Bridging Community Intervention and Mental Health Services Research
American Journal of PsychiatryPublished 28 May 2004
Kenneth B. Wells, Jeanne Miranda, Martha L. Bruce, Margarita Alegrı́a, Nina Wallerstein
Citations236
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score5.27
SNIP3.68
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The community intervention approach is a major paradigm for affecting public health or addressing health disparities, and represents a promising approach for extending the reach of mental health services interventions into diverse communities.
Abstract
The community intervention approach is a major paradigm for affecting public health or addressing health disparities. Despite challenges in implementation and evaluation, it represents a promising approach for extending the reach of mental health services interventions into diverse communities.
Keywords
PsychologyHealth Professions
Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior
26,054 Citations1980Icek Ajzen, Martin Fishbein
Medical Entomology and ZoologySocial Foundations of Thought and Action : A Social Cognitive Theory
19,075 Citations1986Albert Bandura
BMJCrossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century
10,744 Citations2001Alexi Baker
Analyzing health care organizations as complex systems, Crossing the Quality Chasm also documents the causes of the quality gap, identifies current practices that impede quality care, and explores how systems approaches can be used to implement change.
The global burden of disease: a comprehensive assessment of mortality and disability from diseases injuries and risk factors in 1990 and projected to 2020.
6,935 Citations1996Christopher J L Murray, Alan D López
Health Education MonographsHistorical Origins of the Health Belief Model
5,943 Citations1974Irwin M. Rosenstock
Two classes of circumstances should be described which were largely responsible for the type of model that ultimately emerged and concern the settings in which research was required and the training and background experiences of those who participated in the development of the Model.
Annual Review of Public HealthREVIEW OF COMMUNITY-BASED RESEARCH: Assessing Partnership Approaches to Improve Public Health
5,852 Citations1998Barbara A. Israel, Amy J. Schulz +2 more
This review provides a synthesis of key principles of community- based research, examines its place within the context of different scientific paradigms, discusses rationales for its use, and explores major challenges and facilitating factors and their implications for conducting effective community-based research aimed at improving the public's health.
Milbank QuarterlyOrganizing Care for Patients with Chronic Illness
2,900 Citations1996Edward H. Wagner, Brian T. Austin +1 more
The challenge is to organize these components into an integrated system of chronic illness care, which can be done most efficiently and effectively in primary care practice rather than requiring specialized systems of care.
American Journal of Health PromotionTranslating Social Ecological Theory into Guidelines for Community Health Promotion
2,756 Citations1996Daniel Stokols
Key strengths and limitations of each perspective are examined, and core principles of social ecological theory are used to derive practical guidelines for designing and evaluating community health promotion programs.
DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)Community-Based Participatory Research for Health
2,365 Citations2002Meredith Minkler, Nina Wallerstein
This special issue of the Michigan Journal and Meredith Minkler and Nina Wallerstein’s edited volume, Community-Based Participatory Research for Health, offer evidence that the field of community-based participatory research (CBPR) has reached an important developmental point as a field.
University Libraries (University of Maryland)Mental Health: Culture, Race, and Ethnicity—A Supplement to Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General
2,011 Citations2001David Satcher
This Supplement documents that the science base on racial and ethnic minority mental health is inadequate; the best available research indicates that these groups have less access to and avail-ability of care, and tend to receive poorer quality mental health services.
JAMACollaborative Management to Achieve Treatment Guidelines
1,395 Citations1995Wayne Katon
A multifaceted intervention consisting of collaborative management by the primary care physician and a consulting psychiatrist, intensive patient education, and surveillance of continued refills of antidepressant medication improved adherence to antidepressant regimens in patients with major and with minor depression and resulted in more favorable depressive outcomes.
JAMALong-term Effects of Home Visitation on Maternal Life Course and Child Abuse and Neglect
1,364 Citations1997David L. Olds
This program of prenatal and early childhood home visitation by nurses can reduce the number of subsequent pregnancies, the use of welfare, child abuse and neglect, and criminal behavior on the part of low-income, unmarried mothers for up to 15 years after the birth of the first child.
