The role of epidemiology in needle exchange programs
American Journal of Public HealthPublished 1 September 2000Open access
David Vlahov
Citations25
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
Keywords
Social SciencesMedicine
The LancetEffectiveness of needle-exchange programmes for prevention of HIV infection
426 Citations1997Susan F. Hurley, Damien John Jolley +1 more
The results of this ecological study design strongly support the view that NEPs are effective, and explain the plausible explanation for this difference in HIV incidence among injecting drug users.
The LancetHIV incidence among injecting drug users in New York City syringe-exchange programmes
410 Citations1996Don C. Des Jarlais, Michael Marmor +6 more
An individual-level protective effect against HIV infection associated with participation in a syringe-exchange programme is observed and Sterile injection equipment should be legally provided to reduce the risk of HIV infection in persons who inject illicit drugs.
Preventing HIV Transmission: The Role of Sterile Needles and Bleach
327 Citations1995Jacques Normand, David Vlahov +1 more
American Journal of EpidemiologyHigh Rates of HIV Infection among Injection Drug Users Participating in Needle Exchange Programs in Montreal: Results of a Cohort Study
308 Citations1997Julie Bruneau, F Lamothe +5 more
Risk elevations for HIV infection associated with NEP attendance were substantial and consistent in all three risk assessment scenarios in the authors' cohort of injection drug users, despite extensive adjustment for confounders.
JAMASyringe and Needle Exchange as HIV/AIDS Prevention for Injection Drug Users
285 Citations1994John K. Watters
The hypothesis that a syringe exchange program would stimulate increased drug abuse in terms of frequency of injection or recruitment of new and/or younger users was not supported.
American Journal of EpidemiologySyringe Exchange and Risk of Infection with Hepatitis B and C Viruses
255 Citations1999Holly Hagan, James P. McGough +4 more
A cohort study among Seattle injection drug users to assess whether participation in a syringe exchange program was associated with incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection suggests that no such benefit occurred during the period of the study.
American Journal of Public HealthReduced risk of hepatitis B and hepatitis C among injection drug users in the Tacoma syringe exchange program.
250 Citations1995Holly Hagan, Des Jarlais +3 more
The results suggest that use of the exchange led to a significant reduction in hepatitis B and hepatitis C in the county and may have also prevented a substantial proportion of human immunodeficiency virus infections in injection drug users.
AIDSDo needle exchange programmes increase the spread of HIV among injection drug users?: an investigation of the Vancouver outbreak
177 Citations1999Martin T. Schechter, Steffanie A. Strathdee +5 more
No evidence is found that this NEP is causally associated with HIV transmission, and by attracting higher risk users, NEP may furnish a valuable opportunity to provide additional preventive/support services to these difficult-to-reach individuals.
PubMedSyringe and needle exchange as HIV/AIDS prevention for injection drug users.
120 Citations1994John K. Watters, MICHELLE J. ESTILO +2 more
American Journal of EpidemiologyThe Harm Reduction Approach and Risk Factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Seroconversion in Injecting Drug Users, Amsterdam
107 Citations1992Erik J.C. van Ameijden, Janet Hoek +2 more
Influencing injecting drug users to modify behavior to prevent new infections appears to be very difficult, and it may, therefore, be important to increase preventive efforts targeted at the sexual partners of injected drug users.
PubMedDrug abuse treatment success among needle exchange participants.
103 Citations1998Robert K. Brooner, Michael Kidorf +4 more
Compared treatment responses of new admissions with an outpatient opioid agonist treatment program in Baltimore, Maryland demonstrate the feasibility and merits of creating strong linkages between NEPs and more comprehensive drug abuse treatment clinics.
The American Journal of MedicineNeedle exchange decreases the prevalence of HIV-1 proviral DNA in returned syringes in New Haven, Connecticut
90 Citations1993Robert Heimer, Edward H. Kaplan +3 more
The needle exchange program in New Haven has decreased the percentage of syringes testing positive for HIV-1 proviral DNA among needle exchange clients while simultaneously serving as an entry point for drug treatment.
American Journal of Public HealthSyringe vending machines for injection drug users: an experiment in Marseille, France.
83 Citations1999Yolande Obadia, Isabelle Feroni +3 more
Vending machines may be an appropriate strategy for providing access to syringes for younger injection drug users, who have typically avoided needle exchange programs and pharmacies.
Public Health ReportsResearch article. The impact of a needle exchange's closure
75 Citations1999Robert S. Broadhead
The problems in Windham that led to the closure of the needle exchange still remain, and the city's drug injectors are engaging in higher levels of HIV risk behavior.
American Journal of Public HealthSyringe exchange in the United States, 1996: a national profile.
63 Citations1999Denise Paone, Jessica Clark +3 more
Despite continued lack of federal funding, syringe exchange programs expanded in terms of the number of syringes exchanged, the geographic distribution of programs, and the range of services offered.
International Journal of the AddictionsTopic-Focused Bibliography: Syringe Exchange: HIV Prevention, Key Findings, and Future Directions
55 Citations1995Denise Paone, Don C. Des Jarlais +3 more
To date many research studies and four major reviews of syringe exchange literature have shown no increase in illicit drug injection associated with syringe exchanges, and significant decrease in drug risk behaviors.
American Journal of EpidemiologyDiscarded Needles Do Not Increase Soon After the Opening of a Needle Exchange Program
54 Citations1997Michael C. Doherty, Richard S. Garfein +6 more
Regression models fitted with the generalized estimating equation method, which accounted for within-block correlation over time, showed no significant increase in the number of needles after adjustment for trash during the first 2 months of the NEP's operation, suggesting that the initiation of NEPs does not result in an increase inThe number of discarded needles on the street.
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromesComparing New Participants of a Mobile Versus a Pharmacy-Based Needle Exchange Program
51 Citations2000Elise D. Riley, Mahboobeh Safaeian +5 more
The data suggest that different venues for needle exchange program settings attract different types of drug injecting participants, and suggests that offering different venue types to reach participants with differing drug use patterns will be important to optimize risk reduction strategies.
American Journal of Public HealthEpidemiology and the politics of needle exchange
46 Citations2000Andrew R. Moss
PubMedPrevalence and risk factors for positive tuberculin skin tests among active drug users at a syringe exchange program.
34 Citations2000Nadim Salomon, David C. Perlman +3 more
Use of the reduced cutoff point for TST positivity from 10 mm to 5 mm did not significantly affect the prevalence of positive TSTs in this cohort of active drug users, and increased prevalence of TB infection with age and with increasing duration of IDU suggests that the duration spent in IDU environments may increase infection risk.
National Academies Press eBooksProceedings--Workshop on Needle Exchange and Bleach Distribution Programs
24 Citations1994Bleach Distribution Programs
This book reports on research on and experience with needle exchange and bleach distribution programs and their effects on rates of drug use, the behavior of injection drug users, and the spread of HIV and other infectious diseases among injection drugUsers.
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromesComparing New Participants of a Mobile Versus a Pharmacy-Based Needle Exchange Program
21 Citations2000Elise D. Riley, Mahboobeh Safaeian +5 more
The data suggest that different venues for needle exchange program settings attract different types of drug injecting participants, and suggests that offering different venue types to reach participants with differing drug use patterns will be important to optimize risk reduction strategies.