Top Research Papers on Psychology Topics

This work defines aesthetics as the study of how and why sensory stimuli acquire hedonic value and proposes that this definition leads to concrete empirical questions, such as how perceptual information comes to engage value signals in the reward circuit or why different psychological and neurobiological factors elicit different appreciation events for identical sensory objects.

Maritime transport is considered as the lynchpin of global trade. In the past decades, a large number of academic articles in the maritime transport field have been published. This study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the development of maritime transport research. A structural topic model (STM) is adopted to analyze the research themes and trends in the maritime literature. STM is a text mining-based methodology to uncover main topics from large-scale unstructured textual data. In total, 3199 articles published between Jan 1991 and Aug 2020 were collected and analyzed. The results ...

This volume comprises 16 contributions that present advanced topics in graph domination, featuring open problems, modern techniques, and recent results. The focus is on primary dominating sets such as paired domination, connected domination, restrained domination, dominating functions, Roman domination, and power domination. Additionally, surveys include known results with a sample of proof techniques for each parameter. Of extra benefit to the reader, the first chapter includes a glossary of commonly used terms; the second chapter provides an overview of models of domination from which the pa...

This paper creates a navigator of the documents, allowing users to explore the hidden structure that a topic model discovers, and reveals meaningful patterns in a collection, helping end-users explore and understand its contents in new ways.

An in-depth analysis of unsupervised topic models from their inception to today is provided, tracing the origins of different types of contemporary topic models and comparing their proposed algorithms, as well as their different evaluation approaches.

The main aim of this article is to present the results of different experiments focused on the problem of model fitting process in topic modeling and its accuracy when applied to long texts and present a clear-cut power-law relation between the optimal number of topics and the analyzed sample size.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has affected all aspects of social life in recent years. This study reviews 177,204 documents published in 25 journals and 16 conferences in the AI research from 1990 to 2021, and applies the Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) model to extract the 40 topics from the abstracts. According to the topics obtained, 7 subfields of the AI field can be discovered: Approximate Reasoning, Computational Theory, Intelligent Automation, Artificial Neural Network, Machine Learning, Natural Language Processing, and Computer Vision. This study aggregates the results of the LDA mode...

Different topic modeling approaches capable of dealing with correlation between topics, the changes of topics over time, as well as the ability to handle short texts such as encountered in social media or sparse text data are presented.

This Research Note presents several contributions and mathematical studies in fluid mechanics, namely in non-Newtonian and viscoelastic fluids and on the Navier-Stokes equations in unbounded domains. It includes review of the mathematical analysis of incompressible and compressible flows and results in magnetohydrodynamic and electrohydrodynamic stability and thermoconvective flow of Boussinesq-Stefan type. These studies, along with brief communications on a variety of related topics comprise the proceedings of a summer course held in Lisbon, Portugal in 1991. Together they provide a set of co...

It is empirically demonstrate that providing topic models with a small number of keywords can substantially improve their performance, and the proposed keyword assisted topic model (keyATM) provides more interpretable results, has better document classification performance and is less sensitive to the number of topics than the standard topic models.

This review explores recent progress throughout this landscape with a particular focus on thermosensing in the model plant Arabidopsis, finding potential novel thermosense mechanisms are based on lipid and liquid-liquid phase separation.

Ecological psychology is one of the main alternative theories of perception and action available in the contemporary literature. This Element explores and analyzes its most relevant ideas, concepts, methods, and experimental results. It discusses the historical roots of the ecological approach. The Element then analyzes the works of the two main founders of ecological psychology: James and Eleanor Gibson. It also explores the development of ecological psychology since the 1980s until nowadays. Finally, the Element identifies and evaluates the future of the ecological approach to perception and...

The psychology of pandemics has emerged as an important field of research and practice during the coronavirus 2019 (CO VID-19) pandemic and is vital for shaping clinical practice and public health guidelines for COVID-19 and future pandemic outbreaks.

The Psychology of Music provides an overview of the perception of musical tones by discussing different sound characteristics, like loudness, pitch and timbre, together with interaction between these attributes.

Personality psychology, which seeks to study individual differences in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that persist over time and place, has experienced a renaissance in the last few decades. It has also not been reviewed as a field in the Annual Review of Psychology since 2001. In this article, we seek to provide an update as well as a meta-organizational structure to the field. In particular, personality psychology has a prescribed set of four responsibilities that it implicitly or explicitly tackles as a field: ( a ) describing what personality is-i.e., what the units of analysis in the f...

The results show clear trends in the development of language and communication in Culture and in the treatment of Abnormal Behavior and Culture, which are related to Cognition and Personality.