Archives of General PsychiatryThe Quality of Care for Depressive and Anxiety Disorders in the United States
1,078 Citations2001Alexander S. Young, Ruth Klap +2 more
Most adults with a probable depressive or anxiety disorder do not receive appropriate care for their disorder, and this holds across diverse groups, appropriate care is less common in certain demographic subgroups.
JAMAImpact of Disseminating Quality Improvement Programs for Depression in Managed Primary Care
1,033 Citations2000Kenneth B. Wells, Cathy Sherbourne +7 more
When managed primary care practices implemented QI programs that improve opportunities for depression treatment without mandating it, quality of care, mental health outcomes, and retention of employment of depressed patients improved over a year, while medical visits did not increase overall.
Health Education QuarterlyEmpowerment Education: Freire's Ideas Adapted to Health Education
937 Citations1988Nina Wallerstein, Edward Bernstein
A literature review demonstrating that powerlessness is linked to disease, and conversely, empowerment linked to health; an exposition of Brazilian educator Paulo Freire's empowering education theory with a comparison to traditional health education; and a case study of an empowering education substance abuse prevention project.
Archives of General PsychiatryA Multifaceted Intervention to Improve Treatment of Depression in Primary Care
850 Citations1996Wayne Katon
PsycEXTRA DatasetPromoting Health: Intervention Strategies From Social and Behavioral Research
796 Citations2000
Cochrane Database of Systematic ReviewsGroup behaviour therapy programmes for smoking cessation
779 Citations2017Lindsay F Stead, Allison J. Carroll +1 more
There was limited evidence that programmes which included components for increasing cognitive and behavioural skills and avoiding relapse were more effective than same length or shorter programmes without these components.
Psychiatric ServicesEffectiveness, Transportability, and Dissemination of Interventions: What Matters When?
749 Citations2001Sonja K. Schoenwald, Kimberly Hoagwood
The authors identify and define key aspects of the progression from research on the efficacy of a new intervention to its dissemination and illustrate key conceptual and design features that differentiate efficacy, effectiveness, and dissemination research.
Public Health Communication
715 Citations2002
This book presents a meta-analysis of U.S. Health Campaign Effects on Behavior: Emphasize Enforcement, Exposure, and New Information, and Beware the Secular Trend.
Journal of General Internal MedicineRecent care of common mental disorders in the united states
694 Citations2000Philip S. Wang, Patricia Berglund +1 more
An epidemic of untreated and poorly treated mental disorders exists in the United States, especially among vulnerable groups such as African Americans and the underinsured, and cost-effective interventions are needed to improve both access to and quality of treatment.
Milbank QuarterlyAssessing the Impact of Continuous Quality Improvement on Clinical Practice: What It Will Take to Accelerate Progress
645 Citations1998Stephen M. Shortell, Charles L. Bennett +1 more
The clinical application of CQI is more likely to have a pervasive impact when it takes place within a supportive regulatory and competitive environment, when it is aligned with financial incentives, and under the direction of an organizational leadership that is committed to integrating all aspects of the work.
Social Science & MedicineStigma, HIV and AIDS: An exploration and elaboration of a stigma trajectory
644 Citations1995Angelo A. Alonzo, Nancy R. Reynolds
The essential processes through which individuals personalize the illness, dilemmas encountered in interpersonal relations, strategies that are used to avoid or minimize HIV-related stigma, and subcultural networks and ideologies that are drawn upon to construct, avow, and adapt to an HIV identity are considered.
Archives of General PsychiatryA Randomized Trial of a Group Cognitive Intervention for Preventing Depression in Adolescent Offspring of Depressed Parents
614 Citations2001Gregory N. Clarke, Mark C. Hornbrook +6 more
PEDIATRICSImproving the Delivery of Prenatal Care and Outcomes of Pregnancy: A Randomized Trial of Nurse Home Visitation
600 Citations1986David L. Olds, Charles Henderson +2 more
The program was designed to prevent a wide range of health and developmental problems in children born to primiparous women who were either teenagers, unmarried, or of low socioeconomic status.
Cochrane Database of Systematic ReviewsAssertive community treatment for people with severe mental disorders
587 Citations1998Max Marshall, Austin Lockwood
BMJRandomised trial of monitoring, feedback, and management of care by telephone to improve treatment of depression in primary care
523 Citations2000Gwendal Simon
A programme of systematic follow up and care management by telephone, however, significantly improved outcomes at modest cost.
