Preventing scientific misconduct.
American Journal of Public HealthPublished 1 January 1998
Douglas L. Weed
Citations84
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.93
SNIP1.60
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for the prevention of scientific misconduct based on models familiar to public health professionals, to discuss some problems that emerge from such an analysis, and to propose tentative solutions to those problems.
Abstract
Preventing scientific misconduct. D L WeedCopyRight https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.88.1.125 Published Online: October 07, 2011
Keywords
Social SciencesMedicineHealth Professions
JAMAUnderreporting Research Is Scientific Misconduct
556 Citations1990lain Chalmers
An extended use of prospective registration of trials at inception, as well as benefiting clinical research in other ways, could help people to play their respective roles in reducing underreporting of clinical trials.
Kennedy Institute of Ethics journalToward a Virtue-Based Normative Ethics for the Health Professions
293 Citations1995Edmund D. Pellegrino
Virtue-based ethics must be related conceptually and normatively to other ethical theories in a comprehensive moral philosophy of the health professions where agreement on the telos of the healing relationship is more likely to arise.
DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)Ethical Problems in Academic Research
231 Citations1993J. P. Swazey, Melissa S. Anderson +1 more
Annals of Internal MedicinePublish or Perish: A Proposal
185 Citations1986Marcia Angell
An effective way to reduce offenses and affirm the supremacy of substance over volume in scientific research would be to place a ceiling on the number of publications that can be considered in evaluating a candidate for promotion or funding.
Annals of Internal MedicineIrresponsible Authorship and Wasteful Publication
183 Citations1986Edward J. Huth
Wasteful publication may be the most frequent of these offenses and is probably the most damaging because of its economic implications for publishers, readers, libraries, and indexes.
BMJHow accurate are quotations and references in medical journals?
164 Citations1985Geoff Lacey, C. Record +1 more
Some suggestions for reducing high levels of inaccuracy are that papers scheduled for publication with errors of citation should be returned to the author and checked completely and a permanent column specifically for misquotations could be inserted into the journal.
New England Journal of MedicineSetting the Record Straight in the Breast-Cancer Trials
81 Citations1994Marcia Angell, Jerome P. Kassirer
In 1985 the Journal published a paper from the multicenter National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project showing that lumpectomy was as effective as mastectomy in the treatment of ear cancer.
Annals of Internal MedicineMisrepresentation of Academic Accomplishments by Applicants for Gastroenterology Fellowships
79 Citations1995Gail Sekas, William R. Hutson
A retrospective study of applications for gastroenterology fellowships submitted in a recent year to the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center found that two applicants had misrepresented research experience and publications.
BMJMisconduct in medical research: does it exist in Britain?
69 Citations1988S Lock
The author believes that the problem of plagiarism, misrepresentation, and fraud in British medical research is considerably larger than indicated by the survey, particularly in the area of drug trials in district hospitals without academic connections.
Annals of Internal MedicineFraud, Irresponsible Authorship, and Their Causes
69 Citations1986Robert G. Petersdorf
The pathogenesis of fraud in medical science is examined and remedies include more careful selection of personnel, reduction of excessively large research groups, and closer examination of work at all levels--the laboratory, the academic department, and the institution.
Annals of Emergency MedicineMisrepresentation of Research Publications Among Emergency Medicine Residency ApplicantsGurudevan & Mower
66 Citations1996Swaminatha V. Gurudevan, William R. Mower
Emergency medicine residency applications may contain misrepresented citations and the number of misrepresentations in this study increased as the numberof citations increased.
New England Journal of MedicineMisconduct in Medical Research
63 Citations1993John D. Dingell
The authors' sometimes misplaced sense of optimism is at its core an expression of confidence in science and the scientific method, and that honest intellectual inquiry can lead to theories.
Annals of Internal MedicinePressure to Publish and Fraud in Science
57 Citations1986Patricia Woolf
Pressure to publish is an overworked and ill-used phrase that encompasses at least two meanings: the pressure an individual scientist may feel, and the pressure exerted by the institutions of science.
