Dependency and Rebellion: A Cross-National Analysis

Abstract

Cross-national research has focused on the domestic causes of rebellion. We investigate whether international dependency incites rebellious political violence directly by mobilizing anti-imperialist and xenophobic movements, and indirectly by increasing relative deprivation and repression of nonviolent protest. Using a four-equation model, we examine the effects of dependency on rebellion independent of domestic causes, and then on three primary domestic determinants income inequality, economic growth, and regime repressiveness. Our model includes economic dependence and military dependence, the latter measured by arms supply concentration, and controls for the legacy of colonialism. The findings indicate that both forms of dependency promote rebellion through their effects on the domestic class and state structure.