Top Research Papers on Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune inflammatory disease that mainly affects the joints and periarticular soft tissues. In this Seminar, we provide an overview of the main aspects of rheumatoid arthritis. Epidemiology and advances in the understanding of rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis will be reviewed. We will discuss the clinical manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis, classification criteria, and the value of imaging in the diagnosis of the disease. The advent of new medications and the accumulated scientific evidence demand continuous updating regarding the diagnosis ...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive inflammatory disorder that manifests as a symmetric polyarthritis of small and large joints that may lead to joint and periarticular structural damage and the consequences of systemic inflammation. This overview of early RA examines the unmet needs and challenges in RA, how to best diagnose RA, and pitfalls in early diagnosis and treatment. The rules for referral to a rheumatologist are reviewed. Primary care physicians are at the front line of early diagnosis and need to start disease-modifying therapy as soon as a diagnosis of RA is establi...

DMARDs are currently used to suppress immune abnormalities and to control disease activity and have been shown to prevent the progression of joint destruction and physical dysfunction over a long period.

The unmet needs and challenges in RA, how to best diagnose RA, and pitfalls in early diagnosis and treatment are examined.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a heterogeneous disease, which can be, based on data combining genetic risk factors and autoantibodies, sub-classified into ACPA-positive and -negative RA. Presence of ACPA and RF as well as rising CRP-levels in some patients years before onset of clinical symptoms indicate that relevant immune responses for RA development are initiated very early. ACPA are highly specific for RA, whereas RF can also be found among healthy (elderly) individuals and patients with other autoimmune diseases or infection. The most important genetic risk factor for RA development, the shared...

This review identifies the most significant genetic variants associated with RA susceptibility to date, with particular focus on the contribution of the HLA class II genes across different ethnic groups.

The next frontier in RA is the development of curative interventions, for example, reprogramming T cell defects during the period of asymptomatic autoimmunity, discusses how the progressive loss of immune cell tolerance underlies the immunopathology associated with rheumatoid arthritis.

There is a strong protective effect for the risk of autoantibody-positive RA associated with HLA-DRB1*13 alleles, and understanding of the specific mechanisms in the development of increased risk of RA for these variations is work in progress.

Recently described immunologic mechanisms that drive breach of tolerance, chronic synovitis, and remission are reviewed.

ExemptiaTM (Adalimumab) should be discontinued in cases where a new serious infection or sepsis develops, and appropriate antifungal or antimicrobial therapy should be initiated to control the infection.

Researchers conclude the latest analysis to effectively comprehend the ultimate pathogenicity of rheumatoid arthritis, as well as the functions of probiotics, specifically Lactobacillus casei or LactOBacillus acidophilus, in the treatment of RA in therapeutic and diagnostic reports are concluded.

Investigating the potential pathogenic effector functions of autoantibody isotypes and their molecular- and physicochemical-compositions might improve understanding of the disease origin and its underlying immunological processes and may lead to the development of new therapeutic targets and strategies.

Evidence-based treatment for fatigue includes treatment of underlying disease activity, exercise programmes and supervised self-management programmes with cognitive-behavioural therapy, mindfulness and reinforcement (such as reminders), and specific programmes for exercise and behavioural interventions are not standardised.

The main immunologic aspects that make anti-IL-6 a good candidate in RA are discussed, but despite the main therapeutic options available to target IL-6, no gold standard treatment has been established so far.

A comprehensive perspective on the management of RA is offered, by centralizing the existing data provided by significant literature, emphasizing the importance of an early and accurate diagnosis associated with optimal personalized treatment in order to achieve better outcomes for RA patients.

This review summarizes the substantial progress that has been made in understanding the pathophysiology of systemic and local bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis.

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common immune mediated inflammatory diseases. People with rheumatoid arthritis present with pain, swelling, and stiffness that typically affects symmetrically distributed small and large joints. Without effective treatment, significant joint damage, disability, and work loss develop, owing to chronic inflammation of the joint lining (synovium). Over the past 25 years, the management of this condition has been revolutionized, resulting in substantially higher levels of disease remission and better long term outcomes. This improvement reflect...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease that predominantly affects the joints. The prevalence of RA varies globally, with generally a higher prevalence in industrialized countries, which may be explained by exposures to environmental risk factors, but also by genetic factors, differing demographics and under-reporting in other parts of the world. Over the past three decades, strong trends of the declining severity of RA probably reflect changes in treatment paradigms and overall better management of the disease. Other trends include increasing RA prevalence. Common risk fact...

