Cardiovascular risk factors in young adults
Controlled Clinical TrialsPublished 1 February 1991
Gary Cutter, Gregory L. Burke, Alan R. Dyer, Gary D. Friedman, Joan E. Hilner, Glenn H. Hughes
Citations259
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
Abstract
Gary R. Cutter, PhD*(1), Gregory L. Burke, MD (2), Alan R. Dyer, PhD (3), Gary D. Friedman, MD (4), Joan E. Hilner, MPH, MA, RD (5), Glenn H. Hughes, PhD (6), Stephen B. Hulley, MD (7), David R. Jacobs Jr., PhD (2), Kiang Liu, PhD (3), Teri A. Manolio, MD, MHS (8), Albert Oberman, MD (9), Laura L. Perkins, PhD (5), Peter J. Savage, MD (8), Joyce R. Serwitz, MEd (5), Stephen Sidney, MD (4), Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Dr PH (5)
Keywords
Medicine
Clinical ChemistryEstimation of the Concentration of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Plasma, Without Use of the Preparative Ultracentrifuge
32,475 Citations1972William T. Friedewald, Robert I. Levy +1 more
A method for estimating the cholesterol content of the serum low-density lipoprotein fraction (Sf0-20) is presented and comparison of this suggested procedure with the more direct procedure, in which the ultracentrifuge is used, yielded correlation coefficients of .94 to .99.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & MetabolismCoated Charcoal Immunoassay of Insulin
2,993 Citations1965Victor Herbert, Kam‐Seng Lau +2 more
The procedure here described yields a straight line graph when insulin added is plotted against insulin recovered, and makes simpler and more rapid the immunoassay of insulin in biologic fluids, using radioisotope dilution with 131I-insulin and "biopsy" of the insulin pool by antibody to insulin.
Clinical ChemistryDextran sulfate-Mg2+ precipitation procedure for quantitation of high-density-lipoprotein cholesterol.
2,182 Citations1982G. Russell Warnick, J Benderson +1 more
Journal of Chronic DiseasesA questionnaire for the assessment of leisure time physical activities
1,859 Citations1978Henry L. Taylor, David R. Jacobs +4 more
The Minnesota LTA questionnaire is valid for use in longitudinal studies in North America of the relationship of physical activity to disease, in weight control clinics, and in other researches in which leisure time physical activity is of interest.
American Journal of EpidemiologyPHYSICAL ACTIVITY ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY IN THE FIVE-CITY PROJECT1
1,727 Citations1985James F. Sallis, William L. Haskell +5 more
New methods of quantifying the physical activity habits of communities were developed which are practical for large health surveys, provide information on the distribution of activity habits in the population, can detect changes in activity over time, and can be compared with other epidemiologic studies of physical activity.
Journal of Clinical EpidemiologyCardia: study design, recruitment, and some characteristics of the examined subjects
1,652 Citations1988Gary Friedman, Gary Cutter +6 more
Especially noteworthy among several differences in risk factor levels by demographic subgroup, were a higher body mass index among black than white women and much higher prevalence of cigarette smoking among persons with no more than a high school education than among those with more education.
Journal of Health and Social BehaviorExemplification of a Method for Scaling Life Events: The PERI Life Events Scale
1,216 Citations1978Barbara Snell Dohrenwend, Alexander R. Askenasy +2 more
This paper challenges several arguments for rejecting the rationale of Holmes' and Rahe's Social Readjustment Rating Scale and proposes procedural improvements for three aspects of life-event scale construction: construction of a life- event list, selection of judges, and tests of whether judges agree on their ratings.
Journal of the American Statistical AssociationA Procedure for Objective Respondent Selection within the Household
1,183 Citations1949Leslie Kish
American Journal of EpidemiologyTHE RELATIONSHIP OF PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS TO CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY. III. EIGHT-YEAR INCIDENCE OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE
917 Citations1980Suzanne Haynes, Manning Feinleib +1 more
It is suggested that Type A behavior and suppressed hostility may be involved in the pathogenesis of CHD in both men and women.
New England Journal of MedicineDiet, Serum Cholesterol, and Death from Coronary Heart Disease
714 Citations1981Richard B. Shekelle, Anne MacMillan Shryock +5 more
The results support the conclusion that lipid composition of the diet affects serum cholesterol concentration and risk of coronary death in middle-aged American men.
Journal of Behavioral MedicineJohn Henryism and blood pressure differences among black men
563 Citations1983Sherman A. James, Sue A. Hartnett +1 more
The data were in line with the prediction, in that men who score low on education and high on John Henryism had significantly higher diastolic blood pressures than men who scored above the median on both measures.