American Journal of Public HealthCan Public Health Researchers and Agencies Reconcile the Push From Funding Bodies and the Pull From Communities?
472 Citations2001Lawrence W. Green, Shawna L. Mercer
Participatory research should not be required of every project, but when results are to be used for, in, and by communities, those communities should collaborate not only in applying findings but also in determining the ways in which the findings are produced and interpreted.
Archives of Family MedicineEfficacy of Nurse Telehealth Care and Peer Support in Augmenting Treatment of Depression in Primary Care
465 Citations2000Enid M. Hunkeler
Nurse telehealth care improves clinical outcomes of antidepressant drug treatment and patient satisfaction and fits well within busy primary care settings, as well as within trained health plan members recovered from depression.
JAMALong-term effects of home visitation on maternal life course and child abuse and neglect. Fifteen-year follow-up of a randomized trial
390 Citations1997David L. Olds
JAMACollaborative management to achieve treatment guidelines. Impact on depression in primary care
375 Citations1995Wayne Katon
American Journal of PsychiatryThe NIMH Depression Awareness, Recognition, and Treatment Program: structure, aims, and scientific basis
373 Citations1988Darrel A. Regier, Robert M. A. Hirschfeld +4 more
The authors review the development of this program, describing the professional education efforts it supports in anticipation of increased demand for services, the public education campaign launched in May 1988, and highlights of the scientific advances that make the program feasible and timely.
American Journal of Preventive MedicineWorksite physical activity interventions
364 Citations1998Rod K. Dishman, Brian Oldenburg +2 more
The generally poor scientific quality of the literature on this topic precludes the judgment that interventions at worksites cannot increase physical activity or fitness, but such an increase remains to be demonstrated by studies using valid research designs and measures.
JAMACost-effectiveness of Practice-Initiated Quality Improvement for Depression
339 Citations2001Michael Schoenbaum, Jürgen Unützer +7 more
Societal cost-effectiveness of practice-initiated QI efforts for depression is comparable with that of accepted medical interventions, and the intervention effects on employment may be of particular interest to employers and other stakeholders.
Journal of Health Politics Policy and LawLay Participation in Health Care Decision Making: A Conceptual Framework
321 Citations1993Cathy Charles, Suzanne E. DeMaio
This article presents a framework based on decision-making domains, role perspectives, and levels of participation and is intended as an initial step toward providing greater conceptual clarity regarding the key dimensions and goals of lay participation in health care decision making.
Journal of General Internal MedicineImproving depression outcomes in community primary care practice
293 Citations2001Kathryn Rost, Paul Nutting +3 more
In practices without onsite mental health professionals, brief interventions training primary care teams to assume redefined roles can significantly improve depression outcomes in patients beginning a new treatment episode.
Journal of Consulting and Clinical PsychologySampling of empirically supported psychological treatments from health psychology: Smoking, chronic pain, cancer, and bulimia nervosa.
262 Citations1998Bruce E. Compas, David A. F. Haaga +3 more
A sampling of interventions in health psychology and behavioral medicine is offered that meet the criteria for empirically supported treatments for smoking cessation, chronic pain, cancer, and bulimia nervosa.
Milbank QuarterlyA Report Card on Continuous Quality Improvement
249 Citations1998David Blumenthal, Charles M. Kilo
Until there is a profound, organization-wide recognition of the need for change, universal commitment to CQI principles will not be achieved.
Medical CareAchieving Guidelines for the Treatment of Depression in Primary Care
236 Citations1997Elizabeth Lin, Wayne Katon +6 more
The results suggest that continuing programs of reorganized service delivery to support the role of a primary care physician (eg, on-site mental health personnel, close monitoring of patient progress and adherence) are essential for the success of guideline implementation.
Health Education QuarterlyMedia Advocacy: A Strategy for Advancing Policy and Promoting Health
227 Citations1996Lawrence Wallack, Lori Dorfman
This article uses two case studies to illustrate key aspects of media advocacy, including a 5-year statewide violence prevention initiative for young people in California and the activities of a mothers' group working to improve public housing.
