Dietary Intake of Whole Grains
Journal of the American College of NutritionPublished 1 June 2000
Linda Cleveland, Alanna Moshfegh, Ann M. Albertson, Joseph D. Goldman
Citations218
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TL;DR
Consumption of whole-grain foods by U.S. adults falls well below the recommended level, and a large proportion of the population could benefit from eating more whole grain, and efforts are needed to encourage consumption.
Abstract
Consumption of whole-grain foods by U.S. adults falls well below the recommended level. A large proportion of the population could benefit from eating more whole grain, and efforts are needed to encourage consumption.
Keywords
MedicineNursing
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The case-control evidence is supportive of the hypothesis that whole-grain intake protects against various cancers and dose-response associations were stronger in studies using food-frequency questionnaires than in more quantitative questionnaires.
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The FGPAAS would be useful in the analysis of diets and can aid in the delivery of nutrition education, to encourage and to improve food choice practices.
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During 1956-66, 337 healthy middle-aged men in London and south-east England participated in a seven-day individual weighed dietary survey, which showed two main relationships with diet.
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JAMAThe Hypocholesterolemic Effects of β-Glucan in Oatmeal and Oat Bran
272 Citations1991Michael Davidson
A dose-dependent reduction in LDL-C levels with oat cereals supports the independent hypocholesterolemic effects of β-glucan in the diet, and shows no difference in dietary fat content between these treatment groups.
American Journal of Public HealthIs whole grain intake associated with reduced total and cause-specific death rates in older women? The Iowa Women's Health Study.
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Rates of total mortality, but not cardiovascular disease mortality, were higher among frequent consumers of refined grain, and total mortality risk was inversely associated with whole grain intake and positively associated with refined grain intake.
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Dietary guidance recommends consumption of whole grains to reduce the risk of chronic diseases including cancer and cardiovascular disease, and advice to consume additional whole grains is justifiable.
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The consistency of the patterns observed indicate that, in this population, higher frequency of whole grain food intake is an indicator of reduced risk of several neoplasm at all sites, except thyroid.
CA A Cancer Journal for CliniciansGuidelines on diet, nutrition, and cancer prevention: reducing the risk of cancer with healthy food choices and physical activity. The American Cancer Society 1996 Advisory Committee on Diet, Nutrition, and Cancer Prevention
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There is a striking consistency in reduced risk for colorectal and gastric cancers associated with intake of whole grain, also found in isolated studies of endometrial cancer and coronary heart disease.
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106 Citations1997LE Cleveland, DA Cook +2 more
A recipe file showing ingredients at multiple levels of breakdown was developed and used to disaggregate food mixtures into their ingredients so that they could be placed into pyramid food groups and large proportions of adults failed to meet the dietary recommendations.
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It is critical to design not only appealing formulated foods, but to also ensure adequate consumption of whole foods in order to obtain those compounds the authors know to be linked to good health, as well as those yet-unknown compounds or interactions in food that are also linked toGood health.
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The Food Guide Pyramid illustrates USDA's food guide developed to help people follow the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, and has been especially helpful in emphasizing to the public the importance of increased consumption of vegetables, fruits, and grain products for a healthful diet.
Critical Reviews in Food Science and NutritionEpidemiological evidence for the impact of whole grains on health
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Despite dietary recommendations to increase intake of whole grains, little epidemiological evidence is available to support the physiological importance of whole-grain intake and the few epidemiological studies that have evaluated a role for whole grains suggest that they have an important role in disease prevention and deserve more study.
Critical Reviews in Food Science and NutritionNarrowing the gap: Practical strategies for increasing whole‐grain consumption
12 Citations1994Nancy E. Schwartz
The quantitative recommendation to eat at least three servings of whole-grain foods daily must be integrated into national nutrition documents, such as Healthy People 2000, Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the Food Guide Pyramid, Nutrition Recommendations for Canadians, and Canada's Food Guide to Healthy Eating, if the authors are to be truly successful in communicating the need to increase whole- grain consumption.