JAMAA Predictive Study of Coronary Heart Disease
542 Citations1964Ray H. Rosenman, Meyer Friedman +5 more
The profile of coronary-prone males through retrospective analysis of prospectively obtained data is defined and higher serum beta/alpha lipoprotein ratios and 80 of them had been adjudged in "blind" assessments to exhibit an overt behavior pattern previously found associated with occurrence of CHD in middle-aged men are defined.
Journal of Cardiopulmonary RehabilitationValidity and Reliability of Short Physical Activity History
527 Citations1989David R. Jacobs, Lorraine P. Hahn +3 more
BiochemistryNicotine and its metabolites. Radioimmunoassays for nicotine and cotinine
398 Citations1973John J. Langone, Hilda B. Gjika +1 more
Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymologyEnzymatic methods for quantification of lipoprotein lipids
392 Citations1986G. Russell Warnick
The enzymatic methods described are primarily developed for cholesterol measurement in human plasma and lipoprotein fractions and are well suited for high-volume screening applications.
American Journal of Public HealthValidation of self-reported smoking behavior: biochemical analyses of cotinine and thiocyanate.
290 Citations1983Nancy J. Haley, C. M. Axelrad +1 more
Results indicate that cotinine is better suited than thiocyanate to determine smoking status in large scale epidemiologic studies and to follow alterations in smoking behavior over periods of time.
American Journal of Public HealthRacial differences in serum cotinine levels among smokers in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in (Young) Adults study.
282 Citations1990Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Gary Cutter +5 more
Racial differences in cotinine levels may provide clues to the reasons for the observed lower cessation rates and higher rates of some smoking-related cancers in Blacks.
American Journal of EpidemiologyTHE RELATIONSHIP OF PSYCHOSOCIAL FACTORS TO CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN THE FRAMINGHAM STUDY
259 Citations1978Suzanne Haynes, Manning Feinleib +3 more
In a cross-sectional study of 1822 persons, the association of 20 psychosocial scales with coronary heart disease (CHD) prevalence was assessed and four hypotheses are suggested for future prospective work in this area.
Controlled Clinical TrialsRecruitment in the Coronary Artery Disease Risk Development in Young Adults (Cardia) study
255 Citations1987Glenn H. Hughes, Gary Cutter +10 more
The recruitment goal of 5100 was achieved on schedule and the desirability of sampling approximately equal numbers by age, race, sex, and education as compared with sampling numbers representative of the population base was a major issue.
Journal of the American Dietetic AssociationThe NHLBI nutrition data system
226 Citations1980Barbara Dennis, Nancy D. Ernst +3 more
A standardized system for the collection and processing of dietary information in large-scale studies is described, which is flexible enough to respond to market changes in formulation.
Arteriosclerosis An Official Journal of the American Heart Association IncAssociation of fasting insulin with blood pressure and lipids in young adults. The CARDIA study.
199 Citations1990Teri A. Manolio, Peter J. Savage +8 more
MetabolismImmunoassay of human plasma apolipoprotein B
186 Citations1975John J. Albers, Veneracion G. Cabana +1 more
A specific and precise double antibody immunoassay for human plasma apolipoprotein B (apoB) was developed and applied in normolipidemic and hyperlipidemic subjects and showed essentially no physiological variation in fasting apoB levels over a 10-wk period.
Preventive MedicineCigarette smoking behavior is strongly related to educational status: The cardia study
175 Citations1990Lynne E. Wagenknecht, Laura L. Perkins +9 more
Differences in smoking prevalence across occupational groups were largely explained by differences in educational achievement, and more educated individuals smoked fewer cigarettes per day and chose brands with lower nicotine yield.
Journal of the American Statistical AssociationA Procedure for Objective Respondent Selection within the Household
166 Citations1949Leslie Kish
Journal of Clinical EpidemiologyAlcohol intake and blood pressure in young adults: The CARDIA study
162 Citations1990Alan R. Dyer, Gary Cutter +8 more
Associations between self-reported average daily alcohol intake and blood pressure were assessed in black and white men and women ages 18-30 from the CARDIA study and suggested that associations may differ by smoking status in some sex-race groups.
Psychosomatic MedicineCook-Medley Hostility scale and subsets: relationship to demographic and psychosocial characteristics in young adults in the CARDIA study.
159 Citations1991Larry Scherwitz, Laura Perkins +2 more
All race and gender subgroups and total Ho scale scores and the six subsets were positively correlated with negative life events and negatively correlated with social support, supporting a pattern of psychosocial vulnerability found in other studies.