Schizophrenia BulletinAssertive Community Treatment and Case Management for Schizophrenia
227 Citations1995Jill E. Scott, Lisa B. Dixon
This review examines the impact of assertive community treatment (ACT) and case management models on the use of inpatient hospitalization and other community mental health services, costs, and other clinical and social outcomes.
Mental Health Services ResearchPsychiatric Hospitalizations, Arrests, Emergency Room Visits, and Homelessness of Clients with Serious and Persistent Mental Illness: Findings from a Randomized Trial of Two ACT Programs vs. Usual Care
225 Citations2000Gregory N. Clarke, Heidi Herinckx +5 more
The paucity of significant main effects may have been due to a prolonged “start-up” phase of the ACT programs, poor ACT implementation, restricted availability of psychiatric hospital beds, or changes in usual care services delivered over the study period.
American Journal of Public HealthCommunity intervention trial for smoking cessation (COMMIT): II. Changes in adult cigarette smoking prevalence.
224 Citations1995
This community-based intervention did not have a significant impact on smoking prevalence beyond the favorable secular trends, and additional strategies should be incorporated and rigorously evaluated.
Psychiatric ServicesOrganizational Process: A Missing Link Between Research and Practice
204 Citations2001Robert A. Rosenheck
It is shown how effective dissemination of new treatment methods requires attention to and effective engagement with organizational processes, which are characterized by multiple competing goals, uncertain technologies, and fluid involvement of key participants.
Health Promotion and Interactive Technology
190 Citations2013Richard L. Street, William R. Gold +1 more
This book discusses the development of Interactive Technology for Health Promotion in Health Care Organizations and its applications in Health Promotion and Social Support, and its Applications in Cyberspace.
American Journal of Preventive MedicineDeveloping the guide to community preventive services—overview and rationale11The names and affiliations of the Task Force members are listed on page v of this supplement and at http://www.thecommunityguide.org.
179 Citations2000Benedict I. Truman, C.Kay Smith-Akin +13 more
The Guide to Community Preventive Services will represent a significant national effort in encouraging evidence-based public health practice in defined populations and readers are encouraged to consider critically the value and relevance of its contents.
Choice Reviews OnlineImproving health in the community: a role for performance monitoring
168 Citations1998
The committee addresses factors surrounding the implementation of performance monitoring and explores the "why" and "how to" of establishing mechanisms to monitor the performance of those who can influence community health.
American Journal of Public HealthThe effects of a health promotion-health protection intervention on behavior change: the WellWorks Study.
165 Citations1998Glorian Sorensen, Anne Stoddard +6 more
The effects of a 2-year integrated health promotion-health protection work-site intervention on changes in dietary habits and cigarette smoking are modest and could have a large impact on cancer-related and coronary heart disease end points.
American Journal of Public HealthTake heart: results from the initial phase of a work-site wellness program.
149 Citations1995Russell E. Glasgow, James R. Terborg +3 more
Despite documented implementation of key intervention activities and organization-level changes in terms of perceived support for health promotion, this intervention did not produce short-term improvements beyond secular trends observed in control work sites.
Health Education ResearchLong-term effectiveness of computer-generated tailored feedback in smoking cessation
140 Citations1998Arie Dijkstra, Nanné K. de Vries +1 more
It is concluded that a minimal six-page tailored intervention can be beneficial in supporting smokers to quit smoking, even after 14 months.
JAMAHow Expensive Is Unlimited Mental Health Care Coverage Under Managed Care?
127 Citations1997Roland Sturm
Assumptions used in last year's policy debate overstate actual managed care costs by a factor of 4 to 8, and the cost consequences of improved coverage under managed care, which by now accounts for most private insurance, are relatively minor.
American Psychological Association eBooksIntegrating behavioral and social sciences with public health.
117 Citations2001
The authors of Integrating Behavioral and Social Sciences With Public Health examine the ways that community-based behavioral and social science have been applied to major public health concerns by discussing mobilization, prevention programs, intervention evaluations, and research.
American Journal of Health PromotionEvaluation of the Heart to Heart Project: Lessons from a Community-Based Chronic Disease Prevention Project
109 Citations1995Robert M. Goodman, F C Wheeler +1 more
The project had a slightly favorable intervention effect on cholesterol and smoking, but failed to have an effect on other risk factors for cardiovascular disease; the project influenced community awareness, enlisted influential community members, and fostered linkages among local health services.
