P300 from amnesic patients with bilateral hippocampal lesions
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyPublished 1 June 1993
John Polich, Larry R. Squire
Citations183
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
Abstract
P3(00) event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded using auditory and visual stimuli from 5 amnesic patients with confirmed (n = 4) or suspected (n = 1) bilateral damage to the hippocampal formation without skull defects. Four normal control subjects were matched to each amnesic patient with respect to age, sex, education, and IQ subtest scores (n = 20 total controls). All 5 amnesic patients exhibited ERPs, and no reliable differences in P3 amplitude or latency could be detected between the patients and the control subjects in either modality. The findings indicate that the hippocampal formation does not contribute significantly to the scalp-recorded P3 from auditory and visual target stimuli, a conclusion also supported by additional recent findings from studies of patients with extensive bilateral medial temporal lobe damage studies. The significance of the P3 component for cognitive processing is discussed.
Keywords
MedicineNeuroscience
Behavioral and Brain SciencesIs the P300 component a manifestation of context updating?
3,595 Citations1988Emanuel Donchin, Michael Coles
ScienceThe Medial Temporal Lobe Memory System
3,311 Citations1991Larry R. Squire, Stuart Zola‐Morgan
The medial temporal lobe memory system is needed to bind together the distributed storage sites in neocortex that represent a whole memory, but the role of this system is only temporary, as time passes after learning, memory stored in neoc cortex gradually becomes independent of medialporal lobe structures.
PsychophysiologyFor Distinguished Early Career Contribution to Psychophysiology: Award Address, 1985
971 Citations1986Ray Johnson
ScienceEndogenous Potentials Generated in the Human Hippocampal Formation and Amygdala by Infrequent Events
782 Citations1980Eric Halgren, Nancy K. Squires +4 more
The limbic potentials reverse polarity over small distances and correlate with unit discharges recorded by the same electrodes, indicating that they are locally generated.
SciencePerformance of Concurrent Tasks: A Psychophysiological Analysis of the Reciprocity of Information-Processing Resources
730 Citations1983Christopher D. Wickens, Arthur F. Kramer +2 more
Subjects performed a tracking task in which the discrete displacements of the tracking cursor could be used to elicit event-related brain potentials, and potentials elicited by the task-defined events increased in amplitude, whereas those eliciting by secondary task auditory stimuli decreased.
ScienceThe Effect of Stimulus Sequence on the Waveform of the Cortical Event-Related Potential
719 Citations1976Kenneth C. Squires, Christopher D. Wickens +2 more
The waveform of the cortical event-related potential is extremely sensitive to variations in the sequence of stimuli preceding the eliciting event and a quantitative model was developed relating the waveform changes to changes in event expectancy.
PsychophysiologyOn the neural generators of the P300 component of the event‐related potential
614 Citations1993Ray Johnson
The triarchic amplitude model, the subsequently obtained data that support the postulated presence of multiple generators underlying the P300, and the methods used to demonstrate the presence of these multiple sources are reviewed.
Brain ResearchContributions of temporal-parietal junction to the human auditory P3
509 Citations1989Robert T. Knight, Donatella Scabini +2 more
The results indicate that auditory association cortex in the human temporal-parietal junction is critical for auditory P3 generation.
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials SectionTask difficulty, probability, and inter-stimulus interval as determinants of P300 from auditory stimuli
422 Citations1987John Polich
The findings suggest that P300 amplitude and latency obtained from auditory discrimination paradigms reflect processing difficulty independently of stimulus target probability unless differences in task requirements affect stimulus encoding.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyThe intracranial topography of the P3 event-related potential elicited during auditory oddball
389 Citations1990Michael E. Smith, Eric Halgren +5 more
In order to isolate the anatomical locus of neural activity primarily responsible for generating the scalp-recorded P3, the topography of event-related potentials elicited during an auditory oddball task was compared between medial-to-lateral aspects of the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes in 10 epileptic patients undergoing stereoelectroencephalography for seizure localization.
Journal of NeuroscienceMagnetic resonance imaging of the hippocampal formation and mammillary nuclei distinguish medial temporal lobe and diencephalic amnesia
319 Citations1990LR Squire, DG Amaral +1 more
High-resolution neuroimaging techniques can distinguish between patients with diencephalic and medial temporal lobe amnesia, and can provide useful information about the crucial issue of patient classification, and they set the stage for exploring possible quantitative and qualitative differences between patients.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyHuman medial temporal lobe potentials evoked in memory and language tasks
299 Citations1986Michael E. Smith, June M. Stapleton +1 more
Evoked potentials recorded from the MTL during verbal recognition memory display two late endogenous components, one of which might be involved with memory formation and retrieval processes, and the other might index completion of the detection-recognition cycle.
