Top Research Papers on Immunology

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive malignancy and is the most common type of malignant lymphoid neoplasm and includes morphologically and molecularly heterogeneous disease subtypes.

Preclinical and clinical data related to the importance of immune responses to radiotherapy-induced anti-tumor effects, as well as blockade of immune checkpoints PD-1/PD-L1 and/or CTLA-4 in combination with radiotherapy are reviewed.

It is hoped that the knowledge gained from this COVID-19 research will be applied in studies of inflammatory processes involved in critical and chronic illnesses, which remain a major unmet need.

Overall, the most geographically widespread Lineage 2 and Lineage 4 are more virulent than other lineages that are more geographically restricted and are associated with delayed or reduced pro-inflammatory host immune responses, greater severity of disease, and enhanced transmission.

Recent developments in systems immunology are reviewed that help to reveal key factors mediating protective immunity and are essential for the development of more effective vaccines to prevent future pandemics.

Hosts can either resist an infection by eventual clearance, or tolerate the consequences of parasitism, and thus leads to various outcomes in terms of specificity, response delay and strength, or the formation of memory.

An effector mechanism in the human immune system is identified: production of IFNγ–induced apolipoprotein L3 (APOL3) in epithelial cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts that acts like a detergent, extracting lipids from membranes of bacteria in the cytosol, killing the bacteria.

Evidence supporting different immunomodulating cell-based technology relative to cancer therapy in vaccines and targeted therapies, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors, in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with advanced disease is reviewed.

The perspective summarizes the interaction of biomaterials with immune cells and the underlying mechanisms to control immunoregulation in a top-down manner, providing solid inspiration for biomedical applications of immunologically effective biomMaterials.

Expanding the arsenal of endometriosis treatment by immunotherapy is promising due to the significant contribution of immunological factors and the limitations of current treatment methods.

An overview on recent technological developments of metabolomic applications in immunological research and guidance to researchers using metabolomics and multiomics in immunity research is provided, thus facilitating the application of systems immunology to disease research.

The role of innate and adaptive immunity in the pathogenesis of acute and chronic wounds is discussed, and the latest immunomodulatory therapeutic strategies, including modifying macrophage phenotype, regulating miRNA expression and targeting pro- and anti-inflammatory factors to improve wound healing are reviewed.

A review of the distinct relationships between microbial metabolites and the differentiation and function of the immune system highlights the distinct relationships between microbial metabolites and the differentiation and function of the immune system.

There have been observations that led researchers to state that platelets/thrombocytes are capable of serving as “professional antigen presenting cells” expressing CD40, CD80/86, MHC I, and MHC II, and this indeed may be the case or, more likely, provide supporting evidence that these cells aid and assist in the role of professional antigen-presenting cells to initiate adaptive immune responses.

This review characterises venom-derived compounds as a source of immune modulating drugs for treatment of disease and discusses established venom-associated immunopathology, including allergy and systemic inflammation.

It is discussed how the imbalance in the immune response can be deleterious to the kidneys and how immunomodulation can be important in preventing end-stage renal disease.

The Department of Immunology and Microbiology offers diversified programs leading to the Doctor of Philosophy degree and is actively engaged in individual and collaborative research in the areas of immunology, virology, and bacteriology.

The role of dendritic cell vaccines in different solid tumors with their strengths and weaknesses are reviewed, and new trends to improve the efficacy of this immune strategy are mentioned.

A comprehensive review of the available clinical and pre-clinical literature on the immune response in TTS is provided, in an effort to not only better understand the pathophysiology of TTS but also to generate insights on the treatment of patients with this disorder.

The concept that the immune system in pregnancy is a “unique complexity” since on one hand it has to tolerate the paternal antigens present in the fetus, while maintaining an active protective mechanism against microbial infections is introduced.

The current state of testing of NMs including those that are in clinical use, in clinical trials, or under development are described and the cellular and molecular interactions that dictate their toxicity and biocompatibility are discussed.

The multi-step process deviating protective to pathogenic immunity offers an array of interception points that provide opportunities for the prevention and therapeutic management of this devastating autoimmune disease.

Vitreous hyalocyte functions have only recently been explored in-depth and it is demonstrated that despite similarity to other myeloid cell populations such as microglia and monocyte-derived macrophages, hyalocytes possess a distinct expression profile and molecular signature.

Covid vaccines were well tolerated and no significant cause for concern was reported up in Pakistan’s Covid vaccine surveillance system concluding overall benefits outweighed risks.

Several of the mechanisms that support healthy maternal–fetal immune interactions specifically at syncytiotrophoblast interfaces are reviewed and summarized.

Professor Sylvie Lesage, Research Director at the Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont in Montreal whose career has spanned Canada and Australia researching immunogenetics and autoimmune disease, talks with Professor Adrian Liston about Immunology, intercultural academic experiences and opportunities in Montreal and its neighbors.

