Age-Related Alterations in Olfactory Structure and Function

It is of both practical and medical importance to understand the nature of age-related changes in human olfactory function and, when possible, to correct underlying dysfunctions.

Abstract

The sense of smell, in addition to contributing to aesthetics and to the overall quality of life, largely determines the flavor of foods and protects the organism from such hazards as leaking gas, spoiled food, and smoke. It is therefore of both practical and medical importance to understand the nature of age-related changes in human olfactory function and, when possible, to correct underlying dysfunctions. Age-related alterations in this primary sensory system are of particular significance when one considers that the number of persons in the American population over the age of 65 years has increased from 3.1 million in 1900 to 24.1 million in 1978 and will likely exceed 32 million by the year 2000 (Brody and Brock, 1985).