Top Research Papers on Vaccines

Worldwide, it has been estimated that immunisation programs prevent approximately 2.5 million deaths each year. An additional 1.5 million deaths could be avoided, however, if global vaccination coverage improves. Global vaccination coverage is generally holding steady. The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on immunization identified 5 factors to achieving results in immunization coverage: quality and use of data, community involvement, better access to immunization services for marginalized and displaced populations, strong health systems, access to vaccines in all places at all times. Monit...

The introduction of newer vaccines have often resulted in increased access to new and old vaccines in most documented cases which has resulted in necessary changes in the health and medical management practices in India.

It is reported that recipients of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine show no evidence of infection by endogenous avian retroviruses, even though viral genomes and reverse transcriptase activity have been detected in vaccine preparations.

The first field trial of Sabin vaccine in Japan was undertaken in Nagaoka City in 1960 and the following is the outline and results of the trial.

The web based pediatrics vaccination system (I-VACCI) will be an advantage to manage the vaccination that given to the pediatrics and it benefits to various parties.

Redness and swelling at the site of inoculation were most commonly observed side reaction of JE vaccine, especially after the second injection, however, they were transitory and mild in most cases.

Underestimation of the odds ratio of HPV vaccination due to healthy vaccinee bias is limited, and the claim that the supposedly high odds ratio in the Nagoya Study was masked by a healthy vaccinee bias is invalid.

This abstract corresponds with the following slides: https://f1000research.com/slides/6-699, presented at Medecins Sans Frontieres UK Scientific Days: Innovation 2017.

Preliminary results obtained in this study revealed that one year after a single subcutaneous immunisation with influenza A H3N2 virus in an oil-based carrier, Vaxcine(TM) produced a high immunoglobulin G response that lasted for up to one year and exhibited less variation in titre compared with the response of the control group treated with alum.

The report presents evidence of the transmission of hpv-77 derived rubella vaccine virus from vaccinees to two susceptible contacts, one of which was to a child who served as a transmission control on a "closed" study ward, and the second was to an antibody-negative mother in an "open" family study.

This panorama explores pertinent historical trends starting with Alfred Russel Wallace (1823-1913) who was born the year Edward Jenner died and was the co-discover of the concept of natural selection.

The presentation would allude to the “known unknowns and unknown unknowns” in the TB pathogenesis portraying the need for elucidating the differences in the immune response between people exposed to TB who never become sick and those who develop TB in normal situations as well as in the context of HIV/AIDS.

The issue of vaccination for HIV-positive persons is discussed and it is noted that live virus or live bacteria vaccines with the exception of measles- mumps-rubella should never be given to individuals with HIV infection.

La vaccination consiste a proteger un individu d'une maladie en stimulant son systeme immunitaire, par administration d'unes forme attenuee ou inactivee d'un agent infectieux.

A comprehensive, second-level, normative ethical approach provides contextual appropriateness and an adequate continuity with ethical traditions that are helpful to address vaccine hesitancy and create therapeutic alliances to address challenges presented by the pandemic.

The case report describes a varicella death in an unvaccinated, previously healthy 15-year-old adolescent, which was found on a routine review of vital statistics records, and should remind us of the importance of catch-up vaccination of older children and adolescents to preventvaricella and serious complications later in life.

One area where it is challenging to allow parents to parent according to their own conscience is the issue around vaccine refusal.

The impending elimination of paralytic polio emphasizes how effective vaccines can be in preventing infectious diseases, and newer technologies involved in production of human monoclonal antibodies likely will increase the range of diseases that are amenable to therapy by passive reagents.

A physical assay which illustrates the concept of herd immunity with differing levels of vaccinations within a population and approximates a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), enabling students to better understand that technique and how it is used to diagnose disease as well as the interrelation between antigens and antibodies.

Preliminary studies conducted in the laboratory with infectious disease vaccines such as TB, typhoid, influenza, pneumonia, meningitis and hepatitis B vaccine antigens suggest that this delivery system is highly suitable for antIGens to be used for protective immunity.

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Table 1 lists infections for which there are now licensed vaccines and those for which a candidate vaccine has undergone a phase 3 clinical trial, indicating that a vaccine will probably be licensed within 5 to 10 years.

There is (urgent) need for the Ministry of Health and Social Services to be consistent in issuing hands on statements timeously to the public at every step of the crisis/pandemic development.

It is concluded that Section 361 allows for a federal vaccine mandate and a framework for determining when aFederal vaccine mandate is a reasonable and necessary measure is recommended.

Reverting mutations in attenuating determinants, suppressor mutations, mutations in antigenic sites and genomic recombination in strains isolated from VAPP cases has supported the view that host factors are also involved in the establishment of the disease.

