Top Research Papers on Water Pollution

Tiny aquatic plants from the Lemnaceae family, commonly known as duckweeds, are often regarded as detrimental to the environment because of their ability to quickly populate and cover the surfaces of bodies of water. Due to their rapid vegetative propagation, duckweeds have one of the fastest growth rates among flowering plants and can accumulate large amounts of biomass in relatively short time periods. Due to the high yield of valuable biomass and ease of harvest, duckweeds can be used as feedstock for biofuels, animal feed, and other applications. Thanks to their efficient absorption of nit...

The agricultural industry uses substantial amounts of water (the highest in the world) mostly for irrigation purposes. Rapid population growth and, consequently, growing demand for food have increased the use of pesticide to have higher yield for crops and other agricultural products. Wastewater generated as a result of excessive use of pesticides/herbicides in agricultural industry is becoming a global issue specifically in developing countries. Over 4,000,000 tons of pesticides are currently used in the world annually and high concentrations above their threshold limits have been detected in...

: This study aims at defining a methodology to evaluate K s reductions of gravel material constituting CW bed 11 matrices. Several schemes and equations for the Lefranc’s test were compared by using different gravel sizes and at 12 multiple spatial scales. The falling-head test method was implemented by using two steel permeameters one impervious 13 (IMP) and one pervious (P) on one side. At laboratory scale, mean K values for a small size gravel (8-15 x 10 -2 m) 14 measured by the IMP and the P permeameters were equal to 19466 m/d and 30662 m/d, respectively. Mean K s values for a 15 big size...

The study was carried out to assess the pollution, impact, and risk level to the surface water environment of pollutants in the water bodies of Soc Trang province, Vietnam. The parameters for evaluating surface water quality and risks included temperature, pH, TSS, DO, BOD, COD, NH4+-N, NO2--N, NO3--N, PO43--P, Cl-, Fet, and coliform. Surface water samples were collected at 35 locations with a frequency of six times (February, April, June, August, October, and December) in 2022. The water quality index (WQI), impact and risk level (risk quotient or RQ, RQ-F), correlation analysis, and principa...

Water pollution is an urgent and formidable global concern that presents substantial risks to both ecosystems and human well-being. A wide variety of substances, including industrial discharges, agricultural effluent, and urban wastewater, contribute to water contamination. It is critical to comprehend the origins and consequences of water pollution to devise efficacious measures to alleviate its effects. This article presents a comprehensive examination of the issues linked to water pollution, investigates contemporary strategies employed to tackle this ecological predicament, and deliberates...

The Citarum River is a strategic river in Indonesia, but has poor water quality.  The existing pollution control program has no impact on the river’s water quality, because it uses a regulatory approach and prioritizes industrial sources. To improve the quality of the river, every pollutant source needs to reduce the pollution load discharged into the river based on the ability of the river to receive pollution. The purpose of this study was to measure pollution load allocation based on the total maximum daily load (TMDL) of the river. The results show that non-point sources contribute the ...

India is notorious for high inequality and high water pollution. There is a growing body of literature that says inequality is harmful to the environment, but it does not receive strong empirical support. We discuss some econometric problems that may have caused mixed findings in the empirical literature and use appropriate tools to overcome the problems. Our empirical results using Indian time-series data show (i) that inequality leads to an increase in water pollution, (ii) that the magnitude of inequality is nearly as large as that of corruption, suggesting that reducing inequality is alm...

The correct detection and quantification of pollutants in water is key to regulating their presence in the environment. Biosensors offer several advantages, such as minimal sample preparation, short measurement times, high specificity and sensibility and low detection limits. The purpose of this review is to explore the different types of optical biosensors, focusing on their biological elements and their principle of operation, as well as recent applications in the detection of pollutants in water. According to our literature review, 33% of the publications used fluorescence-based biosensors,...

The government of Bangladesh should take necessary steps to prevent river water pollution and to take appropriate steps to improve the existing pollution of the rivers.

A Simple Water Extraction Apparatus with Pollutant Shielding (SWEAPS) can extract clean water from polluted water sources and ambient air.

Marine pollution, including heavy metals, is prevalent in Indonesian waters. Previous studies have found evidence of Pb, Cd, Hg, Al and Fe metal contamination in sediments and green mussels. This study used survey research. Heavy metal pollution is increasingly accumulating so that if it is not controlled it is feared that it will have an impact on public health, especially people who live around the coast. The research method was conducted using survey techniques. This study aims to estimate the burden of heavy metal pollution in the ocean. The research was conducted in 5 (five) areas of Indo...