NatureHippocampal abnormalities in amnesic patients revealed by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging
284 Citations1989G A Press, David G. Amaral +1 more
A high-resolution protocol for imaging the human hippocampus with magnetic resonance is developed that permits visualization of the hippocampal formation in substantial cytoarchitectonic detail, revealing abnormalities in patients with severe and selective memory impairment.
Biological PsychologyAssessing the development of automatic processing: An application of dual-task and event-related brain potential methodologies
266 Citations1988Arthur F. Kramer, David L. Strayer
This study investigated the acquisition rate of several properties of automatic processing by employing additive factors logic, dual task methodology, and event-related brain potentials, and results are discussed in terms of models of skill, skill acquisition and component task automaticity.
Journal of NeuroscienceTask-dependent field potentials in human hippocampal formation
266 Citations1989Gregory McCarthy, C. C. Wood +2 more
The results indicate that the MTL potentials reflect endogenous as opposed to obligatory processes, and suggest that MTL structures could contribute to P300 and related event-related potentials on the scalp.
Journal of NeuroscienceAnterior and posterior association cortex contributions to the somatosensory P300
258 Citations1991Shuhei Yamaguchi, RT Knight
The data indicate that association cortex in the temporal-parietal junction is critical for generating the scalp-recorded target and novelty P3s, whereas dorsolateral frontal cortex contributes preferentially to novelty P 3 generation.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyEffects of mnemonic strategy manipulation in a Von Restorff paradigm
253 Citations1990Monica Fabiani, Demetrios Karis +1 more
Results confirm and expand, in a within-subjects design, the results reported by Karis, Fabiani and Donchin (1984) who capitalized on different strategies used by different subjects, and lend support to a 3-phase model of the von Restorff effect.
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials SectionNormal variation of P300 from auditory stimuli
242 Citations1986John Polich
The P300 (P3) event-related potential was obtained from 100 undergraduates with a 2-tone auditory discrimination task and replicated trial block procedure and was negatively correlated, most strongly at the Pz electrode site.
Neurobiology of AgingAge and fitness effects on EEG, ERPs, visual sensitivity, and cognition
231 Citations1990Robert E. Dustman, Rita Y. Emmerson +6 more
Compared to low fit men, the physically active men had shorter ERP latencies, stronger central inhibition, better neurocognitive performance, and better visual sensitivity, and it is speculated the performance superiority of the physicallyactive men was, at least in part, the result of more oxygen being available for cerebral metabolism.
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials SectionA subcortical correlate of P300 in man
227 Citations1984Charles D. Yingling, Yoshio Hosobuchi
Event-related potentials in visual and auditory target detection tasks were recorded simultaneously from the scalp, somatosensory thalamus and periaqueductal gray in a chronic pain patient with electrodes implanted subcortically for therapeutic purposes.
Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and CognitionDissociation of recognition memory components following temporal lobe lesions.
226 Citations1989Michael E. Smith, Eric Halgren
American Journal of EEG TechnologyP300 in Clinical Applications: Meaning, Method, and Measurement
219 Citations1991John Polich
It is concluded that the P3 ERP can provide useful information about cognitive function in a clinical setting, but that task and biological factors must be considered in order to obtain more precise and interpretable results.
PsychophysiologyDevelopmental Evidence for Modality‐Dependent P300 Generators: A Normative Study
206 Citations1989Ray Johnson
Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and CognitionIntact and long-lasting repetition priming in amnesia.
188 Citations1992Carolyn Backer Cave, Larry R. Squire
The results provide the first report of a long- lasting priming effect in amnesic patients, based on a single encounter, which occurs as strongly in the patients as in normal Ss, and suggest that long-lasting priming and recognition memory depend on separate brain systems.
BrainSCALP-RECORDED P300 ACTIVITY IN PATIENTS FOLLOWING UNILATERAL TEMPORAL LOBECTOMY
165 Citations1988Ray Johnson
The bilateral distribution and overall amplitude of the P300 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP) was studied in epileptic patients in whom the amygdala, hippocampal, and anterior temporal lobe areas of the brain had been resected unilaterally to support the hypothesis that the primary generator of the scalp-recorded P300 in the Oddball paradigm lies in the hippocampus and amygdala.