A disease‐specific metabolic signature is yielded, which enables naive CD4 T cells to differentiate into pro‐inflammatory helper T cells that are prone to invade into tissue and elicit inflammation through immunogenic cell death.

Clinical guidelines and implementation of cardiovascular risk management in daily clinical practice, as well as unmet needs and areas for further investigation, will be discussed.

The unmet needs and challenges in RA, how to best diagnose RA, and pitfalls in early diagnosis and treatment are examined.

A systematic analysis of current literature found that conventional DMARDs along with glucocorticoid may be best suited for early RA cases and a combination of conventional and targeted DMARDs could be effective for treating seronegative patients with moderate to high RA activity.

The gut–joint axis in RA is discussed and the potentially pathogenic role of gut-derived immune cells in the joints is discussed, suggesting that modulation of intestinal microbiota and/or intestinal barrier function might be useful in preventing or treating RA.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic systemic inflammation causing progressive joint damage that can lead to lifelong disability. The pathogenesis of RA involves a complex network of various cytokines and cells that trigger synovial cell proliferation and cause damage to both cartilage and bone. Involvement of the cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6 is central to the pathogenesis of RA, but recent research has revealed that other cytokines such as IL-7, IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CS...

The current status of PM in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the management areas of diagnosis, prognosis, selection of therapy, and decision to reduce therapy is discussed.

The relationship between different factors involved in the development of osteoporosis in RA patients, both the classic factors and the most novel, are unraveled, based on the relationship of autoantibodies with bone remodeling.

In patients with rheumatoid arthritis refractory to biologic DMARDs, upadacitinib was superior to abatacept in the change from baseline in the DAS28-CRP and the achievement of remission at week 12 but was associated with more serious adverse events.

The epidemiology, pathophysiology and identification of rheumatoid sarcopenia is discussed, and evidence for the therapeutic roles of physical activity, nutrition and pharmacotherapy is presented and the unmet need for anti-sarcopenia pharmacotherapies is great.

The literature is reviewed to assess the efficacy and safety of RA therapies in this age group and a tailored approach that can be adopted in clinical practice is suggested, based on the disease severity and risk profiles of elderly RA patients.

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease manifested primarily as inflammatory arthritis, typically involving the small joints of the hands and feet. It can lead to severe disability and death.

Angiogenesis is an early and key event in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and is crucial for the proliferation of synovial tissue and the formation of pannus. This process is regulated by both angiogenesis-stimulating factors and angiogenesis inhibitors, the basis for the “on-off hypothesis of angiogenesis.” In RA, inflammation, immune imbalance, and hypoxia can further turn on the switch for blood vessel formation and induce angiogenesis. The new vasculature can recruit white blood cells, induce immune imbalance, and aggravate inflammation. At the same time, it also can provide ...

The inflammation-targeting, inherent contrast and therapeutic activity of this new albumin-cerium oxide nanoparticle may make it a relevant agent for assessing severity in RA, and other inflammatory diseases, and controlling inflammation with image-guidance.

The proposed EULAR definition for difficult-to-treat RA can be used in clinical practice, clinical trials and can form a basis for future research.

The effect of formulation composition on the physiochemical properties of these nanocarriers in terms of particle size, surface charge, drug entrapment and also drug release profile are discussed thus providing a landscape of topically used nanoformulations for symptomatic treatment of RA.

New therapeutic approaches targeting different inflammatory pathways and innate immune cells will be highlighted here and the significant roles of innate lymphoid cells and inflammasomes will be also discussed.

Drivers of fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) heterogeneity in inflamed joints of patients with rheumatoid arthritis are explored using paired single-cell RNA and ATAC sequencing, multiplexed imaging and spatial transcriptomics along with in vitro modeling of cell-extrinsic factor signaling.

It is advocated that all clinically used assays for RF and ACPA should be aligned to a common diagnostic specificity of 98-99% compared to healthy controls, and represents a specificity that is higher than what is customary for most RF assays.

The common features between ferroptosis and the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are discussed, therapeutic applications of ferroPTosis regulators in preclinical and clinical research are evaluated, and critical issues worth paying attention to are raised.

In order to summarize the possible pharmacological mechanisms of MTX in the treatment of RA, this review will elaborate on folate antagonism, promotion of adenosine accumulation, regulation of inflammatory signaling pathways, bone protection and maintenance of immune system function.

An overview of the most prevalent and important EMs and comorbidities associated with rheumatoid arthritis is provided to help physicians manage RA disease activity and monitor risk factors and concomitant conditions.