Since then, several important discoveries have launched a renaissance of research into the field of immunology, and many episodes based on the mechanisms of cause and effect were brilliantly documented.

The textbook "Clinical Immunology and Allergology" covers modern data on the phenomena, mechanisms of development, physiological changes in immunological reactivity, metabolic immunity, as well as on the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of immunodeficiency, allergies, immunosuppressive and immunoassociated non-infectious and infectious diseases. It consists of eight sections, 33 chapters, intermediate and final control tests, an electronic handbook of methods for assessing immune status, infections, immunotropic, antiallergic and other medications. Meets the requirements of the federal sta...

Evidence suggests that regulated immune reactivity to endogenous retroelements is integral to immune system development and function, underpinning cancer immunosurveillance, resistance to infection, and responses to the microbiota.

There are gaps in the complete understanding of the camel immune system and questions remain regarding innate recognition mechanisms, the functional characterization of antigen-presenting cells, and the characterization of camel NK and cytotoxic T cells.

Low-grade gliomas (LGGs), which harbor an isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation, have a better prognosis than their high-grade counterparts; nonetheless, they remain incurable and impart significant negative impacts on patients' quality of life. Although immunotherapies represent a novel avenue of treatment for patients with LGGs, they have not yet been successful. Accurately selecting and evaluating immunotherapies requires a detailed understanding of LGG tumor immunology and the underlying tumor immune phenotype. A growing body of literature suggests that LGGs significantly differ in their...

In this review, the literature on management of dermatophytoses is reviewed to bridge the gap in therapeutic recommendations and improve the quality of care for patients with chronic infections.

This work presents a meta-analysis of 125 cases of athlete’s foot in Bordeaux over a 10-year period from 1997 to 2002 showing clear trends in prognosis and in particular in the cases of meningitis and scrotal cancer.

It is suggested that ANLN can be used as an onco-immunological biomarker and could serve as a hallmark for tumor screening, prognosis, individualized treatment design, and follow-up.

The immunologic diagnostic methods related to antibody and antigen detection are focused on since their evidence is presumptive diagnosis, and in some mycoses, such as cryptococcosis, it is definitive diagnosis.

A sensitive mass spectrometry-based immunopeptidomics approach was used to characterize the antigenic landscape of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and was able to identify immunogenic peptides presented by both leukemia stem cells and bulk primary AML blasts.

The LPS recognition system, main findings related to the IRF3, and finally immunological gaps in sepsis are summarized.

Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianji 300060, China.

The broad impact of glycans on the immune system is reviewed and the changes and clinical opportunities associated with the onset of immunologic disease are discussed.

Nanotechnology uses the unique properties of nanostructures with a size of 1 to 200 nanometers to better respond to a wide range of infectious and non-infectious diseases.

Recent studies that highlight the complex physiological interplay between immune responses and metabolism are discussed and an overview of technological developments that bear the promise of capturing this complexity most directly and comprehensively are given.

The emerging understanding of how SARS-CoV-2 and host-derived molecules activate specific pattern recognition receptors to elicit protective interferon responses and pathological cytokine responses is discussed, with particular focus on acute infection of the lung and lung pathophysiology in critical COVID-19.

Clinical & Experimental Immunology is among the foremost journals in this field, attracting high quality papers from all parts of the world, and makes it vital reading for anyone working in clinical immunology.

Evidence suggests that a significant proportion of cases within this clinical condition develop debilitating or disabling symptoms, and urgent priority should be given to further studies on this condition to equip global public health systems for its management.

An in-depth exploration of the critical mechanisms underlying sepsis, spanning from individual immune cells to a holistic organ perspective, and further down to the epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming is offered.

A better understanding of the role of vitamin A in non-ruminant nutritional immunology could have significant implications for animal health and productivity and could inform the development of effective dietary strategies to optimize immune function and prevent diseases in swine and domestic fowl.

Health of farmed fish and shellfish deserves a top priority and immunology needs to start taking aquaculture more seriously, so some challenges and many opportunities are found.

This Special Issue comprises original articles in the field of clinical studies whose major topics concern the genetic and immunological aspects of miscarriage and pre-eclampsia, the isolation of decidua macrophages and Hofbauer cells in the placenta for diagnostic purposes, and epigenetic mechanisms that trigger labor [...].

Preclinical and clinical findings underpinning NASH as an immunologically distinct pro-tumorigenic disease entity are discussed, and areas of potential therapeutic vulnerabilities in NASH-associated HCC are explored.

The available data from the field of nutritional immunology is presented to elucidate the complex and dynamic relationship between nutrients and the immune system, the delineation of which will lead to optimized nutritional regimens for disease prevention and patient care.