PsychophysiologyAuditory and Visual P300s in Temporal Lobectomy Patients: Evidence for Modality‐Dependent Generators
157 Citations1989Ray Johnson
The P300 component of the event-related brain potential (ERP) was studied in epileptic patients with unilateral resections of medial temporal lobe areas of the brain and uphold the tenets of the model of P300 amplitude proposed by Johnson (1986) and argue against the idea that the P300 is a unitary phenomenon.
Journal of NeuroscienceThe neurology of memory: quantitative assessment of retrograde amnesia in two groups of amnesic patients
148 Citations1989LR Squire, Frank Haist +1 more
Extensive, temporally graded retrograde amnesia, which has been observed frequently in patients with Korsakoff's syndrome, occurs readily in other amnesic patients as well, even when their memory impairment appears well circumscribed.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyEndogenous potentials evoked in simple cognitive tasks: depth components and task correlates
142 Citations1987June M. Stapleton, Eric Halgren
Within the latency range of the scalp N2/P3, at least two depth components were identified which are consistent across patients, and topographically distinct, and have task correlates similar to P3.
PsychophysiologyMultiple Sources of P3b Associated with Different Types of Information
128 Citations1990Daniel S. Ruchkin, Ray Johnson +3 more
The topographic variations indicate that P3b is not a unitary phenomenon but rather is a composite of activity arising from multiple intracranial sources of bioelectric activity.
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials SectionPotentials evoked in human and monkey medial temporal lobe during auditory and visual oddball paradigms
126 Citations1992Ken A. Paller, Gregory McCarthy +3 more
The similarity between the patterns of ERPs in humans and monkeys establishes the feasibility of studying the electrogenesis of P3-like activity with detailed intracranial recordings in an animal model and establishes that the MTL ERPsIn human patients represent a normal neurophysiological process unrelated to epilepsy.
NeuropsychologiaEndogenous potentials after anterior temporal lobectomy
116 Citations1987June M. Stapleton, Eric Halgren +1 more
The scalp topography of endogenous potentials was studied in patients who had previously undergone unilateral anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL), suggesting that the MTL is not the major generator of the P3 recorded at the scalp in the tasks studied here.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologySubcortical neuronal correlates of component P300 in man
113 Citations1991Juri D. Kropotov, В. А. Пономарев
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyInterictal spike-wave complexes in the human medial temporal lobe: typical topography and comparisons with cognitive potentials
110 Citations1986Irfan Altafullah, Eric Halgren +2 more
Evidence suggests that the surface P3 is generated, but in part only, by the MTL, and that at more superficial intracranial sites, the TSW was relatively smaller than the P3.
PsychophysiologyEvent‐Related Potentials and Recognition Memory For Pictures and Words: The Effects of Intentional and Incidental Learning
108 Citations1990Nancy E. Noldy, Robert M. Stelmack +1 more
The view that processing becomes automatic for words, whereas the processing of pictures involves additional effort or allocation of attentional resources is supported.
Annals of NeurologyLimbic P3 potentials, seizure localization, and surgical pathology in temporal lobe epilepsy
99 Citations1989Aina Puce, Renate M. Kalnins +2 more
Absent limbic P3 potentials in temporal lobe epilepsy thus indicate strucutal or functional hippocambal abnormality and may add important information in presurgical evaluation with depth electrodes of patients who haveporal lobe epilepsy.
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials SectionLatency of the P3 event-related potential: Normative aspects and within-subject variability
94 Citations1984Daniel A. Sklare, George E. Lynn
The stability of P3 latency found in this study over a period of 2-4 weeks supports its application to the study of normal and disordered cognitive processes.
Behavioral NeuroscienceP3-like brain waves in normal monkeys and in monkeys with medial temporal lesions.
90 Citations1988Ken A. Paller, Stuart Zola‐Morgan +2 more
Monkeys with bilateral lesions of the medial temporal lobe still produced P3-like brain waves, which indicates that medial temporal brain structures are not critical for their generation, and this idea was tested by means of epidural recordings of brain waves in monkeys.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologySubcortical correlates of the P300 potential complex in man to auditory stimuli
86 Citations1986Marcos Velasco, Francisco Velasco +3 more
Bipolar and referential responses correlated to the surface P300 auditory potential complex were studied in different subcortical structures of parkinsonian and epileptic patients with implanted electrodes used as an electrophysiological procedure for surgical treatment.