Influenza is a common disease which causes considerable morbidity and mortality. In an attempt to decrease the morbidity and mortality associated with influenza, the influenza vaccine has been offered to children in England since 2013. However, uptake is low. Psychological factors, such as the perception that the vaccine causes adverse effects, negative vaccine beliefs and attitudes, lack of vaccine recommendation from healthcare providers, and perceived practical/logistical barriers to vaccination have been found to be associated with child influenza vaccine refusal in the UK. Public health c...

With a potential vaccine for COVID-19 currently being researched across the globe, George Winter examines how non-evidence-based views can lead to scepticism around the effectiveness of vaccination.

This article aims at giving an update on the currently available and future vaccines for the prevention of diarrhoea due to Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139.

The rationale for universal varicella immunisation was summarized and strongly advocated its implementation in developed countries and recent epidemiological data indicate that severe complications ofvaricella are uncommon in Europe.

The history, use and efficacy of the different types of vaccines against Mycobacterium avium subsp.

Both Ad4 and Ad7 can effectively induce anti-H1N1 immunity against a heterologous challenge using a centralized H1 gene, and the restoration of Ad7 transduction in CD46+ mice indicates that Ad7 may transduce a different subset of cells through alternative receptors in the absence of CD46.

Editor,—I am in complete agreement with Dr Aebi that strategies for delivering varicella vaccine effectively are critical to the success of immunisation programmes and despite the licensure of varICElla vaccine for routine use in the United States, great efforts are being made in this direction.

For a retired pediatrician, the present discussion about vaccinations after the Disneyland measles outbreak brings back a deluge of memories about how times and, yes, people have changed.

The final chapter looks into the future and concludes that for the principle of an integrated child health service... 'the goal of achieving this remains some way off'.

The symposia on vaccines gave an enlightening view of the clinical experience with old and new vaccines and their current recommendations for people of all ages and provided recommendations regarding the most appropriate approaches per country or per region.

Communicable diseases: the problem and some solutions Etiological agents of communicable diseases requiring new or improved human vaccines Mechanisms of pathogenesis Innate and acquired immune responses Immune responses to infectious and parasitic dis

Following the findings of English Royal Commission in 1896, "arm to arm" vaccination was replaced officially by the use of "bovine" vaccine.

Overall, it is found that most psoriasis and vaccine literature support immunization of this patient population, particularly with non-live attenuated vaccines; however, more studies are needed to fully develop a vaccine recommendation schedule for Psoriasis patients.

Nurse confidence in having these difficult conversations can help increase vaccination rates.

Obetrician-gynecologists should be proponents for universal hepatitis B immunization for all women, as advocates for the best health care for women, should not be satisfied with anything less.

Today, epidemic infectious diseases of children for which there are vaccines have virtually disappeared from industrialized countries such as the United States and a new field of microbiology and immunology has evolved, called “vaccinology,” that comprises not only vaccine development but also the use of vaccines and their effects on public health.

Cisapride decreases prolonged episodes of reflux in infants with reflux-associated bronchopulmonary disease and reduces neonatal postoperative ileus: randomised placebo controlled trial.

The present study conducted with the aim of finding the duration of PVA and evaluating the need for revaccination found that with the increase in age, there was a shift towards the smaller size of PPD, and significant correlation between BCG lesion and PVA was noted.

A 63-year-old female with Crohn's disease since age 16 years, and on adalimumab therapy, who inadvertently received a yellow fever vaccine (YFV) 4 days before her next dose of ad alimumab, who had never received YFV.

Five months after 2 siblings were immunized with varicella vaccine, 1 developed zoster and the second sibling got a mild case of chicken pox, and virus isolated from the latter was found to be vaccine type.

Results suggest it is necessary to strengthen information systems, health promotion, training, and daily vaccination without restrictive schedules, ensuring timely and adequate supply of vaccines.

The potential use of this antigen as a vaccine candidate against malaria blood forms, and open perspectives for the development of an experimental vaccine targeting erythrocytic and preery Throatcytic stages of the parasite are explored.

The evaluation of the vaccination programs indicates that an eff ective immunization program can be established in a county jail facility, and reach an extremely high risk population that is unlikely to access preventive health services outside the jail.

The present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one Toll-like receptor ligand and at leastOne peptide that relates to the use of such a pharmaceutical preparation and also relating to a method of vaccination.

Conditional parameters like transmission probability and secondary attack rate can provide vaccine effect estimates with less bias and the public health impact of vaccination can be defined by measurements such as “population prevented fraction, population preventable fraciton”.