Top Research Papers on Renewable Energy Sources PDF

Exploitation of renewable energy sources for power generation has been more and more important in recent years. This results from the economic issues and the measures taken to ensure the energy security. The aim of this research was to determine the significance of renewable energy sources (RES) in the energy mix of Poland, and to elicit the opinions and the level of knowledge of the society on the use and development of non-conventional energy. The article also presents advantages and disadvantages of types of RES, the obstacles which hinder the progress of green energy in Poland, and the pro...

This study provides a high-level overview of alternative energy sources that can be harnessed to power agricultural operations, focusing on renewable energy technologies. When thinking about the overall economy around the globe, agriculture is vital. Energy is required at each step of production, from fertilizer production to fueling tractors for planting and harvesting. The high energy prices and unpredictable energy market significantly affect the input energy costs. Energy efficiency methods, when properly applied, and the use of farm’s renewable energy sources could assist agricultural pro...

The research study concludes by engaging renewable energy technologies with the least operational and externality cost that is the utmost choice in the future of Pakistan’s economy.

The main objective of this review is to analyze and evaluate desalination technologies and RES (solar, wind, hydropower, geothermal, and biomass) that could be combined as an integrated process and to discuss social-economic factors, environmental concerns, current challenges, and future research areas.

Meeting the rising energy demand and limiting its environmental impact are the two intertwined issues faced in the 21st century. Governments in different countries have been engaged in developing regulations and related policies to encourage environment friendly renewable energy generation along with conservation strategies and technological innovations. It is important to develop sustainable energy policies and provide relevant and suitable policy recommendations for end-users. This study presents a review on sustainable energy policy for promotion of renewable energy by introducing the devel...

Many policy analysts believe that once electricity from renewable energy becomes less expensive than electricity from fossil fuel, new renewable energy facilities will be built quickly across the United States. Cost-effective renewable energy has largely been achieved, but there appear to be substantial barriers to building new renewable energy facilities. We identified 53 utility-scale wind, solar, and geothermal energy projects that were delayed or blocked between 2008 and 2021 in 28 U.S. states. Using multi-level qualitative analysis, we have identified seven key sources of opposition. Of t...

The world’s ever-increasing population, combined with economic and technological growth and a new, modern way of life, has led to high energy demand and consumption. Fossil fuels have been the main energy source for many years, but their use has many negative impacts on the environment. This has made the transition to renewable energy sources necessary in order to address climate change and meet the 1.5 °C goal. This paper is a review of the different types of renewables, their potentials and limitations, and their connection to climate change, economic growth, and human health. It also examin...

Energy communities is a new, but already successful prosumer model of the local energy systems' construction. It is based on distributed energy sources and the electricity consumers' flexibility who are the members of the community. In search of the most effective ways to interact within themselves and with the external energy system, local energy communities become platforms for exciting experiments in the field of new energy practices including local markets for flexibility, building cooperative microgrids, achieving energy autonomy, and many others. This work aims to present a unified appro...

Renewable energy (RE) is the key element of sustainable, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective electricity generation. An official report by International Energy Agency (IEA) states that the demand on fossil fuel usage to generate electricity has started to decrease since year 2019, along with the rise of RE usage to supply global energy demands. Researches on RE technologies are continuously growing in order to enhance the performance of RE generation, especially in term of energy conversion efficiency. The aim of this review paper is to understand and study further the current RE tech...

This study seeks to evaluate potential solutions to Pakistan's energy shortages based on a renewable green hydrogen source provided by geothermal, wind, biomass, and solar energy. To this end, the application of multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) and the Fuzzy-analytical hierarchical process was tested on four primary criteria: social acceptance, economic, commercialization, and environmental. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used to analyze the development of hydrogen energy using existing renewable sources under the set parameters. Based on results from the fuzzy-led DEA study, th...

Abstract Wind power, solar power and water power are technologies that can be used as the main sources of renewable energy so that the target of decarbonisation in the energy sector can be achieved. However, when compared with conventional power plants, they have a significant difference. The share of renewable energy has made a difference and posed various challenges, especially in the power generation system. The reliability of the power system can achieve the decarbonization target but this objective often collides with several challenges and failures, such that they make achievement of the...

Nowadays, the growing world population, climate change, pollution, rising consumer demand, and resource exploitation have contributed to a freshwater shortage. Hence, water desalination is heavily used for freshwater production. Meeting water demands in a cost-effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly manner requires the right combination of renewable energy and desalination technology. In this paper, an extensive review of various renewable energy-based desalination technologies is presented. The different types of energy like wind, solar thermal and photovoltaic, geothermal, wave an...

Simulation results illustrate that the proposed energy optimization model optimizes the performance of smart microgrid in aspects of operation cost, pollution emission, and availability compared to the existing models with/without involvement in hybrid DRPS and IBT.

India is the fifth economic power in the World, and 20% of its GDP is contributed by the agriculture and allied sector. The agricultural sector entails various activities involving land preparation, irrigation, crop growth, harvesting, food processing, etc. For meeting the current agricultural energy demand in India, renewable solar energy has come up as a prime energy source that can reduce the farmer’s dependency on the use of conventional energy sources. The regular usage of fossil fuels leads to its depletion and releases considerable CO2 into the atmosphere. It is estimated that 4600 GW o...