Biological PsychologyP300 and time of day: Circadian rhythms, food intake, and body temperature
85 Citations1990Mark W. Geisler, John Polich
The findings suggest that although the P3 ERP is not influenced by circadian rhythms, it is related to recency of food intake and physiological factors which change with time of day.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyIntracranial recordings of endogenous ERPs in humans
82 Citations1985Gregory McCarthy
Differences in shape and onset latency between the frontal and medial temporal lobe ERP patterns indicate that the former are not simply a distant recording of the latter, and strongly suggest multiple contributions to scalp P300.
PsychophysiologyP300, Food Consumption, and Memory Performance
78 Citations1992Mark W. Geisler, John Polich
Food-related P3 amplitude changes appear related to memory function and subjects should eat within several hours before ERPs are acquired to ensure that P3 component measurements reflect values indicative of normal bodily functioning.
International Journal of NeuroscienceA Parietooccipital Generator for P300: Evidence from Human Intracranial Recordings
72 Citations1989Iván Kiss, Richard M. Dashieff +1 more
Findings are consistent with suggestions that multiple intracranial generators, including extratemporal ones, give rise to the scalp-recorded P300 and provide a basis for a conceptual link between hypotheses concerning the neural substrate of attention and the psychological correlates of the P300.
Advances in psychology10 Human Endogenous Limbic Potentials: Cross-Modality and Depth/Surface Comparisons in Epileptic Subjects
69 Citations1983Nancy K. Squires, Eric Halgren +2 more
In this chapter, recent findings are described that further support the local generation of the endogenous limbic potentials, the distributions of the limbics potentials are compared in auditory and visual tasks to evaluate the possibility of multiple endogenous components in the depth potentials.
NeurologyP3 recordings in patients with bilateral temporal lobe lesions
69 Citations1992Marco Onofrj, T. Fulgente +5 more
Five patients who had global amnesia following encephalitis showed severe bilateral lesions of anterior and midtemporal lobes and a P3 component, with a peak latency within the normal limits for age-matched controls, was recorded to "target" stimuli.
PubMedDisordered auditory short-term memory in man and event-related potentials.
68 Citations1987A. Starr, Geoff Barrett
Four patients with conduction aphasia and impaired auditory but relatively preserved visual digit spans were tested in a task of short-term memory, a digit probe identification task, in both the visual and auditory modalities, suggesting that the deficit in auditory short- term memory in these patients occurs during stimulus classification.
Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & PsychiatryNormal P300 following extensive damage to the left medial temporal lobe.
64 Citations1991Michael D. Rugg, Charles Pickles +2 more
Event-related potentials were recorded during auditory and visual "oddball" tasks from a patient with a severe verbal memory deficit due to a low grade infiltrating glioma which involved the full extent of the left medial temporal lobe.
NeurologyLimbic evoked potentials predict site of epileptic focus
61 Citations1987Kimford J. Meador, David W. Loring +5 more
Limbic evoked potentials were recorded from intra-cerebral electrodes in the hippocampi of seven preoperative epilepsy surgery patients and amplifier amplitudes in two patients with bilateral independent temporal lobe seizure onset were markedly diminished.
PsychophysiologyP300 and Individual Differences: Morning/Evening Activity Preference, Food, and Time‐of‐Day
49 Citations1992Mark W. Geisler, John Polich
The results suggest that the P3 component is sensitive to physiological and psychological changes originating from individual differences related to bodily state, which perhaps stems fromindividual differences in arousal level.
Biological PsychologyP300 seasonal variation
43 Citations1991John Polich, Mark W. Geisler
Measurement of the daily sunshine present when each subject was recorded indicated that P3 amplitude is influenced by seasonal variation in the available amount of sunshine, suggesting that comparison of P 3 amplitude across subject groups must take seasonal differences into account.
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials SectionEvent-related potentials recorded from the scalp and nasopharynx. II. N2, P3 and slow wave
43 Citations1984Normand. Perrault, Terence W. Picton
It is indicated that there are two different cerebral processes occurring at the latency of the scalp N2, suggesting a single underlying process.
Cognitive and Behavioral Performance Factors in Atypical Aging
41 Citations1990Mark L. Howe, M. J. Stones +1 more
A Mathematical Model of Memory for Clinical Research Applications in Aging and the Measurement of Individual Differences in Aging: The Distinction Between Usual and Successful Aging are studied.
