Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease
Published 1 January 1983
Marcel Kornitzer
Citations100
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
This paper would like to focus this paper on the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease, which includes all therapeutic manoeuvres that decrease the case fatality rate during the acute phase of a myocardial infarction.
Abstract
Atherosclerosis or better said athero-thrombosis is the pathological basis for coronary heart disease (CHD). Several epidemiologic autopsy studies have shown the correlation between prevalence of atherosclerotic complicated lesions and incidence of CHD at the population level.
Keywords
Medicine
JAMAEffects of treatment on morbidity in hypertension. Results in patients with diastolic blood pressures averaging 115 through 129 mm Hg
1,317 Citations1967
Male patients with diastolic blood pressures averaging 115 mm Hg or above represent a high-risk group in which antihypertensive therapy exerts a significant beneficial effect.
HeartA co-operative trial in the primary prevention of ischaemic heart disease using clofibrate. Report from the Committee of Principal Investigators.
1,058 Citations1978M. F. Oliver, J. A. Heady +137 more
BMJA Randomized Controlled Trial of Acetyl Salicyclic Acid in the Secondary Prevention of Mortality from Myocardial Infarction
519 Citations1974P C Elwood, Alexandra Cochrane +6 more
The results of a randomized controlled trial of a single daily dose of acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin) in the prevention of reinfarction in 1,239 men who had had a recent myocardial infarct showed a reduction in total mortality of 12% at six months and 25% at twelve months after admission to the trial.
The LancetEFFECT OF CHOLESTEROL-LOWERING DIET ON MORTALITY FROM CORONARY HEART-DISEASE AND OTHER CAUSES
495 Citations1972M Miettinen, M J Karvonen +3 more
The use of the cholesterol-lowering diet was associated with considerably and significantly reduced mortality from C.H.D. and other causes and total mortality was consistently lower on this diet, although the differences were too small for statistical significance.
New England Journal of MedicinePrehospital Ventricular Defibrillation
477 Citations1974Richard R. Liberthson, Eugene L. Nagel +2 more
Initially rapid post-defibrillation heart rates and atrial fibrillation or sinus tachycardia were associated with good survival in contrast to slow rates and idioventricular or junctional rhythms.
The LancetREDUCTION OF SUDDEN DEATHS AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION BY TREATMENT WITH ALPRENOLOL
462 Citations1974Claes Wilhelmsson, Lars Wilhelmsen +3 more
The effect of 400 mg.
CirculationTimolol-related reduction in mortality and reinfarction in patients ages 65-75 years surviving acute myocardial infarction. Prepared for the Norwegian Multicentre Study Group.
460 Citations1982T Gundersen, A. M. Abrahamsen +2 more
Age should not be a decision-making factor concerning timolol therapy in postinfarct patients, because the incidence of side effects, the number of withdrawals and the reasons for withdrawal were similar in older and younger patients.
New England Journal of MedicineLidocaine in the Prevention of Primary Ventricular Fibrillation
443 Citations1974K. I. Lie, Hein J.J. Wellens +2 more
JAMAFive-Year Findings of the Hypertension Detection and Follow-up Program
425 Citations1979
The value of vigorous treatment of "mild" hypertension (Stratum I) in males and females, black and white, and the value of treatment for all blood pressure strata in blacks are confirmed by this analysis.
CirculationPreinfarctional (Unstable) Angina—A Prospective Study— Ten Year Follow-Up
393 Citations1973Peter C. Gazes, Elizabeth Mobley +3 more
Patients followed for ten years with preinfarctional (unstable) angina had a combination of high-risk factors in a patient, e.g., frequent angina in the hospital, prior stable angina, and ischemic ST change during pain, which identified his as a high- risk case.
The LancetASPIRIN AND SECONDARY MORTALITY AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
359 Citations1979P C Elwood, P M Sweetnam
A randomised controlled double-blind trial of aspirin in the prevention of death was conducted in 1682 patients who had had a confirmed myocardial infarct and the reduction in specific ischaemic-heart-disease (IHD) mortality was 22% and in total mortality plus IHD morbidity was 28%.