Renewable energy sources (RESs) such as wind and solar are frequently hit by fluctuations due to, for example, insufficient wind or sunshine. Energy storage technologies (ESTs) mitigate the problem by storing excess energy generated and then making it accessible on demand. While there are various EST studies, the literature remains isolated and dated. The comparison of the characteristics of ESTs and their potential applications is also short. This paper fills this gap. Using selected criteria, it identifies key ESTs and provides an updated review of the literature on ESTs and their applicatio...

A comprehensive review is conducted on artificial intelligence applications in regards to optimisation system configuration, and energy control strategy, along with the applicability of different energy storage technologies.

Microgrids with hybrid renewable energy sources are increasing and it is a promising solution to electrify remote areas where distribution network expansion is not feasible or not economical. Standalone microgrids with environment-friendly hybrid energy sources is a cost-effective solution that ensures system reliability and energy security. This paper determines the optimal capacity, energy dispatching and techno-economic benefits of standalone microgrid in remote area in Tamilnadu, India. Microgrids with hybrid energy sources comprising photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), battery energy st...

The article presents an analysis of the statistical relationship between the determinants of and barriers to the development of renewable energy sources (RESs) in the macroeconomic system and the development of renewable energy source consumption in individual European Union countries. The article considers four key categories of RES development barriers in the European Union: political, administrative, grid infrastructural, and socioeconomic. The work is based on publicly available historical data from European Union reports, Eurostat, and the Eclareon RES Policy Monitoring Database. The empi...

The energy transition literature assumes that renewable energy sources are more evenly distributed globally than fossil fuels. This assumption implies that the shift from fossil fuels to renewables will enable more countries to pursue energy self-sufficiency and end their dependence on imported energy. However, if the assumption is wrong, the energy transition will depend on transboundary electricity or hydrogen trade, creating new international relationships and opportunities for both cooperation and conflict. The contribution of this study is to test the assumption of the even distribution o...

This study evaluates the effect of renewable, non-renewable energy consumption and economic growth on unemployment rate across 51 US states over the period 1977–2017. We applied a fixed effect model and a Seemingly Unrelated Regression Equations (SURE) model, which allows for an unknown form of cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity. While the results of the fixed effects model indicate the negative and positive effects of non-renewable and renewable energy consumption on the unemployment rate, respectively, mixed results were received by employing SURE model at the state level. By...

This review paper summarizes the fundamental concepts of electrodialysis technology and its integration with renewable energy sources such as photo electrodianysis, photovoltaic assisted electrodiaysis, reversible electrodialsysis/electrodialesis and wind energy-driven electrodIALysis.

The accurate power generation forecast of multiple renewable energy sources is significant for the power scheduling of renewable energy systems. However, previous studies focused more on the prediction of a single energy source, ignoring the relationship among different energy sources, and failing to predict accurate power generation for all energy sources simultaneously. This paper proposes a hybrid framework for the power generation forecast of multiple renewable energy sources to overcome deficiencies. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is developed to extract the local correlations among...

Abstract Hydrogen has emerged as a promising energy source for a cleaner and more sustainable future due to its clean-burning nature, versatility, and high energy content. Moreover, hydrogen is an energy carrier with the potential to replace fossil fuels as the primary source of energy in various industries. In this review article, we explore the potential of hydrogen as a part of the global energy mix and the current state of its development. The majority of hydrogen production currently occurs through steam methane reforming, which produces significant greenhouse gas emissions and limits the...

Issues related to depletion of conventional fuel resources and environmental concerns have become the driving force to explore an environment friendly, renewable, economical and sustainable alternate energy source. Huge quantities of agriculture biomass are being produced globally which can be transformed to biofuels by utilizing various procedures. However, issues such as environmental damages and competing uses of agriculture biomass need to be investigated factually considering the short as well as long-term acuity considering its effect on the soil and conversion to biofuels. This review p...

The global landscape of energy production is undergoing a profound transformation as nations grapple with the imperatives of sustainable development and climate change mitigation. This paper encapsulates a comprehensive review of Energy Transition Policies, specifically focusing on the global shift towards renewable energy sources. The paper delves into the myriad policy initiatives adopted by countries worldwide to transition from conventional fossil fuel-based energy systems to cleaner and more sustainable alternatives. The analysis explores the diverse motivations driving these energy trans...

Although a few studies have analyzed the nexus of renewable energy and green finance, the literature lacks the use of renewable energy by sources. The other major failure is that it uses only annual and small data. Therefore, this study investigates the connectedness and spillovers relationship between green finance and five types of renewable energy (biofuels, fuel cell, geothermal, solar, and wind) by applying the novel TVP-VAR method of Balcilar et al. [1] to the daily indexes from July 31, 2014, to Feb 4, 2022. The results show that dynamic connectedness, both total and pairwise, is hetero...

