Visualization of ONOO^– and Viscosity in Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity with Different Fluorescence Signals by a Sensitive Fluorescent Probe

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Abstract

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is considered gradually as a serious public health issue, and hepatotoxicity has been regarded as the main clinical problem caused by it. We suspected that both the intracellular viscosity and peroxynitrite (ONOO^-) levels in drug-induced hepatotoxicity tissue are higher than those in a healthy liver. For this reason, we have presented a fluorescent probe <b>VO</b> for multichannel imaging viscosity and ONOO^- simultaneously. Experimental results showed that <b>VO</b> has satisfactory detection performance for both viscosity and ONOO^-, and based on the advantages of its lower cytotoxicity and pH-stabilities, <b>VO</b> was successfully employed to image viscosity and ONOO^- in living cells and animals. More importantly, we use the probe to successfully showcase drug-induced hepatotoxicity by imaging viscosity and ONOO^- induced by acetaminophen (APAP). All the results indicate that <b>VO</b> has great potential for the detection of viscosity and ONOO^- and to assay drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Overall, this work offers a new detection tool/method for a deeper understanding of drug-induced organism injury.