The LancetTRIAL OF HEPARIN VERSUS ATENOLOL IN PREVENTION OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN INTERMEDIATE CORONARY SYNDROME
324 Citations1981AnneM. Telford, Charles S. Wilson
Results show that intravenous heparin therapy was of benefit in preventing myocardial infarction in patients with the intermediate coronary syndrome.
The LancetEARLY INTRAVENOUS ATENOLOL TREATMENT IN SUSPECTED ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
321 Citations1980Salim Yusuf, Richard Peto +5 more
Unlike many previous trials which had negative results, in this trial the drug was given intravenously and promptly (median of 4 hours from onset of pain to injecton), thereby achieving early beta-blockade.
Annals of Internal MedicineSmoking and Myocardial Infarction
274 Citations1977Martin J. Frank
The recent letter by Nixon and colleagues "Myocardial Infarction in Men in the Third Decade of Life" (Ann Intern Med85:759-760, 1976), was thought-provoking.
The LancetMYOCARDIAL ISCHÆMIA, RISK FACTORS AND DEATH FROM CORONARY HEART-DISEASE
264 Citations1977Geoffrey Rose, P. J. Hamilton +4 more
Mortality follow-up is now complete for 5 years in the 18 403 male civil servants examined between 1967-69 in the Whitehall Study of British civil servants, and the finding of suspect ischaemia had greater predictive power than the "primary" coronary risk factors, from which it was generally independent.
PubMedTreatment of mild hypertension: results of a ten-year intervention trial.
246 Citations1977Smith Wm
It is concluded that given the lower level of excess risk in mild uncomplicated hypertension, and the failure of active drug therapy to protect against coronary disease, systematic follow-up without drugs while attempting hygienic intervention and control of other risk factors may be a reasonable alternative for this large group.
BMJControlled trial of oxygen in uncomplicated myocardial infarction.
244 Citations1976John Rawles, A C Kenmure
There appears to be no evidence of benefit from the routine administration of oxygen in uncomplicated myocardial infarction.
The LancetEFFECT OF ALPRENOLOL ON MORTALITY AMONG PATIENTS WITH DEFINITE OR SUSPECTED ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
228 Citations1979M Andersen, J Frederiksen +7 more
A double-blind study of alprenolol versus placebo was done in patients with definite or suspected myocardial infarction to show the effect of the drug on mortality-rate after a year of treatment in patients aged less than or equal to 65 and to study the tolerance of theDrug by patients greater than 65 years of age.
BMJMyocardial infarction: a comparison between home and hospital care for patients.
207 Citations1976H G Mather, DavidR. Morgan +7 more
To compare the results of home and hospital treatment in men aged under 70 years who had suffered acute myocardial infarction within 48 hours 1895 patients were considered for study in four centres in south-west England, confirming and extending the preliminary findings.
BMJCorn Oil in Treatment of Ischaemic Heart Disease
196 Citations1965G Rose, Wendy Thomson +1 more
(3) Absence of heart failure, and also of any non-cardiac disease likely to threaten life within two years, and of personal or geographical factors likely to interfere with clinic attendance or the taking of oil.
Journal of Chronic DiseasesThe influence of cigarette smoking on prognosis after a first myocardial infarction
185 Citations1978David Sparrow, Thomas R. Dawber +1 more
The Framingham Study data suggest an overall benefit of quitting smoking following MI although this was not attributable to a reduction in recurrent MI.
CirculationRisk of new myocardial infarction in middle-aged men with manifest coronary heart disease.
175 Citations1976C. David Jenkins, S J Zyzanski +1 more
Type A score appears relatively unaffected by whether the measure was made before or after the initial CHD event, and future field trials for the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction would be strengthened by consideration of the possible role of Type A behavior.
HeartMulticentre post-infarction trial of propranolol in 49 hospitals in the United Kingdom, Italy, and Yugoslavia.
