Top Research Papers on Vaccines

COVID-19 vaccination information campaigns should promote group strategies, focusing on emphasising the safety of the vaccine and offer reassurance, especially to women.

Exposure to misinformation and believing it as true could increase vaccine hesitancy and reduce behavioral intention to get vaccinated, according to findings across these studies.

We evaluate the impact of government-mandated proof of vaccination requirements for access to public venues and non-essential businesses on COVID-19 vaccine uptake. We find that the announcement of a mandate is associated with a rapid and significant surge in new vaccinations (a more than 60% increase in weekly first doses), using the variation in the timing of these measures across Canadian provinces in a difference-in-differences approach. Time-series analysis for each province and for France, Italy and Germany corroborates this finding. Counterfactual simulations using our estimates suggest...

One in 5 children in the United States have a parent who is vaccine hesitant, and hesitancy is negatively associated with childhood influenza vaccination.

Overall, influenza vaccines are effective against morbidity and mortality in all age and risk groups, especially in young children and older adults, however, the effectiveness is dependent on several factors such as the age of vaccinees.

This study estimated nurses’ influenza vaccination behaviors and intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine, and examined their corresponding 5C psychological antecedents (confidence, complacency, constraints, calculation, and collective responsibility).

The authors show that campaigns in which some age groups receive one dose while others receive both doses may be optimal, which suggests that it is imperative to determine the efficacy and durability of single-dose vaccines, as mixed or single- dose vaccination campaigns may have the potential to contain the pandemic much more quickly.

This commentary highlights several ways negative as well as positive emotions may be considered and leveraged in communication efforts, including attending to negative emotions such as fear and anxiety, raising awareness of emotional manipulations by anti-vaccine disinformation efforts, and activating positive emotions as part of vaccine education endeavors.

This work aimed to give a comprehensive update on available vaccines and vaccination against LSD, to better prepare affected and at-risk countries to control LSD and ensure the safe trade of cattle.

It is found that a vaccine with effectiveness ≥50% would be enough to substantially mitigate the ongoing pandemic, provided that a high percentage of the population is optimally vaccinated.

Economic hardship was a determinant of Hesitancy and lower education was a predictor of outright refusal without affecting hesitancy, and further explanations of socioeconomic inequities are needed even in universal healthcare systems.

It is concluded that there are strong ethical reasons to vaccinate the young to protect the old, provided that the risks imposed on children are reasonable, even if that implies using children as a means to protects the elderly and the vulnerable.

A snapshot of the advantages of VLP-based vaccines such as hybrid/mosaic VLPs over conventional vaccine approaches such as live-attenuated and inactivated vaccines is concluded.

COVAX’s pivot from global vaccine procurement mechanism to dose-sharing hub can be seen as a “ win-win-win” solution for COVAX itself, for donor countries (who could claim success by having access to more doses), and for the pharmaceutical industry (maintaining the status quo on intellectual property rights and protecting their commercial interests).

A vaccine, when available, will likely become our best tool to control the current COVID-19 pandemic. Even in the most optimistic scenarios, vaccine shortages will likely occur. Using an age-stratified mathematical model paired with optimization algorithms, we determined optimal vaccine allocation for four different metrics (deaths, symptomatic infections, and maximum non-ICU and ICU hospitalizations) under many scenarios. We find that a vaccine with effectiveness ≥50% would be enough to substantially mitigate the ongoing pandemic provided that a high percentage of the population is optimally ...

It is universally important that healthcare professionals and representative groups should be closely involved in policymaker and health authority decisions regarding the establishment and implementation of vaccine recommendations and interventions to address vaccine hesitancy.

It seems surprising that only seven of the nearly 100 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines currently in clinical trials are delivered intranasally, but advantages of these vaccines include needle-free administration, delivery of antigen to the site of infection, and the elicitation of mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract.

The available evidence suggests that promoting the prosocial aspect of vaccinations could be a vaccination communication strategy to improve vaccine uptake and test the boundary conditions of this approach and increase its effectiveness.

The inter-regional and individual country disparities in COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy highlight the importance of designing an efficient plan for the delivery of interventions dynamically tailored to the local population.

This cohort study assesses the association between baseline vaccine hesitancy and vaccine receipt at study follow-up and explores the validity of vaccine self-report.

An automated process for printing MNP Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccines in a standalone device is described and it is demonstrated that the resulting MNPs are shelf stable for at least 6 months at room temperature when assessed using a model mRNA construct.

The 4CMenB program was associated with continued positive effect against meningococcal group B disease in children in England, and protection after three doses of the vaccine was sustained for at least 2 years.

From Vaccine Nationalism to Vaccine Equity To help meet the global need for Covid vaccination, the United States could create a program that integrates global health needs into ongoing funding prio...

This review described the COVID-19 vaccines that are currently tested in clinical trials and provided in-depth insight into the various types of vaccines, their compositions, advantages, and potential limitations.

Preparations for introducing the COVID-19 vaccine should anticipate substantial hesitation and target concerns, especially among younger adults.

The question is posed: what will the vaccine hesitant do in the face of this pandemic?

Overall, the study participants had good knowledge about the coronavirus vaccine and accepted to take the vaccine, which indicates the highly commendable efforts to confront the coronvirus.

The pipeline of RSV vaccine development includes messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA), live-attenuated (LAV), subunit, and recombinant vector-based vaccine candidates targeting different virus proteins.

Investigating factors influencing COVID-19 vaccination intention in the United States offers insights on how to increase people’s vaccination intention and reduce their psychological concerns when making COVID-19 vaccine-related decisions.

A new computational system to discover and analyse novel vaccine targets leading to the design of a multi-epitope subunit vaccine candidate and studies are required to validate safety and immunogenicity of the vaccine.

This study in a nationwide mass vaccination setting suggests that the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine is effective for a wide range of Covid-19–related outcomes, a finding consistent with that of the randomized trial.

Results show that even if anti-vaccine narratives have a small persuasiveness, a large part of the population will be rapidly exposed to them, and more central nodes in the network, which are more exposed to these views, are more likely to adopt them.

A minimalist binary nanovaccine (BiVax) is designed that integrates innate stimulating activity into the carrier to elicit robust antitumor immunity and enables the fast preparation of personalized BiVax by compositing PEI‐4BImi with autologous tumor cell membrane protein antigens.

Third generation vaccines, including DNA, RNA and recombinant viral-vector vaccines, induce both humoral and cellular immune response, are economically manufactured, safe to use, and can be utilized to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals.

Findings suggest that some individuals experience more adverse effects after COVID-19 vaccination, but serious adverse effects are rare.

A communication campaign from trusted scientific experts, with information that addresses prevailing concerns about vaccines, is likely to help increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake.

No mechanisms have been demonstrated that could explain the correlation between vaccination and the development of autoimmune diseases, and epidemiological studies do not support the hypothesis that vaccines cause systemic autoimmune diseases.

Before coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) struck, cooperation on global health—especially for pandemic preparedness and response—would enhance national security, support economic wealth, protect human rights, and facilitate humanitarian assistance around the world.

Abstract Hepatitis B is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which infects the liver and may lead to chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HBV represents a worldwide public health problem, causing major morbidity and mortality. Affordable, safe, and effective, hepatitis B vaccines are the best tools we have to control and prevent hepatitis B. In 2019, coverage of 3 doses of the hepatitis B vaccine reached 85% worldwide compared to around 30% in 2000. The effective implementation of hepatitis B vaccination programs has resulted in a substantial decrease in t...

This review describes the factors that contribute to maximizing the production of effective mRNA vaccine transcripts and delivery systems, and the clinical applications are discussed in detail.