Topic modeling is used in information retrieval to infer the hidden themes in a collection of documents and thus provides an automatic means to organize, understand and summarize large collections of textual information. Topic models also offer an interpretable representation of documents used in several downstream Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Modeling techniques vary from probabilistic graphical models to the more recent neural models. This paper surveys topic models from four aspects. The first aspect categorizes different topic modeling techniques into four categories: algebraic...

Coffee by-products are a good alternative for the composition of topical pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations, because in addition to their numerous activities, they have low cost, and are sustainable, safe and effective.

Abstract We identify the core topics of research applying machine learning to finance. We use a probabilistic topic modeling approach to make sense of this diverse body of research spanning across multiple disciplines. Through a latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling technique, we extract 15 coherent research topics that are the focus of 5942 academic studies from 1990 to 2020. We find that these topics can be grouped into four categories: Price‐forecasting techniques, financial markets analysis, risk forecasting and financial perspectives. We first describe and structure these topics and ...

Human behavior plays a critical role in causing global climate change as well as in responding to it. In this article, I review important insights on the psychology of climate change. I first discuss factors that affect the likelihood that individuals engage in a wide range of climate actions. Next, I review the processes through which values affect climate actions and reflect on how to motivate climate actions among people who do not strongly care about nature, the environment, and climate change. Then I explain that even people who may be motivated to engage in climate actions may not do so ...

Reconstructing educational psychology , Reconstructing educational psychology , کتابخانه دیجیتالی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات درمانی شهید بهشتی

This book offers an inspiring exploration of current findings from the psychology of meaning in life, analysing cutting-edge research to propose practical, evidence-based applications. Schnell draws on psychological, philosophical and cognitive perspectives to explore basic concepts of meaning and introduce a multidimensional model of meaning in life. Written in an accessible style, this book covers a range of topics including the distinction between meaning and happiness, the impact of meaning on health and longevity, meaning in the workplace, and meaning-centred interventions. Each chapter e...

Partial table of contents: SKILL ACQUISITION.Levels of Performance Skill: From Beginners to Experts (C. Wrisberg).Skill Acquisition During Childhood and Adolescence (K. Thomas, et al.).Attention (B. Abernethy).Expert Performance in Sport and Dance (J. Starkes, et al.).PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH LEVEL PERFORMANCE.Modeling: Considerations for Motor Skill Performance and Psychological Responses (P. McCullagh & M. Weis).Personality and the Athlete: Challenges and Promises for the Next Decade (Y. Auweele, et al.).Self--Efficacy Beliefs of Athletes, Teams, and Coaches (D. Feltz & C. Lirgg...

Preface. Part I: Introduction. 1. Definitions and Distinctions. 2. Examples of Measures of Subjective Well Being. 3. Motives Underlying Subjective Well Being. Part II: Inter-domain Strategies. 4. Bottom-up Spillover. 5. Top-down Spillover. 6. Horizontal Spillover. 7. Compensation. Part III: Intra-domain Strategies. 8. Re-evaluation Based on Personal History. 9. Re-evaluation Based on Self-concept. 10. Re-evaluation Based on Social Comparison. 11. Goal Selection. 12. Goal Implementation and Attainment. 13. Re-appraisal. Part IV: Inter- and Intra-domain Strategies. 14. Balance. Index. About the ...

This groundbreaking book provides a refreshing introduction to the field of leadership and is jam-packed with theoretical and practical insights derived from a wealth of applied scientific research conducted by the authors and their colleagues around the world over the last three decades. It starts from the premise that leadership is never just about leaders. Instead it is about leaders and followers who are joined together as members of a social group that provides them with a sense of shared social identity – a sense of "us-ness". In these terms, leadership is understood as the process throu...

Originally published in 1976, this title deals with the problem of how we tell left from right. The authors argue that the ability to tell left from right depends ultimately on a bodily asymmetry, such as preference for one or the other hand, or dominance of one side of the brain. This has implications for child development, reading disability, navigation, art, and culture.

Crossing cultures can be a stimulating and rewarding adventure. It can also be a stressful and bewildering experience. This thoroughly revised and updated edition of Furnham and Bochner's classic Culture Shock (1986) examines the psychological and social processes involved in intercultural contact, including learning new culture-specific skills, managing stress and coping with an unfamiliar environment, changing cultural identities and enhancing intergroup relations. The book describes the ABCs of intercultural encounters, highlighting Affective, Behavioural and Cognitive components of cross-c...