166 Citations1980N. Baber, D. W. Evans +7 more
A multicentre study of survivors of an anterior myocardial infarction with propranolol 40 mg three times a day was reported, designed to detect a 50 per cent reduction in mortality and this was not shown.
New England Journal of MedicineFavorable Effects of Hyaluronidase on Electrocardiographic Evidence of Necrosis in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction
166 Citations1977Peter R. Maroko, L. David Hillis +16 more
Haluronidase reduced the frequency of electrocardiographic signs of myocardial necrosis and the sum of R-wave voltages of vulnerable sites fell more in the control group than in the hyaluronodase group.
The LancetPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PROPRANOLOL IN THREATENED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
166 Citations1978R M Norris, Neville Sammel +3 more
Patients given propranolol had fewer completed infarcts as assessed by serial electrocardiograms, a lower frequency of serum-creatine-kinase levels above the normal range, and lower peak serum- Creatine-Kinase levels than 23 control subjects.
The LancetMANAGEMENT OF VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION OUTSIDE HOSPITAL
164 Citations1969A.A.J. Adgey, M. Scott +5 more
The findings indicate the value of the training of medical and lay personnel in resuscitation methods provided a mobile coronary-care unit is available.
American Journal of Clinical NutritionDietary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease: Long-Term Experiment
153 Citations1968Osmo Turpeinen, M Miettinen +5 more
JAMAEffectiveness of Estrogens for Therapy of Myocardial Infarction in Middle-Age Men
152 Citations1963Jeremiah Stamler, Ruth Pick +5 more
Mixed conjugated equine estrogens seemed to be effective in the long term therapy of myocardial infarction when high initial dosage was avoided, particularly in the months immediately after infarctions.
BMJChanges in morbidity and mortality during comprehensive community programme to control cardiovascular diseases during 1972-7 in North Karelia.
141 Citations1979J T Salonen, Pekka Puska +1 more
Mortality from CVD and the incidence of AMI and stroke fell during the five years studied, and changes in mortality and morbidity of CVD accorded with the initial objectives of the programme.
JAMAAnticoagulant therapy after acute myocardial infarction. Relation of therapeutic benefit to patient's age, sex, and severity of infarction
133 Citations1972Arnold Drapkin
New England Journal of MedicineLidocaine in the Prevention of Sudden Death in the Pre-Hospital Phase of Acute Infarction
131 Citations1974Peter A. Valentine, J L Frew +2 more
Early prophylactic administration of lidocaine may decrease mortality during the pre-hospital phase of acute myocardial infarction.
The LancetORAL DISOPYRAMIDE IN PROPHYLAXIS OF ARRHYTHMIAS FOLLOWING MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
131 Citations1976Garry Jennings, Maureen Jones +4 more
Disopyramide appears to be a safe and effective oral therapy in the prevention of potentially serious arrhythmias following myocardial infarction.
CirculationAccelerated Angina Pectoris
125 Citations1973Patrick J. Scanlon, R Nemickas +4 more
Of 70 patients with coronary artery disease, including the six not studied because of infarction, 48 were treated surgically with a mortality of 12.5%, and 22 patients treated without surgery was 27%.
Acta Medica ScandinavicaPRACTOLOL IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
122 Citations1976J M Barber, D. McC. Boyle +3 more
Of 484 patients with coronary heart disease treatment for 2 years did not produce a significant reduction in infarction or sudden death,Practolol is a cardio-selective beta-blocking agent with an intrinsic sympathomimetic action, but devoid of local anaesthetic effect.
Medical Clinics of North AmericaA Rapid Response System for Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Emergencies
118 Citations1976Leonard A. Cobb, Hernan Alvarez +1 more
Although considerable attention has been directed to acute complications of ischemic heart disease, particularly the problem of sudden cardiac death, the system is broadly based and responds to all medical emergencies.
