Positron emission tomography and its application to the study of cerebrovascular disease in man.
StrokePublished 1 May 1985
William J. Powers, M. E. Raichle
Citations266
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score2.66
SNIP2.52
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TL;DR
Les examens par la PET ont deja montre que les modifications du debit sanguin sont extremement variables, parfois d'une importance clinique incertaine et difficiles a interpreter sans informations concomitantes sur le metabolisme et d'autres variables physiologiques.
Abstract
THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF STROKE in man has been limited by the lack of accurate, non-invasive techniques for measuring regional cerebral blood flow and metabolism.The development of positron emission tomography (PET) has made it practical to study the local hemodynamic and metabolic changes that occur in human subjects with cerebrovascular disease.Although still in a state of rapid technological and methodological development, PET has already provided important new data about the pathophysiology of stroke and promises to be of even greater value in the future.This article will review the current status of PET for the study of cerebrovascular disease in man.A basic understanding of the advantages and limitations of this technique is necessary to properly interpret these studies.Therefore, we will first briefly discuss some technical and methodologic aspects of PET making specific comments about their importance in the study of cerebrovascular disease.Further details about these aspects of PET can be obtained from recently published reviews. 12 MethodologyIn order to apply PET to the study of cerebral physiology, three things are necessary: (1) a positron emission tomograph for accurate measurement of regional radioactivity in vivo, (2) a positron-emitting radiotracer suitable for human use and (3) a mathematical model of radiotracer kinetics that quantitatively relates regional radioactivity measured by PET to the physiologic variable under study. Positron Emission TomographyThe use of radioactive molecules as tracers to investigate biological function is well established.All quantitative radiotracer methods depend on accurate measurement of tracer radioactivity in tissue or in body fluids.Such measurements are easily accomplished in vitro by a variety of techniques including scintillation
Keywords
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58 Citations1981Christopher G. Rhodes, Gian Luigi Lenzi +3 more
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58 Citations1984Gastone G. Celesia
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51 Citations1981Joanna S. Fowler, A.P. Wolf
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47 Citations1981Alfred P. Wolf
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42 Citations1983R. S. J. Frackowiak, Richard G. Wise
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41 Citations1978Richard A. Roski, Spetzler Rf +4 more
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40 Citations1979Sung-Cheng Juang, M.E. Phelps +2 more
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It is concluded that hypercapnic acidosis adversely affects the cerebral energy metabolism in hypotensive states, probably by inducing a flow pattern which leads to regional ischemia.
StrokeRegional cerebral glucose metabolism during and after bilateral cerebral ischemia in the gerbil.
36 Citations1983J Choki, Joel Greenberg +1 more
Cerebral metabolic rate for glucose (CMRG) was measured using the 14C-deoxyglucose technique in a stroke model of the gerbil produced by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion and heterogeneity of CMRG appeared in the cerebral cortex, caudoputamen and thalamus.
Acta Physiologica Scandinavica<b>Cerebral Energy State and Cerebral Venous Po<sub>2</sub> in Experimental Hypotension Caused by Bleeding</b>
33 Citations1972Bo Eklöf, V. MacMillan +1 more
It is concluded that the efficient energy homeostasis observed in the present experiments may have been due to the fact that no tissue acidosis developed.
Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & MetabolismRegional Evaluation of Ischemic Metabolic Alterations
31 Citations1984Frank A. Welsh
It is imperative that bio chemical studies of cerebral ischemia employ methods with appropriate spatial resolution, because metabolic perturbations in the isch emic focus are qualitatively different from those in adjacent tissue.
NeurologyFolate supplements and phenytoin‐sa]licylate interaction
20 Citations1983Fumio Inoue, Ronald J. Walsh
It is found biphasic fluctuations of serum phenytoin level when aspirin was added to chronic pheny toin therapy for an epileptic patient, and after 4 months on phenyToin-aspirin combination therapy, he showed elevated serum phenYtoin levels, mild nystagmus, and serum folate deficiency.
PubMedReversal of aphasia with superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery anastomosis.
18 Citations1976Skip Jacques, Garner Jt
Two patients with aphasia which markedly regressed following superficial temporal to middle cerebral artery anastomoses are reported.
NeuroradiologyDemonstration of decreased functional activity of visual cortex by [11C]methylglucose and positron emission tomography
15 Citations1982Wolf‐Dieter Heiss, K. Vyska +6 more
A hemorrhagic infarction which caused left hemiparesis and homonymous hemianopia was demonstrated as a hypodense lesion on the first CT; 2 weeks later it was hyperdense and enhanced after injecting meglumine.
PubMed[Cerebral blood flow and oxygen extraction in lacunar hemiplegia. Semi-quantitative study using oxygen 15 and emission tomography].
11 Citations1983D Rougemont, Jean‐Claude Baron +4 more
No evidence of physiological dysfunction similar to that reported in internal carotid artery territory infarcts, was detected over the cerebral or cerebellar cortices and the semi-quantitative results in patients with lacunar syndromes did not disclose any pathophysiologically significant abnormality.
Respiration PhysiologyCapillary dilatation in response to hypoxia in the brain of a gobiid fish
11 Citations1972Henning Scheich, Hans‐Willi Honegger +2 more
Typhlogobius californiensis, a small fish living in tide pools, was exposed to 24–36 hr of hypoxia and instantly fixed by deep freezing, and the capillary dilatation may be important in surviving Hypoxia.
Survey of AnesthesiologyEFFECTS OF INCREASED INTRACRANIAL PRESSURE ON CEREBRAL BLOOD VOLUME, BLOOD FLOW, AND OXYGEN UTILIZATION IN MONKEYS
7 Citations1976Robert L. Grubb, M. E. Raichle +2 more
Local Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Consumption in Evolving Irreversible Ischemic Infarction
6 Citations1983Jean‐Claude Baron, D Rougemont +6 more
A detailed study of the quantitative patterns of local cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption in irreversibly infarcted brain regions in completed ischemic stroke is reported.
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