Health Education & BehaviorBreast Cancer Screening Adherence: Does Church Attendance Matter?
107 Citations1998Sarah Fox, Kathryn Pitkin +3 more
It is found that, when controlling for income and education, church members fared better on mammography screening than women who were community residents, and that the relationship between religious involvement and health behaviors needs further explanation.
PubMedAnxiety and stigmatizing aspects of HIV infection.
95 Citations1989Mindy T. Fullilove
The author addresses the consequences of anxiety related to the AIDS stigma and discusses appropriate psychiatric interventions.
Annals of EpidemiologySynthesis of findings and issues from community prevention trials
94 Citations1997Caroline Schooler, John W. Farquhar +2 more
Although much remains untested in theory and practice, data indicate that community-based efforts to reduce the risk of CVD can influence behavior, and the importance of incorporating strategies to influence environmental change is indicated.
The Journal of Human ResourcesAre Classical Experiments Needed for Manpower Policy
90 Citations1986Gary Burtless, Larry L. Orr
Evaluation ReviewDo We Need Experimental Data To Evaluate the Impact of Manpower Training On Earnings?
82 Citations1987James J. Heckman, V. Joseph Hotz +1 more
The empirical results from this limited study provide tangible evidence that the recent denunciation of nonexperimental methods forevaluating manpower training effects is premature.
Biological PsychiatryOvercoming barriers to reducing the burden of affective disorders
78 Citations2002Kenneth B. Wells, Jeanne Miranda +15 more
The literature is reviewed, key gaps are identified, and new research is recommended to guide national efforts to reduce the burden of affective disorders.
The New Public Health Approach to Improving Physical Activity and Autonomy in Older Populations
72 Citations1995John B. McKinlay
The potential of the “new” public health approach to promote increased physical activity (and thereby autonomy and improved quality of life) among sedentary older adults is considered.
PubMedMental health parity legislation: much ado about nothing?
70 Citations2000Rosalie Liccardo Pacula, Renea Sturm
State parity legislation is not associated with a significant increase in any of the measures of mental health services utilization, and those states that are able to pass parity legislation do not experience significant increases in the utilization ofmental health services.
Health Education ResearchThe capacity-building approach to intervention maintenance implemented by the Stanford Five-City Project
69 Citations1994Christine Jackson, Stephen P. Fortmann +4 more
Experience indicates that capacity-building is a viable method for intervention maintenance and that it may also facilitate efforts to disseminate model health promotion programs to communities lacking experience in community health promotion intervention.
Evaluation ReviewSocial Policy Experimentation
64 Citations1985Richard A. Berk, Robert F. Boruch +3 more
American Journal of Preventive MedicineTailored advice on exercise— does it make a difference?
57 Citations1999Fiona Bull, Konrad Jamrozik +1 more
Findings do not concur with the results from previous research in the areas of nutrition and smoking cessation, and future research on the application of the principles of "tailoring" to the promotion of physical activity should focus on identifying which, if any, physical, social, psychological or environmental variables should be addressed to produce improved outcomes.
Journal of Behavioral MedicineTake Heart II: Replication of a Worksite Health Promotion Trial
57 Citations1997Russell E. Glasgow, James R. Terborg +3 more
Cross-sectional analyses generally failed to produce statistically significant intervention effects, but cohort analyses revealed significant beneficial effects of the Take Heart II intervention on eating patterns, behavior change attempts, and perceived social support.
Annual Review of MedicineMethods, Successes, and Failures of Smoking Cessation Programs
57 Citations1993Edwin B. Fisher, Edward Lichtenstein +3 more
Interventions to encourage smoking cessation range from simple information and suggestions to smoking cessation classes, to nicotine replacement, to community or national campaigns that promote nonsmoking.
American Journal of Health PromotionAlcohol: A Review of the Impact of Worksite Interventions on Health and Behavioral Outcomes
56 Citations1996Paul M. Roman, Terry C. Blum
There is strong suggestive evidence and some conclusive evidence that works site interventions including core components of employee assistance programs are effective in rehabilitating employees with alcohol problems and investment in worksite interventions directed at reducing alcohol-related problems appears to be a sound strategy.
DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)Health Online: How To Find Health Information, Support Groups, And Self Help Communities In Cyberspace
56 Citations1996Tom Ferguson
This book introduces the Basics of Going Online the Easy Way and discusses the human side of E-Mail and the Healing Computer.
Health AffairsState Mental Health Parity Laws: Cause Or Consequence Of Differences In Use?
52 Citations1999Roland Sturm, Rosalie Liccardo Pacula
It was found that states with below-average utilization were more likely to enact state legislation, but utilization in those states continues to lag behind the rest of the nation.
PubMedThe Kaiser Family Foundation Community Health Promotion Grants Program: findings from an outcome evaluation.
51 Citations2000Edward H. Wagner, Thomas M. Wickizer +10 more
The CHPGP, like other prominent community-based initiatives, generally failed to produce measurable changes in the targeted health outcomes and should focus on developing theories and methods that can improve the design and evaluation of community- based interventions.
The Hastings Center ReportJustice, Fair Procedures, and the Goals of Medicine
48 Citations1996Norman Daniels
Bioethics as a field has shown an aversion, or at least reluctance, to asking substantive Justice questions about the human good or the ends of medicine, and unless there can be a discussion of the goals of medicine in the future as rich as that of justice and health care has been, the latter problem will simply not admit of any meaningful solution.
Journal of Occupational and Environmental MedicinePromoting Smoking Cessation at the Workplace
46 Citations1993Glorian Sorensen, Harry A. Lando +1 more
Results indicate that a short-term, multifaceted smoking cessation program implemented in work sites can affect smoking cessation rates as well as the work-site norms about smoking.
Public Health ReportsAssessment/evaluation. A participatory evaluation model for healthier communities: developing indicators for New Mexico
41 Citations2000Nina Wallerstein
The author describes the development of a participatory evaluation model for New Mexico's Healthier Communities program and shows the links between process, community-level system impacts, and population health changes.
PubMedUse of outpatient mental health services in HMO and fee-for-service plans: results from a randomized controlled trial.
40 Citations1986Kenneth B. Wells, Willard G. Manning +1 more
No evidence of appreciable or significant adverse selection into or out of the prepaid group practice is found and a full evaluation of the desirability of prepaid or fee-for-service care requires data on health outcomes, which are not presented here.
PubMedDepression screening as an intervention against suicide.
39 Citations1999Douglas Jacobs
The origin and goals of National Depression Screening Day, the NDSD model for the current community-based program, the results of N DSD screening, and the proposed future expansion of NDSd and the voluntary screening concept are discussed.
Evaluation and Program PlanningImplementation theory and the theory-driven approach to validity
31 Citations1989Dennis J. Palumbo, Annamarie Oliverio
Health Promotion PracticeParticipatory Evaluation Model for Coalitions: The Development of Systems Indicators
30 Citations2002Nina Wallerstein, Michele Polascek +1 more
The Journal of Mental Health Policy and EconomicsParity for mental health and substance abuse care under managed care
20 Citations1998Richard G. Frank, Thomas G. McGuire
Since managed care controls costs and utilization in new ways parity in benefit design no longer implies equal access to and quality of mental health and substance abuse care, demand response recedes as an efficiency argument against parity.
PubMedBehaviour change in practice: group approaches.
18 Citations1996Jumi Hayaki, Kelly D. Brownell
Preliminary research in the treatment of obesity suggests that group interventions may be at least as effective as individual interventions, presumably due to the social support created among individuals in the group.
Journal of General Internal MedicineImproving Depression Outcomes in Community Primary Care Practice. A Randomized Trial of the QuEST Intervention
12 Citations2001Kathryn Rost, Paul Nutting +3 more
Canadian Journal of Community Mental HealthL'Utilisation Efficace Des Médias De Masse Dans Des Programmes De Prévention Et De Promotion De La Santé Mentale
5 Citations2000Annie Devault
Health Promotion PracticeParticipatory Evaluation Model for Coalitions: The Development of Systems Indicators
2 Citations2002Nina Wallerstein, Michele Polascek +1 more
…
