Asians, Asian-Americans and Alcohol
Journal of Psychoactive DrugsPublished 1 January 1990
Ronald C. Johnson, Craig T. Nagoshi
Citations31
SJR quartileQ2
SJR score0.83
SNIP0.88
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Social, psychological, and cultural influences seem to be more adequate explanatory devices with regard to Oriental alcohol use.
Abstract
The association of flushing (vasodilation, reddening of the skin) with the alcohol use of Asians and Asian-Americans is examined. Historical changes in alcohol use, recent secular changes in alcohol use, and marked differences in consumption among Asian populations and among Asian-Americans of the same national origins, as well as the lack of reduction of sex differences among flushers, indicate that flushing has little influence on alcohol consumption. Social, psychological, and cultural influences seem to be more adequate explanatory devices with regard to Oriental alcohol use.
Keywords
PsychologyMedicine
Journal of Consulting and Clinical PsychologyUsing alcohol expectancies to predict adolescent drinking behavior after one year.
555 Citations1989Bruce A. Christiansen, Gregory T. Smith +2 more
Results show that five of seven expectancy scores readily discriminated between nonproblem drinkers and those subsequently beginning problem drinking and accounted for a large portion of the variance in a continuous quantity/frequency index and a problem drinking index.
Psychological BulletinIn search of the seven dwarves: Issues of measurement and meaning in alcohol expectancy research.
433 Citations1989Barbara C. Leigh
ScienceEthnic Differences in Alcohol Sensitivity
386 Citations1972Peter H. Wolff
Japanese, Taiwanese, and Koreans, after drinking amounts of alcohol that have no detectable effect on Caucasoids, respond with a marked facial flushing and mild to moderate symptoms of intoxication.
Journal of Studies on AlcoholEmergence of alcohol expectancies in childhood: a possible critical period.
293 Citations1990Peter M. Miller, Greg T. Smith +1 more
It is suggested that the precursors for later alcohol use and abuse are formed in childhood and that prevention efforts may need to begin as early as third grade.
Journal of Studies on AlcoholAcculturation and drinking among people of Mexican descent in Mexico and the United States.
198 Citations1988Raúl Caetano, María Elena Medina Mora
Results show that Mexican-American men drink more frequently than men in Michoacan, who, as a group, drink infrequently but consume more often five or more drinks at a sitting as compared with Mexican Americans.
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental ResearchRacial Differences in Biological Sensitivity to Ethanol: The Role of Alcohol Dehydrogenase and Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Isozymes
160 Citations1981Dharam P. Agarwal, Shoji Harada +1 more
The findings suggest that the alcohol sensitivity quite common in individuals of Mongoloid origin might be due to delayed oxidation of acetaldehyde by an unusual type of ALDH.
Journal of Studies on AlcoholChanges in American drinking patterns and problems, 1967-1984.
121 Citations1987Michael E. Hilton, Walter Clark
There were few significant differences in drinking patterns with the exception of a small increase in the percentage of men who were abstainers in 1984, and mixed findings were obtained with regard to drinking problems.
Journal of Drug IssuesA Moral Vision of Addiction: How People's Values Determine Whether They Become and Remain Addicts
103 Citations1987Stanton Peele
EnzymeGenetic Studies on Alcohol-Metabolizing Enzymes:Detection of Isozymes in Human Hair Roots
97 Citations2017H. W. Goedde, Dharam P. Agarwal +1 more
Phenotype distribution in a random Japanese population and families suggest a direct relationship between the absence of ALDH I isozyme and alcohol-induced biological sensitivity commonly observed in individuals of Mongoloid origin.
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental ResearchThe Role of Acetaldehyde in Mediating Reactivity to an Acute Dose of Ethanol among Different Racial Groups
93 Citations1979Arthur R. Zeiner, Alfonso Paredes +1 more
Physiologic changes after ingestion of alcohol were monitored in Chinese and white volunteers, and absorption rate, acetaldehyde concentration, facial flushing, and heart rate increases were correlated.
Journal of Studies on AlcoholThe implications and limitations of genetic models of alcoholism and other addictions.
92 Citations1986Stanton Peele
The kind of clear-cut model of the genetic sources of alcoholism perceived by the public and presented in popular tracts does not accurately reflect the state of knowledge and has dangerous consequences for prevention and treatment policies.
