THE PROBLEM OF TOBACCO ADDICTION: META-ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOURAL TREATMENTS IN SPAIN
Psychology in SpainPublished 1 January 1999
Ana Isabel Rosa Alcázar, José Olivares Rodríguez, Julio Sánchez‐Meca
Citations6
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Abstract
En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un estudio meta-analitico sobre la efectividad de los programas multicomponentes en el tratamiento de sujetos con adiccion al tabaco. Una busqueda exhaustiva de la literatura nos permitio identificar 16 trabajos empiricos realizados en Espana entre 1980 y 1996, dando lugar a un total de 37 estudios independientes que recogian datos de 1.979 sujetos. Se definio como indice del tamano del efecto la diferencia media tipificada entre el pretest y el postest en los disenos de un solo grupo, mientras que en los disenos de dos grupos se definio como la diferencia entre los cambios medios del pretest al postest entre el grupo tratado y el de control. Los resultados mostraron una clara efectividad global de las intervenciones conductuales (d+ = 1.450), aunque se reduce a la mitad tras 18 meses de seguimiento (d+ = 0.637). Las tecnicas de autocontrol fueron las mas efectivas (d+ = 1.810). Se analiza la influencia de otras variables moderadoras de los resultados y se propone un modelo predictivo de la efectividad. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones teoricas y clinicas de los resultados.
Keywords
PsychologyMedicine
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