In 1973 the total amount of money expended on advertising in the United States approximated $25 billion. Although the annual volume of television advertising has demonstrated an astonishing increase since 1950, and although radio advertising, particularly on local stations, has recovered substantially from the initial impact of television, expenditures in the broadcast media still represent slightly less than 25 percent of all advertising monies. The balance is spent in an attempt to capture the public's attention by printing messages and illustrations in newspapers and periodicals, on billboa...

Global consumption of freshwater has increased six fold over the past 100 years and has been increasing by about 1% annually since the 1980s and water quality is facing serious challenges due to increasing water consumption.

The entry of pollutants into the water bodies has deteriorated the quality of freshwater which led to the occurrence of water pollution. The factors of water pollution due to natural processes are climate change and natural disasters. The anthropogenic activities that affect water quality are urbanization, development of infrastructures, industrial applications, agricultural activities, and sediment runoff. The severity of water pollution is measured using physical, chemical, and biological parameters. For biological parameters, metagenomics analysis is associated with bioinformatics in detect...

The topic of water contamination is one of the significant studies that, because of its great effect on the lives of humans, animals and plants alike, has attracted the attention of researchers and those interested in the environment. It is not less harmful than contamination of the air and soil, but more closely linked to them. The research centered on the study of the notion of pollution in general, then the notion of water pollution and its sources. In addition to groundwater contamination, there have been many pollution processes, the most important of which are biological, physical, and b...

Purpose. To determine of the level of pollution of the Dnieper water area with microplastics and to develop recommendations for its reduction. The methodology of research. Water samples of the Dnieper River after filtration at the sampling site through a cotton filter were examined in the laboratory using a microscope Andonstar AD106S. The average particle sizes of microplastics, median, mode and the nature of the distribution of the set of values were determined by the methods of mathematical statistics. The concentration of microplastics in river water samples within the central part of the ...

Water is an essential element for human life but is being wasted and made unsafe due to anthropogenic activities and pollution. In Bangladesh, both surface water and groundwater are being polluted due to the rapid growth of urbanisation and industrialisation, and most importantly, arsenic contamination and industrial waste are affecting the potability of this natural resource. Bangladesh is a highly polluted country that faces a scarcity of clean water, despite having an abundance of water sources. This article presents a range of examples of existing environmental pollution in Bangladesh befo...

The thrust of the Water pollution report system is to provide an instant and accurate solution for water testing and analysis to its users which can range from lab researchers, health department and health workers.

Preventive actions must be undertaken swiftly at domestic, industrial, and governmental levels to reduce this pervasive threat through regulated waste disposal practices and advanced purification technologies.

Water demand continues to increase, while its availability was increasingly limited due to pollution. Therefore, the issue of legal sanction in the management of water resources was interesting to be examined because of the void of norm related to the sanction of administrative, civil and criminal sanction in Article 87-120 of Act Number 32 of 2009. So, this research was qualified into normative legal research with legal material from result of library research. The type of administrative legal sanctions were more effectively applied to protect water resources from pollution. Administrative Le...

School of Geography, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA LEHNA Laboratoire d’ecologie des hydrosystemes naturels et anthropises, University of Lyon, France School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA

The most common disease caused by water pollution is diarrhea, which is mainly transmitted by enteroviruses in the aquatic environment, and governments should strengthen water intervention management and carry out intervention measures to improve water quality and reduce water pollution’s impact on human health.

This review synthesizes data from various studies published in national and international journals, as well as reports from governmental and non-governmental organizations to establish links between multiple sources of pollution, their toxicity to human health, and approaches to health risk assessment.

With the development of social economy, a large number of pollutants such as heavy metals enter water bodies. Artificial wetlands have emerged with unique advantages in removing water pollutants, like removing the phosphorus or sodium, especially suitable for developing countries. Wetland aquatic plants have a large biomass and high organic content. Using aquatic plants as raw materials for anaerobic fermentation can not only produce biogas as bioenergy, but also achieve effective disposal of aquatic plants, avoiding secondary pollution and waste of biomass resources. Based on previous researc...

This study was conducted to identify microplastics (MPs) in drinking water from various sources in İstanbul that are known to pose potential health risks. One hundred drinking water samples were analysed. Samples were filtered with a glass filter (Ø: 1.0 μm). After filtration, microscopy was used, followed by SEM-EDS and ATR-FTIR identification to characterise MPs. Two shapes (fibers and fragments) and eight polymer types of MPs (ethylene propylene, neoprene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, vinyl chloride vinyl acetate copol...

The preparation of the River Basin Management Plan includes an assessment of the human pressure by polluting substances. This paper suggests a methodology for calculating the total budget of nutrients in the river basin using the balance method. We assessed the supply of nutrients from various sources within the catchment area. Point sources include emissions from urban areas as well as industrial and agricultural enterprises. Diffuse sources are divided into those determined by natural background (emission from territories covered by forests, grass vegetation, direct atmospheric depositions o...