Personality and Individual DifferencesGuilt, shame, and adjustment in three cultures
85 Citations1987Ronald C. Johnson, George P. Danko +4 more
Journal of Cross-Cultural PsychologyAlcohol Drinking Patterns among Asian and Caucasian Americans
82 Citations1979Stanley Sue, Nolan Zane +1 more
The present study examined the responses of 47 Asian and 77 Causasian American students who completed questionnaires concerning their drinking patterns, their own and their parents' attitudes toward drinking, and the cues they used to control alcohol consumption.
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental ResearchRacial Patterns of Alcoholic Beverage Use
69 Citations1983Arthur L. Klatsky, A B Siegelaub +2 more
Comparison with data collected 15 years earlier showed a substantial decline in reported proportions of abstainers and heavier drinkers as well as apparent narrowing of race-sex differences.
PubMedAldehyde dehydrogenase polymorphism in North American, South American, and Mexican Indian populations.
62 Citations1986H. W. Goedde, D. P. Agarwal +4 more
Preliminary investigations showed very low incidence of isozyme deficiency among North American natives and Mexican Indians and possible implications of such trait differences on cross-cultural behavioral response to alcohol drinking are discussed.
Journal of Studies on AlcoholThe flushing response to alcohol use among Koreans and Taiwanese.
58 Citations1984J Y Park, Yu‐Fen Huang +5 more
There is substantial diversity among groups frequently lumped together as "Mongoloid" in alcohol use and family resemblances in flushing are substantial but not supportive of the belief that flushing is dominant and results from the influence of a single autosomal gene pair.
American PsychologistThe cultural context of psychological approaches to alcoholism: Can we control the effects of alcohol?
58 Citations1984Stanton Peele
Journal of Studies on AlcoholAlcohol-induced facial flushing and drinking behavior in Japanese men.
54 Citations1985Hiroshi Suwaki, H Ohara
It is proposed that alcohol-induced flushing acts as an inhibitory factor against excessive alcohol use and consequent problems due to drinking.
Drug and Alcohol DependenceEthnic variation in use and effects of alcohol
52 Citations1978James R. Wilson, Geralde E. McClearn +1 more
Americans living in Hawaii were questioned about their use of alcoholic beverages and compared to current users, former users reported a larger number of problems and symptoms associated with alcohol use.
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental ResearchAccumulation of Acetaldehyde in Alcohol‐Sensitive Japanese: Relation to Ethanol and Acetaldehyde Oxidizing Capacity
49 Citations1984Kazuyoshi Inoue, Manabu Fukunaga +2 more
Results suggest that in flushing Orientals lacking the low-Km aldehyde dehydrogenase isozyme, the alternative cytosolic enzyme is responsible for acetaldehyde oxidation, and its activity probably determines the individual variation of acetaldehyde-mediated physiological responses.
Journal of Studies on AlcoholA cross-ethnic comparison of reasons given for using alcohol, not using alcohol or ceasing to use alcohol.
49 Citations1985Ronald C. Johnson, Sylvia Y. Schwitters +3 more
Drinkers, abstainers and former drinkers were similar across racial-ethnic groups in their proportions of endorsement of given reasons for drinking, abstaining or ceasing to use alcohol.
AlcoholPopulation genetic and family studies on aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency and alcohol sensitivity
48 Citations1985H. W. Goedde, D. P. Agarwal +2 more
Population genetic studies on the prevalence of aldehyde dehydrogenase isozyme I deficiency in various Caucasian, Oriental, African, and American Indian subjects were carried out using hair roots as peripheral source of the enzyme activity, suggesting an autosomal codominant mode of inheritance.
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental ResearchRacial Comparisons of Alcohol Metabolism: Background, Problems, and Results
46 Citations1978T. Edward Reed
The variation among races in rate of alcohol metabolism is not different in kind than variation among individuals within a given race and there are good reasons to expect the former variation to be smaller than the latter.
Behavior GeneticsFurther investigation of racial/ethnic differences and of familial resemblances in flushing in response to alcohol
45 Citations1984Ronald C. Johnson, Craig T. Nagoshi +4 more
Fast vs. slow flushing may or may not involve differing genetic mechanisms (probably not, on the basis of data acquired and analyzed to date), however, the two flushing types appear to have different amounts of influence on drinking behavior.