Electrophysiology and Aging: Slowing, Inhibition, and Aerobic Fitness
37 Citations1990Robert E. Dustman, Rita Y. Emmerson +1 more
It is proposed that some age differences in EEG and ERPs are the result of reduced CNS functioning and that changes in inhibitory strength may underlie age-related decline in cognitive abilities, particularly those that require “mental flexibility.”
NeurologyPermanent global amnesia with unknown etiology
34 Citations1993Mark Kritchevsky, Larry R. Squire
It is suggested that the amnesia of three patients with chronic amnesia may be due to ischemic damage to medial temporal lobe brain structures important for memory.
Archives of NeurologyP300 Brain Activity in Seizure Patients Preceding Temporal Lobectomy
33 Citations1991Charles A. Nelson, Peter Collins +1 more
Event-related potentials were recorded over occipital and parietal scalp from 20 patients suffering from intractable partial complex seizures prior to undergoing a temporal lobectomy to examine both memory impairment and the integrity of the neural structures that mediate memory functioning in certain patient populations.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyPersistence of a P3 component in severe amnestic syndrome
31 Citations1991Marco Onofrj, D. Gambi +3 more
Event-related potentials (ERPs) to an odd-ball paradigm were recorded from 19 scalp derivations in a patient affected by complete amnestic syndrome following limbic encephalitis.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyDelayed P3 event-related potentials (ERPs) in thalamic hemorrhage
31 Citations1992Marco Onofrj, L. Curatola +5 more
Delayed P3 ERPs were recorded with an acoustic oddball paradigm in 5 patients affected by unilateral thalamic hemorrhage and the P3 delay was persistent in serial follow-ups at 6 months from stroke.
Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology/Evoked Potentials SectionComparative effects of age on limbic and scalp P3
27 Citations1989Aina Puce, Geoffrey A. Donnan +1 more
Differences between controls and patients could be due to: (i) effects of chronic seizures; (ii) long-term effects of anticonvulsant use; (iii) the use of a relatively long inter-stimulus interval which may have selectively affected the patients.
PsychophysiologyP300 in Patients with Unilateral Temporal Lobectomies: The Effects of Reduced Stimulus Quality
27 Citations1991Marten K. Scheffers, Ray Johnson +1 more
The absence of significant group differences in either the lateral symmetry or overall P300 amplitude extends the evidence against the idea that anterior temporal lobe structures make any substantial contribution to the scalp P300 in a visual discrimination paradigm.
Bulletin of the Psychonomic SocietyOn the correlation between P300 amplitude and latency
27 Citations1992John Polich
International Journal of NeuroscienceUnilateral Temporal Lobe Lesions Alter P300 Scalp Topography
20 Citations1989Jorge H. Daruna, A.V. Nelson +1 more
Patients with unilateral temporal lobe lesions were found to have P300 amplitudes that were smaller on the lesioned side relative to the non-lesioned side under task conditions, interpreted as evidence thatporal lobe lesions affect the configuration of intracranial sources generating the P300 component of event-related potentials.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyHuman depth ERP in a visual threshold recognition task
11 Citations1991Juri D. Kropotov, S.C. Etlinger
Comparison of data from ERPs recorded from parkinsonian patients bearing gold electrodes with those of multiunit activity recorded from these same sites shows that the pattern of the depth N100 and P200 components with reference to the 3 types of response have no observable counterparts in the impulse activity manifestations of subcortical neuronal populations, which in turn supports the hypothesis concerning multiple (including sub cortical) generators of the P300.
Annals of NeurologySpectral power of human limbic evoked potentials: Relationship to seizure onset
7 Citations1988Kimford J. Meador, David W. Loring +5 more
The results support the hypothesis of a local generator for limbic evoked potentials and demonstrate that limbic eviction potentials in humans include not only low‐frequency, high‐amplitude electric field changes, but also a high‐frequency component.
Electroencephalography and Clinical NeurophysiologyEndogenous event-related potentials from sphenoidal electrodes
5 Citations1990Michael D. Rugg, Richard Roberts +3 more
No consistent task-related ERP activity could be recorded from the sphenoidal electrodes concurrently with the scalp-recorded P3 component, although in the latency region following the peak of P3 these electrodes exhibited an enhanced late negative wave to target stimuli.
International Journal of PsychophysiologyNasopharyngeally and vertex recorded P300's in normal subjects
4 Citations1990R. Schellenberg, B. Bogerts +4 more
Nasopharyngeally recorded P300's were found to have significantly decreased amplitudes and extended latencies when compared to vertex recordings, which did not support the hippocampal hypothesis.