Drinking water source is an important guarantee of domestic water for urban residents, which has been affected mainly by non-point pollution and aroused widespread concern in various countries. However, with the change of underlying surface types, there are significant differences in pollution control strategies. In this study, two pollution control strategies were proposed for two typical underlying surface conditions with high-density built-up water source and agricultural water source, respectively. It is considered that the high-density built-up area can be divided into ecological area and...

This study analyzed the cost implications of using suitable technologies and the cost of inaction when addressing water pollution. This was achieved by developing three main models for the costs (model one) and benefits (model two and model three). The first model accounts for the operational costs of adopting suitable technologies, namely the use of diatomaceous earth for textile wastewater treatment. The second model analyzed the cost of inaction through analyzing the cost of treatment for water pollution-related diseases for the affected population. The occurrence and cost of treatment for ...

On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the new COVID-19 disease a pandemic. Most countries responded with a lockdown to reduce its effects, which brought beneficial consequences to the environment in many regions, but the pandemic also raised a series of challenges. This review proposes an assessment of the COVID-19 pandemic positive and negative impacts on water bodies on different continents. By applying a search protocol on the Web of Science platform, a scientific bank of 35 compatible studies was obtained out of the 62 open-access articles that were initially accessible....

The study was carried out to assess surface water quality and ecological risks in water bodies in the southern region of Vietnam. The study used monitoring data at 58 locations, which were collected in March, May, June, July, August, October, November, and December of 2022, with 11 water quality parameters (temperature, pH, DO, TSS, BOD, COD, NH4+-N, NO3--N, Fe, Pb, and Cd). Comprehensive pollution index (CPI), ecological risk level, and multivariate statistical analysis methods were utilized. The values of CPI showed that the surface water quality was mildly polluted, moderately polluted, and...

As a result of anthropogenic impact, significant changes occur in the morphometric, hydrological, chemical and other characteristics of water bodies, which in turn leads to changes in the structure, productivity and condition of aquatic ecosystems. Pollution of water bodies is the result of anthropogenic activities that lead to negative consequences - deterioration of water quality, threat to water bodies, deterioration of life and health of people. In order to monitor the water ecosystems of Akmola region, the research team took water samples from water bodies (Nura, Ishim Rivers of the Repub...

Water is an essential part of every living thing on this plant. It is essential in such a way that every biotic function relies on it. Water is used in agriculture, consumption and fishery. For plants, it is necessary for photosynthesis, their food-making process, while for human and animals; it is necessary for digestion, blood circulation, temperature modulation and many others. It is therefore impossible for life to continue without it. Though the world is composed entirely of water, almost three-fourths of earth, only a small fraction of the entirety of it is available for consumption. Acc...

Bioremediation is a process to remove or detoxify contaminant present in the environment by certain biomolecules or biomass to bind and concentrate selected ions or other molecules.

The results of studies of river water of the Vladimir city district for the content of heavy metals conducted in August 2022 are presented and the anionic-cationic composition of water is analyzed. It is shown that a number of heavy metals (lead, iron, cadmium, zinc, copper and vanadium) and ions (ammonium, magnesium, sulfates, nitrates, fluorides, phosphates) in water samples of the rivers of the city district exceed hygienic and fishery standards, which is due to both human economic activity and regional specifics of the geochemical composition of water-bearing rocks and features of groundwa...

The results suggest that the HSI has the capacity to enhance the effectiveness of water pollution detection compared to the RGB model.

While microplastics (MPs) are globally prevalent in marine environments, extending to the Arctic and sub-arctic regions, the extent and distribution of MPs in terrestrial waters, drinking water sources, and recreational...

Unplanned population growth in urban cities has largely caused unplanned habitations called slums. Due to various complexities, service providers are unable to provide basic amenities, i.e., water, roads, sanitation, and sewerage in these slums. Water, being the basic need for human survival, is either managed by these residents by extracting groundwater or the minimum required water is provided by the government through water tankers or tube wells. In the absence of sewerage facilities, sewage is discharged directly into stormwater drains, rivers, ponds, lakes, etc. It contaminates the fr...

A review of literature on various kind of waste from industries which are exploiting the aquatic life and its control measures along with the description of Ganga's pollution due to sectors describe in this review paper. In Cleveland’s Cuyahoga River, the fire was observed in 1969 due to the pollution by industrial wastes. This river was not polluted before the industrial wastes. Water constitutes more than half of our planet, and it is getting polluted day by day due to different causes including human activities, one of the most limelight is industrial chemicals and wastes. Generalize view o...