With the emergence of renewable energy sources (RESs), the power grid all over the world is going through a paradigm shift. Traditional rotating synchronous generators are being replaced by inverter-based RESs, and this trend is expected to continue in the coming years. Consequently, the inertia of the grid is gradually decreasing, which can pose significant challenges on grid frequency stability. This paper assesses the impact of integration of inverter-based RESs on grid frequency response through eigenvalue analysis of low-inertia power grids. Also, this study quantifies this impact by anal...

Load scheduling, battery energy storage control, and improving user comfort are critical energy optimization problems in smart grid. However, system inputs like renewable energy generation process, conventional grid generation process, battery charging/discharging process, dynamic price signals, and load arrival process comprise controller performance to accurately optimize real-time battery energy storage scheduling, load scheduling, energy generation, and user comfort. Thus, in this work, the virtual queue stability based Lyapunov optimization technique (LOT) is adopted to investigate real-t...

This article reviews the achievement of EMSs in the EV system reducing fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emission and focuses on the up-to-date and state-of-the-art standards of EV technology, energy resources, charging topologies and infrastructure, EMS classification, power conditional units, and electric load management.

This study analyzes the impact of renewable energy on energy security risk for 23 OECD countries over the 1985–2016 period using second generation panel data techniques. To our knowledge, this study is the first to empirically analyze the impact of renewable energy sources on energy security risk for OECD countries. According to the findings obtained from the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimates for OECD countries, we have concluded that wind, hydroelectric, and total renewable energy reduce energy security risk, whereas biomass and solar sources do not have a significant effect on energy secu...

Existing power grids (PGs) and in-home energy management controllers do not offer its users the choice to maintain comfort and provide a bearable solution in terms of low cost and reduced carbon emission. This work is based on energy usage scheduling and management under electric utility and renewable energy sources i.e., solar energy (SE), controllable heat and power (CHP) and wind energy (WE) together. Efficient integration of renewable energy sources (RES) and battery storage system (BSS) have been suggested to solve the energy management problem, reduce the bill cost, peak-to-average ratio...

Recent global environmental concerns have called for efforts to promote the transition of energy sources toward renewable energy, particularly in emerging countries that prioritize high economic growth. One missing aspect in environmental studies is that renewable energy is composed of traditional and modern ones, where the former could induce environmental and health problems, and the latter could solve them. Accounting for different types of renewable energy, this study evaluates the energy mix evolution in relation to a country's development level (proxied by real GDP per capita) for 23 eme...

This study examines the impact of energy consumption and usage of fossil sources (e.g., oil, gas, coal), nuclear energy, and renewable energy on carbon dioxide (CO2) emission by considering the significance of the environmental degradation for countries as well as people. In this context, the top five countries that produce more than 50% of total CO2 in the world are examined. Besides, yearly data from 1965 to 2019 is used. Moreover, multivariate adaptive regression splines is applied for empirical analysis. The results indicate that (i) coefficients of determination (R2) of the best predictio...

Renewable energy sources (RES) have significant potential to contribute to the economic, social and environmental energy sustainability. They improve access to energy for most of the population, they also reduce emissions of local and global pollutants and they may create local socioeconomic development opportunities. The inevitable increase in population and the economic development that must occur in many countries have implications for the environment. This is because energy generation processes are harmful and therefore pollutes the ecosystem. Energy is considered to be a key player in the...

The recent advancement of daytime subambient radiative cooling materials are reviewed, which allow energy-efficient cooling and are paving the way toward technologies that harvest the coldness from the universe as a new renewable energy source.

Several challenges in the integration process of high-level RESs to the existing grid are summarized and the respective solutions to each challenge are presented and discussed.

Renewable energy is the most promising solution to the rising problem of greenhouse gas emissions, and it also contributes to environmental protection. A typical electrical grid is a unidirectional system that converts just one-third of the fuel energy into electricity and does not recover waste heat. Almost 8% of its output is lost via transmission lines and 20% of its capacity exists primarily to meet peak demand. Smart grids are controlled power networks that provide several benefits such as expansion and effective management of renewable energy sources. The present review provides an elabo...

This paper highlights a comprehensive study of optimised controller approaches concerning the RES integration into MGs and their classification in terms of structure, characteristics, operation, constraints, functions, cost, pros and cons.

Renewable Energy (RE) decentralisation has become a means towards energy sustainability due to the revolution in blockchain technology. RE sources have undergone remarkable growth as a result of the privatisation of the energy industry and the boost in incentives and policy initiatives on energy. As supply and demand are affected by a sudden change in weather conditions, a new set of challenges in how electricity systems are managed and operated have emerged. Therefore, a level of flexibility measures for safety and stability is required. Blockchain as an emerging technology is regarded as an ...

This paper provides first empirical evidence on the effect of geopolitical risks in fossil fuel supplier countries on renewable energy diffusion in fossil fuel importing countries and the mediating roles of rising electricity prices and high import dependence. For this end, aggregate measures of geopolitical risk that countries are exposed to through fossil fuel imports are determined. This is done by combining detailed data on bilateral trade patterns for coal, oil, and natural gas of 37 countries in Europe with that on geopolitical risks in supplier countries. Using an instrumental variable ...