American Journal of EpidemiologyRELATION OF BODY FATNESS AND ITS DISTRIBUTION TO CARDIOVASCULAR RISK FACTORS IN YOUNG BLACKS AND WHITES
142 Citations1989Aaron R. Folsom, Gregory L. Burke +6 more
It is suggested that obese young adults, especially those with abdominal fat preponderance, carry a physiologic profile that places them at higher risk of cardiovascular disease, and that fasting insulin concentrations are only partly explanatory.
HypertensionEthnic differences in blood pressure, pulse rate, and related characteristics in young adults. The CARDIA study.
113 Citations1989K Liu, C Ballew +6 more
Results suggest that differences in ethnic pattern of blood pressures and pulse rate with age may be due in part to obesity, physical fitness, alcohol consumption, and cigarette smoking.
International Journal of EpidemiologyThe Leucocyte Count: Correlates and Relationship to Coronary Risk Factors: The CARDIA Study
109 Citations1990Gary Friedman, Irene S. Tekawa +4 more
The WBC is a commonly performed clinical test, yet much remains to be learned about its variation in the general population and its value as a predictor rather than merely an indicator of disease.
Arteriosclerosis An Official Journal of the American Heart Association IncDistribution of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in young adults The CARDIA Study.
97 Citations1989Richard P. Donahue, David R. Jacobs +4 more
Substantial variation in the distribution of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in young adults, which may be important determinants of future coronary disease risk, is indicated.
Preventive MedicineObesity and overweight in young adults: The CARDIA study
80 Citations1990Gregory L. Burke, David R. Jacobs +4 more
The association of education with obesity was negative among white women and positive among black men with no significant association noted among white men and black women, and data show a complex relationship between age, sex, race, education, and obesity in young adulthood.
American Journal of EpidemiologyDiet, Body Size, and Plasma Lipids-Lipoproteins in Young Adults: Differences by Race and Sex
71 Citations1991Linda Van Horn, Carol Ballew +10 more
There appears to be general disparity between recommended dietary intake of total fat, saturated fat, and other nutrients and actual dietary intake in young adults, regardless of age and educational level.
CHEST JournalPulmonary Function and Cardiovascular Risk Factor Relationships in Black and in White Young Men and Women
70 Citations1991Millicent Higgins, Jacob B. Keller +5 more
F Forced expiratory volume in 1 s adjusted for height (FEV1/Ht2) was significantly lower in smokers than nonsmokers and in persons who reported shortness of breath, and was correlated positively with a history of strenuous physical activity, duration of exercise on the treadmill, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Plastic & Reconstructive SurgeryDiet, serum cholesterol, and death from coronary heart disease
69 Citations1981Bernard L. Kaye, Shekelle. R. B
Journal of Lipid ResearchComparison of commercial kits for apoprotein A-I and apoprotein B with standardized apoprotein A-I and B radioimmunoassays performed at the Northwest Lipid Research Center.
28 Citations1988J J Albers, J L Adolphson
Comparisons of commercial kit methods with highly standardized apoprotein B and A-I radioimmunoassays developed at the Northwest Lipid Research Center found significant differences.
PubMedRelationships of low density lipoprotein cholesterol with age and other factors: a cross-sectional analysis of the CARDIA study.
21 Citations1988David R. Jacobs, G L Burke +5 more
Higher Keys diet score and body mass index were positively associated with LDL-C, while higher total caloric intake, vigorous physical activity, duration on a treadmill exercise test and usual intake of alcohol were negatively associated with cholesterol.
American Journal of Preventive MedicineRecruiting Young Adults in an Urban Setting: The Chicago CARDIA Experience
20 Citations1990Susan R. Orden, Alan R. Dyer +1 more
By being flexible, Chicago CARDIA improved recruitment in certain hard-to-fill cells and achieved the overall goals: 1,109 participants, 50% black and 50% white, near equal proportions by sex and age, and close to the recommended 40%/60% spread on education.
Journal of Behavioral MedicineSelection, training, and quality control of Type A interviewers in a prospective study of young adults
9 Citations1990Jill Tallmer, Larry Scherwitz +5 more
Journal of Clinical EpidemiologyThe utility of indirect measures of obesity in racial comparisons of blood pressure
7 Citations1990Carol Ballew, K. Liu +3 more
All three estimates of obesity lead to the same interpretation of the relationship between obesity and systolic or diastolic blood pressure, and Estimated percent body fat offered no advantage over the other indices in this context.