New England Journal of MedicineScientific Misconduct in Investigations Drug Trials
53 Citations1985Martin F. Shapiro, Robert P. Charrow
JAMAThe Role of Data Audits in Detecting Scientific Misconduct
50 Citations1989Martin F. Shapiro
There was no evidence of a decline over time in the rate of detection of many categories of deficiencies, and some investigators were able to continue to participate in drug trials after flagrant violations of recognized norms of research.
Accountability in ResearchCharacter and the ethical conduct of research
44 Citations1992Edmund D. Pellegrino
Academic MedicineInstitutional structure to ensure research integrity
43 Citations1993C. K. Gunsalus
Institutional structures for monitoring accomplish far more than preserving institutional autonomy: they protect the principle of scholarly and scientific inquiry that is at the core of the institution's mission.
PEDIATRICSSalem Comes to the National Institutes of Health: Notes From Inside the Crucible of Scientific Integrity
43 Citations1992Herbert L. Needleman
The aim in reviewing these two topics is to provide a preventive road map to others and to reveal some inadequacies and inequities in the investigative process.
New England Journal of MedicineFraud in Biomedical Research
42 Citations1988Marcia Angell, Arnold S. Relman
Hearings to investigate the extent of fraud in biomedical research and the response of the scientific community to it suggested that the biomedical-research enterprise requires some sort of policing by the government and that researchers thought guilty should be thought guilty.
American Journal of EpidemiologyEXPOSURE OPPORTUNITY IN CASE-CONTROL STUDIES
42 Citations1986Charles Poole
It is shown that disparities of exposure opportunity between cases and controls exert no bias on estimates of the incidence rate ratio and such indicators are not confounders; therefore, they do not need to be controlled in the design or analysis of case-control studies.
JAMAScientific Misconduct
34 Citations1993Drummond Rennie
The good behavior of scientists might seem remote from the concerns of the physician, but the practice of medicine is based on science, which means that it is grounded on the integrity of the biomedical research community, and if medical editors unwittingly publish fraudulent work in journals, reputations are tarnished.
The Hastings Center ReportFraud in Science: How Much, How Serious?
31 Citations1981Patricia Woolf
In the spring and summer of 1980 four significant instances of malpractice in scientific research came to light, and details about fabrication of research data, alteration of patient records, and plagiarism of other scientists' work continue to emerge.
American Journal of Public HealthAnnotation: protection of the public interest, allegations of scientific misconduct, and the Needleman case.
26 Citations1995Ellen K. Silbergeld
JAMABreast Cancer: How to Mishandle Misconduct
25 Citations1994Drummond Rennie
Data from Lee-Feldstein et al. support the use of breast-conserving operations, a practice which they note is based largely on six randomized trials.
New England Journal of MedicineThe Frustrations of Scientific Misconduct
15 Citations1993Jerome P. Kassirer
Congressman John Dingell's Shattuck Lecture on misconduct in medical research, delivered in May 1992 to the Massachusetts Medical Society, appears in this issue of the Journal1.
Academic MedicineOverlooking ethics in the search for objectivity and misconduct in science
13 Citations1993Stanley Reiser
The author investigates the relationship between the reliability of scientific data and the ethics of the scientist, demonstrates how attention given to misconduct in the biological sciences adversely affects the broader significance of Ethics in this field, and extracts from the applications of ethics in medicine perspectives relevant to the biological Sciences.
Academic MedicineShould the government assure scientific integrity?
11 Citations1993D F Klein
The author suggests that a freestanding, nonprofit investigative foundation be formed and staffed by experts in investigations of scientific fraud as well as legal experts aware of investigative and due-process issues, to remove the government from regulation and relieve the university of the conflicts inherent in a duty to investigate and judge allegations.
Academic MedicineFostering integrity in scientific research
9 Citations1992W. H. Danforth, Doris M. Schoenhoff
The authors urge universities and the scientists they support to be worthy of the public trust and to take seriously their responsibilities for setting, passing on, and enforcing the ethical standards of scientific research, and propose reforms of some of the underlying conditions that make fraud more likely.
JAMAResearch Ethics, Due Process, and Common Sense
9 Citations1988Paul J. Friedman
Mishkin illuminates the essential features of a university administration's guidelines for responding to charges of unethical conduct, and demands prior notification, more serious attention to whistle-blowers, and stricter rules for conducting investigations so that due process may be strengthened along with the increased severity of potential sanctions.