This study investigates three aspects to assess the water quality using three indicators (WQI)–CCME WQI, British Colombia, and a weighted index, and testing the hypothesis of the existence of a monotonic trend of the series of eight water parameters of the Brahmaputra River recorded for 17 years at ten hydrological stations.

• Pollution: Degradation of water quality, how far it departs from the norm (standard), its effects on public health or its ecological impacts. • Pollutant: Biological, physical or chemical substance that in identifiable excess is known to be harmful. Exp.: Excessive amounts of heavy metals, certain radioactive isotopes, fecal coliform bacteria, phosphorous, nitrogen, sodium, certain pathogenic bacteria and viruses.

In response to an alleged Communist coup in Indonesia on 1 October 1965, ambassadors Sir Keith Shann (Australia), Sir Andrew Gilchrist (United Kingdom), and Marshall Green (United States) initiated anti-Communist propaganda campaigns. In conjunction with the Indonesian army, these campaigns helped to underpin the rationale for widespread, army-coordinated anti-Communist repression throughout Indonesia. Through a careful re-examination of Australian archival materials regarding Indonesia between October 1965 and February 1966, this article provides a detailed, transnational chronology of propag...

Membrane separation play a crucial role in current increasingly complex energy environment. Membranes prepared by metal-organic framework (MOF) materials usually possess unique advantages in common, such as uniform pore size, ultra-high porosity, enhanced selectivity and throughput, and excellent adsorption property, which have been contributed to the separation fields. In this comprehensive review, we summarize various design and synthesized strategies of free-standing MOF and composite MOF-based membranes for water treatment. Special emphases are given not only on the effects of MOF on membr...

Microplastics have been widely detected in the natural water environment, which brings inevitable risks to the water ecosystem and human health. However, the understanding of the potential impact of microplastics on aquatic animals, plants, and human health is still limited, and technical methods to control microplastic pollution in natural water are still rare. Hence, this paper summarizes the progress of research on microplastic pollution in water systems in terms of microplastic source, attributes, distribution characteristics, environmental effects, and prevention and control methods accor...

T h e P o r t o f L o n d o n A u t h o r i t y is u n i q u e in field of p o l l u t i o n c o n t r o l , b e i n g t h e o n l y p w e r s of t h E i n t i d a l s t r e a m s in T h e L y.

Baihe River is located in the Sichuan Basin, southwest China. (PHOTO: CFP) Shenzhou13 Taikonauts Complete First ExtravehicularMission Taikonauts Zhai Zhigang and Wang Yaping have completed their extravehicular activities (EVAs) and returned to the space station core module Tianhe, the China Manned Space Agency said on November 8. It also marks the first EVAs in Chinese space history involving a female taikonaut. Top 10 Scientific Issues in 2021 Unveiled The top 10 scientific issues of human society development in 2021 were released at the third World Science and Technology Development Forum. F...

Very appropriate, therefore, are the words which Professor Crew has caused to be carved at the entrance of this institute, which I now formally declare to be opened: " To the advancement of science anid to the service of manikind this btuilding is dledicated."

Water pollution is a major problem in the global environment. This necessitates continuing assessment and review of water resource policy at all levels. The main objectives of this article are to investigate major sources of water pollution, water resource policies and challenges to improve water quality in Malaysia. The findings indicate that the major problem associated with water pollution is that human heart and kidneys can be adversely affected if polluted water is consumed regularly. Other health problems associated with polluted water are poor blood circulation, skin lesions, vomiting, ...

Dyes, antibiotics, heavy metal ions, and bacteria are important sources of water pollution. How to solve these issues has become a problem in the fields of science and technology. People have developed a variety of technologies to treat pollutants in water. Photocatalytic technology came into being. As a simple and environmentally friendly treatment technology, it has been widely studied by the scientific community. Traditional powder photocatalysts cause secondary pollution to the environment and are not conducive to recycling. Therefore, large specific surface area and reusable membrane phot...

: Man-made pollution and environmental degradation pose a severe challenge to all Sri Lankans. The main water resource problems in Sri Lanka are due to various human activities such as agriculture, fossil fuel combustion, urbanization, and industrial and commercial activities. Areas in every province where waste is not managed are causing a severe environmental problem due to the unnecessary pollution of its water by various pollutants.

Water is a finite resource necessary for life and sustainable development. Ethiopia has considerable potential for freshwater resources in East Africa. All living beings depend on water for growth and upkeep, and it is essential for supporting environmental balance and biodiversity. Ethiopia does not able to offer clean water to half of its population, and it does not make good use of its water resources. Many Ethiopians who live in urban areas strug-gle to have access to a consistent and adequate quantity of drinking water. Only a small number of city dwellers have access to enough of clean w...