Cosmology in 2+1 dimensions
Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings SupplementsPublished 1 March 1993
Gerard ’t Hooft
Citations31
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Abstract
Most attempts at obtaining theories that unify quantum mechanics with general relativity require violation of locality and/or causality to some degree. Here, we suggest that these problems actually are very deep and fundamental; hence they may require reconsideration of both quantum mechanics and general relativity at a very fundamental level. An approach called 'deterministic quantisation' is sketched.
Keywords
Physics and Astronomy
Nuclear Physics B2 + 1 dimensional gravity as an exactly soluble system
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Physical Review LettersClosed timelike curves produced by pairs of moving cosmic strings: Exact solutions
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The solutions for parallel cosmic strings moving in opposite directions, each with γs>(sin4πμ)−1 in the laboratory frame show closed timelike curves (CTC’s) that circle the two strings as they pass, allowing observers to visit their own past.
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The causal properties of geometries generated by parallel, moving cosmic strings are reexamine, particularly the statement that closed timelike curves are forbidden there.
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Physical Review LettersAn obstacle to building a time machine
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It is found that there is never enough mass in an open universe to build the time machine from the products of decays of stationary particles, and the Gott time machine cannot exist in any open (2+1)-dimensional universe for which the total momentum is timelike.
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38 Citations1992Curt Cutler
It is proved that the closed timelike curves are confined to a certain region of the spacetime, and that the Spacetime contains complete spacelike, edgeless, achronal hypersurfaces, from which the causality-violating regions may be said to evolve.