The LancetLIGNOCAINE GIVEN PROPHYLACTICALLY TO PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
114 Citations1971A. Pitt, Harry Lipp +1 more
The efficacy of lignocaine given prophylactically was demonstrated in patients with and without left ventricular failure or persistent hypotension, and the frequency of ventricular tachyarrhythmias complicating both anterior and inferior infarction was reduced.
New England Journal of MedicineCoronary Bypass for Stable Angina
112 Citations1979Frank E. Kloster, E. Louise Kremkau +4 more
It is concluded that bypass results in greater functional improvement and less unstable angina than medical therapy and the likelihood of death and myocardial infarction is unchanged by operation.
BMJHeparin in the Prevention of Deep Vein Thrombosis after Myocardial Infarction
107 Citations1972A. Handley, Peter Emerson +1 more
A trial of continuous intravenous heparin in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis was undertaken in 48 patients who had suffered a myocardial infarction, with significant difference at the 1% level.
The LancetCONTROLLED TRIAL OF EARLY MOBILISATION AND DISCHARGE FROM HOSPITAL IN UNCOMPLICATED MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
107 Citations1971J E Harpur, William T. Conner +6 more
Patients with uncomplicated myocardial infarction were all given 7 days of bed rest, followed by mobilisation on day 8 and discharge on day 15, and group E fared no worse than group L in respect of mortality, complication-rates, ventricular aneurysm (on X-ray), or return to work.
AtherosclerosisReduction of myocardial reinfarction by the combined treatment with clofibrate and nicotinic acid
106 Citations1977Lars A. Carlson, M Danielson +3 more
In an ongoing study 558 consecutive survivors of myocardial infarction below 70 years, mean age 59 years, were randomly allocated 4 months after the acute episode into a control group or a chemotherapy group from December 1972 to April 1976.
American Journal of Public HealthParamedic programs and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: II. Impact on community mortality.
93 Citations1979M Eisenberg, Lawrence Bergner +1 more
It is suggested that paramedic services have a small but measurable effect on community cardiac mortality.
HeartFactors influenceing long-term prognosis in male patients surviving a first coronary attack.
93 Citations1975R Mulcahy, N Hickey +2 more
Of 11 characteristics measured during the acute attack, only severity of the attack was significantly associated with poor 4- year survival and Cigarette consumption after infarction was significantly less among those surviving the 4-year period when compared with decedents.
European Journal of Clinical PharmacologyLong-term treatment with ?-blockers after myocardial infarction
89 Citations1976G Ahlmark, H Saetre
Long-term post-infarction treatment with β-blockers appears to be an effective form of secondary therapy without serious side-effects.
Experimental Biology and MedicineClinical Studies of Long-Term Estrogen Therapy in Men with Myocardial Infarction
86 Citations1962Jessie Marmorston, Frederick J. Moore +3 more
In a clinical trial men with coronary artery disease who had recovered from a frank myocardial infarction were randomly treated with Lynoral, Anvene, Premarin, or a placebo, and there was no necessary correlation between physical response, breast tenderness, serum lipid and survival effects of estrogen preparations in the male recovering from myCardial Infarction.
CirculationRisk of new myocardial infarction in middle-aged men with manifest coronary heart disease.
79 Citations1976C DJenkins, S JZyzanski +1 more
The LancetORAL DISOPYRAMIDE FOR THE PREVENTION OF ARRHYTHMIAS IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION ADMITTED TO OPEN WARDS
74 Citations1977N. Zainal, John William Roger Griffiths +5 more
Oral disopyramide was associated with a significant reduction in mortality and in incidence of extension of infarction, ventricular fibrillation, and ventricular tachycardia, and the drug was not associated with any particular complication or side-effect.
Journal of the American Medical AssociationDIET IN CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS
72 Citations1960Lester M. Morrison
A large-scale trial under controlled statistical conditions encountered in clinical practice is suggested for further evaluation of the role of fat in coronary atherosclerosis.
