse this increasing trend.

Comprehensive, evidence-based obesity treatment combines behavioral interventions, nutrition, physical activity, pharmacotherapy, and metabolic/bariatric procedures and clinical guidelines support the use of long-term antiobesity medications when weight maintenance is inadequate with lifestyle interventions alone.

Recent developments in the understanding of and response to obesity are summarized to improve overall cardiovascular health and achieve better clinical outcomes.

It can be concluded that intestinal dysbiosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of obesity.

In patients with preexisting cardiovascular disease and overweight or obesity but without diabetes, weekly subcutaneous semaglutide at a dose of 2.4 mg was superior to placebo in reducing the incidence of death from cardiovascular causes,Nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke at a mean follow-up of 39.8 months.

In this 72-week trial in participants with obesity, 5 mg, 10 mg, or 15 mg of tirzepatide once weekly provided substantial and sustained reductions in body weight.

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, sodium-dependent glucose transporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and bariatric surgery described in this review can reduce urinary protein to varying degrees and delay the progression of kidney disease.

The 2020 Korean Society for the Study of Obesity Guideline for the Management of Obesity in Korea summarizes evidence-based recommendations and treatment guidelines.

The characteristics of the Gut microbiota in obesity, the mechanism of obesity induced by the gut microbiota, and the influence of genetic and environmental factors on the gut microbiome and obesity are summarized to provide support for understanding the complex relationship between obesity and microbiota.

Based on the 2011–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, the prevalence of obesity in women of reproductive age (20–39 years) in the United States is 31.8% and increases to 58.5% when the overweight and obese categories are combined.

Insight is provided into the current research on the role of miRNAs in obesity and obesity-derived ailments, intending to develop novel therapies to effectively manage these disorders.

Changing negative societal attitudes to high body weights would improve the wellbeing of people living with obesity, and promote more effective weight-inclusive attitudes and behaviours in society at large, particularly in healthcare settings.

Current evidence regarding the benefits of physical activity as a management strategy of obesity is summarized and the role of sport and exercise medicine physicians as part of the multidisciplinary team is outlined.

This review summarizes the global trends in obesity with a special focus on the pathogenesis of obesity from genetic factors to epigenetic factors, from social environmental factors to microenvironment factors, and several possible intervention strategies to minimize BMI.

The role obesity plays in the pathophysiology of various cardiovascular diseases both by directly affecting endothelial and myocyte function and indirectly by enhancing major cardiovascular risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidaemia is summarized.

A review of 129 studies that evaluated variable definitions of metabolic dysfunction in relation to obesity‐related cancer risk and mortality after a cancer diagnosis finds that metabolic dysfunction driven by obesity increases risk for developing at least 13 cancer types.

In this cohort study of 3124 adults, individuals at high genetic risk of obesity needed higher daily step counts to reduce the risk of obesity than those at moderate or low genetic risk.

The clinical practice guidelines for obesity in children and adolescents that are included in the 8th edition of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Obesity of the Korean Society for the Study of Obesity are summarized.

Tirzepatide, the first dual glucose‐dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP)/GLP‐1RA, has recently demonstrated that body weight reduction exceeding 20% in people with obesity and coupled with improved cardiometabolic measures is feasible, and promise to narrow the gap between the weight‐loss effects of behaviour interventions, previous pharmacotherapies, and bariatric surgery.

S skeletal muscle mass had strong positive relationship with absolute fat mass but negative associations with the percentage of appendicular fat mass, and obesity was a risk factor of sarcopenia when defined by BF% instead of BMI.

Importance Obesity affects approximately 19% of women and 14% of men worldwide and is associated with increased morbidity. Antiobesity medications (AOMs) modify biological processes that affect appetite and significantly improve outcomes, such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Observations AOMs should be administered in combination with lifestyle interventions and can be classified according to their mechanisms of action. Orlistat modifies digestive tract absorption and causes gastrointestinal adverse effects, such as oily fecal spotting and urgency, in more than 25% of pat...

It was found that shorter height with accelerated pulse rate subjects was prone to cardiovascular diseases and short height with a higher pulse rate is obesity's best indicator correlating in obese or study group.

It is argued that using syndromic obesity models, such as BBS, can further advance knowledge regarding peripheral adipocyte regulation in obesity, focusing on Bardet–Biedl syndrome.

This study examined the effects of overweight/obesity on mortality and morbidity outcomes and the disparities, time trends, and projected future obesity health burden in China.

It is highlighted that the type of metabolic obesity phenotype is important when assessing obesity-related cancer risk, and in general, metabolic aberrations further increased the obesity-inducedcancer risk, suggesting that obesity and metabolic abermations are useful targets for prevention.

The Synbiotic components provide an optimal target for modulation of the intestinal microbiota and help reshape the metabolic profile in obese people and the development of novel functional foods containing synbiotic ingredients may present a support in the prevention of obesity as one of the risk factors for chronic diseases.

impact of gut microbiota composition and changes in metabolite profile on the obesity pathogenesis and related metabolic disorders and such therapeutic microbiota’s agents as antibiotics, pre-, auto- and probiotics, as well as fecotransplantation are examined.

A systematic review and meta‐analysis summarize the current clinical evidence relevant to sarcopenic obesity and found the attenuated risk of sarcopenia in elderlies with obesity (“obesity paradox”) was dependent on higher muscle mass and strength.

This review comprehensively discusses the correlation between FTO gene and obesity, cancer, PCOS, T2DM, as well as the molecular mechanism involved in these diseases.

Obesity is a pressing social issue and a persistently newsworthy topic for the media. This book examines the linguistic representation of obesity in the British press. It combines techniques from corpus linguistics with critical discourse studies to analyse a large corpus of newspaper articles (36 million words) representing ten years of obesity coverage. These articles are studied from a range of methodological perspectives, and analytical themes include variation between newspapers, change over time, diet and exercise, gender and social class. The volume also investigates the language that r...

The present study investigated the complex and mutual relationships between the thyroid axis and adiposity and identified several mechanisms such as lipotoxicity and changes in adipokines and inflammatory cytokine secretion.

OIL is a form of secondary lymphedema that may occur once an individual's body mass index (BMI) exceeds 40 and is almost universal once BMI exceeds 60.

Among middle-aged and older adults, all obesity- and lipid-related indices, except ABSI, were able to predict MetS and in men, TyG-BMI is the best indicator to indicate MetS, and in women, CVAI is considered the best hand to indicate metabolic syndrome.