Top Research Papers on Juvenile Delinquency

This Primer by Martini and colleagues summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), the most common chronic inflammatory rheumatic condition of childhood, and reviews future research directions to improve patient care.

Although the understanding of the role of ADHD in the development of criminal behavior has substantially improved during the last two decades, more research is needed to further elucidate the mechanisms generating unfavorable outcomes and to engender adequate treatment strategies for this population at risk.

An estimated 3 million children and young people globally are currently living with either clubfoot, JIA or JSLE; many in Asia and Africa.

An overview of advances in understanding of JIA pathogenesis focusing on aetiology, histopathology, immunological changes associated with disease activity, and best treatment options is provided.

Objective To provide updated guidelines for pharmacologic management of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), focusing on treatment of oligoarthritis, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthritis, and systemic JIA with and without macrophage activation syndrome. Recommendations regarding tapering and discontinuing treatment in inactive systemic JIA are also provided. Methods We developed clinically relevant Patient/Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes questions. After conducting a systematic literature review, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approa...

High-throughput sequencing revealed that seed-transmitted fungi and bacteria appear to make up the majority of juvenile crop plant microbial populations by abundance, and based on occupancy, there seems to be a pan-angiosperm seed- transmitted core bacterial microbiome.

Way practitioners and researchers may use these analyses when implementing prevention programming and how the field of meta-analysis should more frequently utilize the partial correlation are discussed are discussed.

The results obtained indicate that work at the level of juvenile resilience leads to the strengthening of positive mental health indicators and buffering of negative indicators.

Overall, nano-PS exposure was harmful for the health of juvenile fish, which might threaten their population in the long term.

It is demonstrated that GLY induces hepatotoxicity in fish through involvement of oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and lipid metabolism disorder, which are intimately interrelated with each other during GLY exposure.

Investigation of the capability of ultra-high dose rate FLASH-radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) to protect the radiosensitive juvenile mouse brain from normal tissue toxicities found it to ameliorate radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction in multiple independent behavioral paradigms, preserve developing and mature neurons, minimize microgliosis and limit the reduction of the plasmatic level of growth hormone.

An activation pattern in parvalbumin-positive interneurons in the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex that when activated promotes sociability behaviours in mice is identified and linked to long-term impacts on social behavior.

Drosophila-associated bacteria not only fortify the host’s diet with essential nutrients but, in specific instances, functionally compensate for host auxotrophies by either providing a metabolic intermediate or nutrient derivative to the host or by uptaking, concentrating, and delivering contaminant traces of micronutrients.

Although lipid peroxidation in liver was reversible, juvenile fish in NPs treatments exhibited a lower survival rate than the control during both exposure and recovery and impacts of NPs on fishery productivity should be considered.

Molecular analyses suggest a previously unidentified developmental transition dependent on the growth state of juvenile P. dumerilii leading to substantially increased germline expansion.

It is shown that juvenile social isolation disrupts prefrontal neurons projecting to the paraventricular thalamus and associated prefrontal somatostatin interneurons, and thereby impairs sociability in adulthood.

The findings revealed the size-dependent ingestion and accumulation of smaller MPs (0.45-3 µm) in fish tissues even after a short-term exposure, and that significant oxidative alterations were highly correlated with MPs size range.

Through integrated biomarkers response index (IBR) of guppy, it was found that catalase activity was the highest index in response to MPs, and the response of growth performance to MPs was lower than that of oxidative stress and element alteration.

It is indicated that low concentrations of nanoplastics (5 mg/L) may enhance the viability of juvenile shrimp, whereas high concentrations (10,20, 40 mg/ L) have inhibitory and/or toxic effects.

The present systematic review was the first to review the evidence on the associations between polyVictimization (as measured by the JVQ) and child and adolescent psychopathology in the global research literature and showed that polyvictimization is a substantial risk factor for mental health problems spanning both inner-directed and outer-directed mental health difficulties.

Evidence is presented that pristine short-term exposure to even low concentrations of PS-MPs has a significant impact on biomarker responses in O. mykiss.

High protein level, high protein digestibility and high amount of digestible EAAs of TM and TMd suggests that Tenebrio molitor larvae meals are the most promising protein sources tested for European sea bass, with potential to replace fishmeal without impairing nutrient digestibility.

To preserve children’s rights, their mental health and development, without putting community health at risk, is a challenge that competent authorities have to face.

The present study is pioneer in providing insight on how MPs can affect young freshwater fish at environmental concentrations, because it is essential knowing the magnitude of these pollutants' impact on the ichthyofauna.

Evidence is synthesized on the prevalence of mental disorders in adolescents in juvenile detention and correctional facilities and sources of heterogeneity between studies that found higher prevalences of ADHD and conduct disorder in investigations published after 2006 that should be given to reviewing whether health care services in Juvenile detention can address these levels of psychiatric morbidity.

The breakdown product of the rubber tire antioxidant N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD)-6-PPD-quinone has been strongly implicated in toxic injury and death in coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in urban waterways. Whereas recent studies have reported a wide range of sensitivity to 6PPD-quinone in several fish species, little is known about the risks to Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), the primary prey of endangered Southern Resident killer whales (Orcinus orca) and the subject of much concern. Chinook face numerous conservation threats in Canada and th...

The results suggest an involvement of microglia in Dp(16)-mouse cognitive deficits and identify a new potential therapeutic approach for cognitive disabilities in DS individuals.

Recommendations are the first consensus for the diagnosis and management of children and adults with Still’s disease and emphasised the key role of expert centres for difficult-to-treat patients.

It is suggested that MPs could retain in the gut of juvenile guppy, impair digestive performance, stimulate immune response and induce microbiota dysbiosis in guppy gut.

The primary endpoint was not met, and thus the results do not support a phase 3 trial of tocilizumab in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis-associated uveitis, although tocilzumab might still be a therapeutic option in some children with Uveitis refractory to anti-TNF drugs, given the absence of other treatment options.

The degree of liver damage increased with increasing stress time and was most serious at 96 h, and a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the impact of ammonia exposure on fish is provided to provide a foundation for managing the healthy reproduction of juveniles.

Dietary supplementation of astaxanthin in HFD improved the growth performance, antioxidant ability and immune response of largemouth bass and decreased hepatosomatic index and intraperitoneal fat ratio of fish fed HFD.

The data generated in this study clearly demonstrated that HCD induced ERS and oxidative stress, which promoted intestinal inflammation and apoptosis in juvenile largemouth bass.

Lidprotein transport and cholesterol synthesis related mRNA levels were significantly increased in fish fed high fat diets containing BA, and the crude lipid of muscle gradually decreased with increasing supplementation of BA.

Dietary nano-Se supplement could effectively alleviate intestinal injury of juvenile grass carp by improving intestinal barrier function and reducing intestinal inflammation and oxidative stress and these positive effects may be due to the regulation of nano- Se on intestinal microbiota and the subsequently increased beneficial SCFA levels.