JAMAEffect of the Anti-Coronary Club Program on Coronary Heart Disease Risk-Factor Status
69 Citations1966George Christakis
A group of 814 men at large, 40 to 59 years old, have been placed in a diet relatively rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids, which has significantly lowered the serum cholesterol levels and maintained these lower levels for periods as long as five years.
The LancetEFFECT OF CORONARY BYPASS SURGERY ON LONGEVITY IN HIGH AND LOW RISK PATIENTS
64 Citations1977Katherine M. Detre, MarvinL. Murphy +1 more
Findings indicate that in the evaluation of the effects of bypass surgery on longevity the characteristics of the coronary-artery disease are critical.
The American Journal of CardiologyRecurring and fatal myocardial infarction in the Western Collaborative Group Study∗
61 Citations1967Ray H. Rosenman, Meyer Friedman +4 more
Trends characterizing the fatal compared with nonfatal cases included a higher frequency of cigarette smoking, elevated serum beta/alpha lipoprotein ratios and the Type A behavior pattern, which was observed both in subjects with fatal and those with nonFatal infarction.
New England Journal of MedicineHeparin Administration after Acute Myocardial Infarction
55 Citations1960Richard A. Carleton, Charles A. Sanders +1 more
Journal of Epidemiology & Community HealthThe contribution of intensive coronary care.
53 Citations1975G Rose
Over the period in which intensive care facilities have become widespread the hospital admission rates have risen steeply but numbers of hospital deaths have been stable, and a part of this decline in case fatality has probably resulted from therapeutic advance, but most is probably due to the admission of larger numbers of milder cases.
Journal of Chronic DiseasesCigarette smoking as a risk factor in men with a prior history of myocardial infarction
49 Citations1979
American Heart JournalAnticoagulants in acute myocardial infarction
46 Citations1966Albert J. Wasserman, Lorence A. Gutterman +3 more
It is concluded from this study that routine anticoagulation therapy is not indicated in acute myocardial infarction, and that factors other than those affected by antICOagulants determine the prognosis in this disease.
New England Journal of MedicineCholesterol, Coronaries, Clofibrate and Death
42 Citations1978M. F. Oliver
The results of the largest and longest clinical trial of the effects on the incidence of coronary heart disease of reducing elevated plasma cholesterol concentrations in apparently normal men are reported.
BMJChanging patterns and mortality of acute myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit.
40 Citations1977David Hunt, Graeme Sloman +2 more
There was a significant reduction in mortality among consecutive patients with mild or severe infarction between 1969-70 and 1974-5, and mortality among patients with each arrhythmia also fell.
PubMedIntravenous and oral practolol in the acute stages of myocardial infarction.
34 Citations1978Evemy Kl, Pentecost Bl
No detectable difference emerged between the treated and control groups in the incidence of cardiac failure, death or reinfarction and patients with inferior infarctions showed a tendency to develop potentially harmful bradycardia and hypotension on receiving practolol.
HeartRandomised multicentre trial of early mobilisation after uncomplicated myocardial infarction.
32 Citations1979Rebecca West, A.H. Henderson
Follow-up after one year suggests an unexplained lower mortality during the second and third years in the late mobilisation group.
HeartEffect of coronary care on myocardial infarct mortality.
23 Citations1979B. L. Chapman
To study the effect of coronary care on the hospital mortality rate of acute myocardial infarction, patients treated in a coronary care unit (CCU) were compared with patients treating in general wards and the coronary prognostic index of Chapman and Gray (1973) was modified.
The Medical Journal of AustraliaChanging Mortality from Ischaemic Heart Disease and Acute Myocardial Infarction
6 Citations1978Ian Craig, Edward Byrne +1 more
Numbers of hospital patients increased within each category of ischaemic heart disease (IHD) in inpatients at the Royal Adelaide Hospital, and admission of patients with less severe illness and changes in age and sex distribution may partially account for the observed reduction in hospital mortality.
Advances in cardiologyCurrent Status of Randomized Prospective Study on Unstable Angina
4 Citations2015C. Richard Conti