Alcohol and AlcoholismACCULTURATION AND ATTITUDES TOWARD APPROPRIATE DRINKING AMONG U.S. HISPANICS
45 Citations1987Raúl Caetano
Generally, respondents who are more acculturated have more liberal attitudes independent of sex and age, however, these results are more consistent when attitudes refer to specific gender and age groups than when attitudes relate to specific drinking contexts.
Genetics of Alcoholism and Alcohol Actions
44 Citations1984Richard A. Deitrich, Karen Spuhler
This chapter considers the genetics of alcohol metabolism in humans and the more recent data from twin, half-sibling, and adoption studies which indicate that humans inherit a risk for alcoholism.
Journal of Studies on AlcoholAntihistamine blockade of alcohol-induced flushing in orientals.
43 Citations1988Norman S. Miller, Donald W. Goodwin +5 more
The so-called Oriental flushing reaction associated with ingestion of small amounts of alcohol was antagonized by combined antihistamine administration and the antihistamines neutralized the systolic hypotension induced by the administration of alcohol.
Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorCorrelation between human erythrocyte aldehyde dehydrogenase activity and sensitivity to alcohol
42 Citations1980Kazuyoshi Inoue, Manabu Fukunaga +1 more
It is suggested that erythrocyte aldehyde dehydrogenase activity affects or reflects blood acetaldehyde levels and physiological response to alcohol, and may prove useful as a marker for alcohol sensitivity in Orientals.
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental ResearchFamilial Transmission of Alcohol Use Norms and Expectancies and Reported Alcohol Use
38 Citations1990Ronald C. Johnson, Craig T. Nagoshi +3 more
Within individuals, own quantity-frequency of alcohol use was moderately negatively correlated with flushing after one drink or less ("fast flushing"), but more highly positively correlated with judged normal alcohol use and with expected subjective effects.
Journal of Psychoactive DrugsCultural Factors as Explanations for Ethnic Group Differences in Alcohol Use in Hawaii
34 Citations1987Ronald C. Johnson, Craig T. Nagoshi +3 more
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental ResearchCultural Influences and Alcoholism: A Study of Puerto Ricans
31 Citations1985Blanca Fernandez‐Pol, Harvey Bluestone +2 more
The findings show that traditionalism is a significant predictor of alcoholism, both directly and as an intervening variable in the relation between sex and alcoholism, and education and alcoholism.
Behavior GeneticsFamilial resemblances in flushing following alcohol use
31 Citations1982Sylvia Y. Schwitters, Ronald C. Johnson +2 more
Forty-seven sets of parents and 77 adult offspring from families of Caucasian, Chinese, or Japanese ancestry provided data regarding their use of alcohol and their flushing responses following alcohol consumption, and race/ethnicity was associated with the flushing response.
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental ResearchMetabolic Responses of Chinese, Japanese and Europeans to Alcohol
30 Citations1978Joel M. Hanna
The Japanese and Chinese metabolized at a significantly higher rate than the Europeans tested under standardized conditions, and possible sources of such differences are considered.
2. The Social Mechanism Of Guilt And Shame: The Japanese Case
28 Citations2007Takie Sugiyama Lebra
Journal of Studies on AlcoholMale Chinese drinking behavior in Los Angeles.
27 Citations1988Iris Chi, Harry H. L. Kitano +1 more
Chinese men who go to bars and who have friends who drink were the most likely to be heavy drinkers, and Chinese men with higher education were more apt to be drinkers.
Journal of Studies on AlcoholThe limitations of control-of-supply models for explaining and preventing alcoholism and drug addiction.
26 Citations1987Stanton Peele
The evidence is that control-of-supply policies will never reduce substance abuse significantly and that such policies may backfire by propagating images of substances as being inherently overpowering.
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental ResearchJudgments of “Normal” and “Problem” Alcohol Use as Related to Reported Alcohol Consumption
21 Citations1988George P. Danko, Ronald C. Johnson +4 more
There were small but significant ethnic group differences in the number of specific behaviors judged to be indicative of a drinking problem, with the groups reporting the highest mean alcohol consumption also indicating more behaviors, particularly pathological as opposed to celebratory behaviors, as being problematic.
Journal of Studies on AlcoholFamilial transmission of alcohol consumption and the flushing response to alcohol in three Oriental groups.
20 Citations1988Craig T. Nagoshi, Linda K. Dixon +2 more
To the extent that flushing influences alcohol consumption, the covariance is most likely genetic, and familialities, estimated from components of mother, father and at least one child, were remarkably similar.