Stress and obesity: the role of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis in metabolic disease
Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and ObesityPublished 1 October 2009Open access
Mousumi Bose, Blanca Oliván, Blandine Laferrère
Citations337
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TL;DR
Evidence is provided for the relationship between chronic stress, alterations in HPA activity, and obesity and its interactions with other factors will be important in developing effective treatments for obesity and related metabolic diseases.
Abstract
The present review provides evidence for the relationship between chronic stress, alterations in HPA activity, and obesity. Understanding these associations and its interactions with other factors will be important in developing effective treatments for obesity and related metabolic diseases.
Keywords
MedicineNeuroscience
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63 Citations2007Lúcio Vilar, Maria da Conceição Freitas +5 more
The greatest challenge in the investigation of CS involves the differentiation between Cushing's disease and ectopic ACTH syndrome, which requires the measurement of plasma ACTH levels, non-invasive dynamic tests (high-dose dexamethasone suppression test and stimulation tests with CRH or desmopressin), and imaging studies.
Brain Research BulletinEffects of sleep restriction periods on serum cortisol levels in healthy men
61 Citations2008Huijuan Wu, Zhongxin Zhao +6 more
Data suggested that sleep loss at different times of the night affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA-axis) differentially, even though SWS time and anxiety levels changed roughly in the same manner in both conditions.
International Journal of ObesityAssociations between a polymorphism in the 11 beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type I gene and body composition
59 Citations2003Liat Gelernter‐Yaniv, Ningping Feng +3 more
An intronic 11βHSD-1 gene polymorphism is associated with greater body mass, altered body composition, and insulin resistance in children, and may be one of the genes relevant for pediatric-onset obesity and its complications.
PubMedDiagnosis of Cushing's syndrome.
58 Citations1996F. S. Hough
3 baseline IRMA-ACTH levels are obtained, followed by CRF stimulation and overnight high-dose dexamethasone suppression and 8 mg overnight HDS tests are used to differentiate pituitary from ectopic ACTH production.
PsychoneuroendocrinologyHigher body mass index (BMI) is associated with reduced glucocorticoid inhibition of inflammatory cytokine production following acute psychosocial stress in men
57 Citations2008Petra H. Wirtz, Ulrike Ehlert +2 more
The data suggest that with increasing BMI, glucocorticoids are less able to inhibit TNF-alpha production following stress, which might suggest a new mechanism linking BMI with elevated risk for adverse cardiovascular outcomes following stress.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAcute In Vivo Regulation of 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1 Activity by Insulin and Intralipid Infusions in Humans
57 Citations2006Deborah J. Wake, Natalie Homer +2 more
Hyperinsulinemia and increased free fatty acids induce acute increases in 11HSD1 activity in adipose tissue that are not attributable to a switch from dehydrogenase to reductase, and also increases systemic cortisol regeneration.
Annals of the New York Academy of SciencesCHARACTERISTICS OF THE INCREASED ADRENOCORTICAL FUNCTION OBSERVED IN MANY OBESE PATIENTS*
54 Citations1965D.E. Schteingart, Jerome W. Conn
A relationship between excessive protein intake, increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and adrenal cortical overactivity in obesity is shown.
ObesitySex Difference in the Relationship between the Hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal Axis and Sex Hormones in Obesity
53 Citations2006Valentina Vicennati, L Ceroni +4 more
The role of sex in the regulation of the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis and its relationship with testosterone levels in male and female obesity is investigated.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismAssociations of Early Growth and Adult Adiposity with Patterns of Salivary Cortisol in Adulthood
52 Citations2006Chris Power, Leah Li +1 more
Smaller head circumference, shorter stature, lower BMI, and WHR are associated with higher cortisol levels, and Poorer prenatal growth in women, and postnatal growth in both sexes, was associated with increasing area-under-curve.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismEarly Appearance of the Metabolic Syndrome in Socially Reared Bonnet Macaques
50 Citations2005Daniel L. Kaufman, Eric L. Smith +5 more
S Socially reared and housed bonnet macaques may provide a useful model for studying the pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment of the metabolic syndrome.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismGenotypes at 11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 11B1 and Hexose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Loci Are Not Risk Factors for Apparent Cortisone Reductase Deficiency in a Large Population-Based Sample
47 Citations2005Perrin C. White
These findings suggest a deficiency of 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11-HSD1; encoded by the HSD11B1 gene), which normally converts cortisone to cortisol, which is a rarely ascertained condition characterized by signs of androgen excess in women or children and decreased urinary excretion of cortisol metabolites compared with cortis one metabolites.
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