The second edition of this textbook provides a thoroughly revised, updated and expanded overview of social psychological research on aggression. The first part of the book covers the definition and measurement of aggression, presents major theories and examines the development of aggression. It also covers the role of situational factors in eliciting aggression, and the impact of using violent media. The second part of the book focuses on specific forms and manifestations of aggression. It includes chapters on aggression in everyday life, sexual aggression and domestic violence against childre...

Chapter 1: History, Methods and Approaches A History Research Methods Research Ethics Chapter 2: Attribution The Naive Scientist Attribution Theory Making Attributions Attributional Biases Attribution and Social Processes Social Representations Chapter 3: Social Cognition The Cognitive Miser Versus the Naive Scientist Heuristics The Motivated Tactician Social Categorization Dual Process Theories Chapter 4: Attitudes Attitude Formation Attitudes and Behaviour Attitude Change Chapter 5: Social Influence Social Norms Confirmity Minority Influence Obedience Social Impact Theory Chapter 6: Group Pr...

First published in 1989, The Psychology of the Female Body examines the role of the female body in women's identity and experience. She discusses how key events such as menarche, menstruation, pregnancy, and the menopause affect women's lives, and looks at the ways in which the female body and reproduction have been used to confine and control women. She puts forward psychological evidence to refute many of the myths surrounding women's bodies, highlighting how empirical evidence shows that, contrary to what stereotypes suggest, women are not victims of their biology. This book will be of inte...

Psychology of Prejudice and Discrimination provides a comprehensive and compelling overview of what psychological theory and research have to say about the nature, causes, and reduction of prejudice and discrimination. It balances a detailed discussion of theories and selected research with applied examples that ensure the material is relevant to students. This edition has been thoroughly revised and updated and addresses several interlocking themes. It first looks at the nature of prejudice and discrimination, followed by a discussion of research methods. Next come the psychological underpinn...

Web Site The interested reader is urged to contact the author and join a Pragmatic Psychology Dialogue Group at the following web site: http://www.rci.rutgers.edu/~dfishman/ "At long last, a tightly reasoned, thoroughly grounded treatise showing that complex social programs can be understood far more profoundly and usefully than past mindsets have allowed." -- Lisbeth B. Schorr , author of Common Purpose: Strengthening Families and Neighborhoods to Rebuild America "Fishman creates a new paradigm for advancing clinical science. Every mental health professional aspiring to be accountable and a s...

This review covers theory and research on the psychological characteristics and consequences of attitudes that are experienced as moral convictions, that is, attitudes that people perceive as grounded in a fundamental distinction between right and wrong, and concludes with a new domain theory of attitude moralization.

It is argued that the roots of cross-cultural variation often lie in the past, and to understand not only how but also why psychology varies, the authors need to grapple with cross-temporal variation.

A LARGER JURISDICTION FOR PSYCHOLOGY. Introduction: Toward a Psychology of Health. What Psychology Can Learn from the Existentialists. GROWTH AND MOTIVATION. Deficiency Motivation and Growth Motivation. Defense and Growth. The Need to Know and the Fear of Knowing. GROWTH AND COGNITION. Cognition of Being in the Peak-Experiences. Peak-Experiences as Acute Identity-Experiences. Some Dangers of Being-Cognition. Resistance to Being Rubricized. CREATIVENESS. Creativity in Self-Actualizing People. VALUES. Psychological Data and Human Values. Values, Growth, and Health. Health as Transcendence of Env...

American racism is alive and well. In this essay, we amass a large body of classic and contemporary research across multiple areas of psychology (e.g., cognitive, developmental, social), as well as the broader social sciences (e.g., sociology, communication studies, public policy), and humanities (e.g., critical race studies, history, philosophy), to outline seven factors that contribute to American racism: (a) Categories, which organize people into distinct groups by promoting essentialist and normative reasoning; (b) Factions, which trigger ingroup loyalty and intergroup competition and thre...

This review synthesizes the latest advances in the psychology behind consumption of luxury objects and experiences and proposes that the psychology of luxury consumption is governed by a set of tensions between what luxury means to the self and the external forces that define luxury consumption.

Contrary to a common narrative whereby politics drives susceptibility to fake news, people are 'better' at discerning truth from falsehood (despite greater overall belief) when evaluating politically concordant news.

The motivational and epistemic causes of (in)effective giving are reviewed and the need for research on strategies to encourage effective giving is underscored.

The difficulties that occur in defining the concept, structure, and classification and ensuring the diagnosis and development of various types of social organization are analyzed and the reliability of the organizational (corporate) security system is associated with overcoming these difficulties.