Conditioned inhibition and the UCS-CS interval

Animal Learning & BehaviorPublished 1 June 1976Open access

Steven F. Maier, Peter M. Rapaport, Kimbal L. Wheatley

Citations54

TL;DR

The role of temporal factors in the development of conditioned inhibition was investigated in a backward conditioning design and results are in accord with predictions made by the Solomon-Corbit model of acquired motivation and by Denny's “relaxation” theory of escape and avoidance.

Abstract

The role of temporal factors in the development of conditioned inhibition was investigated in a backward conditioning design. Separate groups of rats received tone CSs either 3 or 30 sec following shock presentations. The CSs predicted the same shock-free interval for both groups. A third group was presented with a random relationship between CS and shock. The CSs were tested by super-imposition on a Sidman avoidance baseline and only the group with a 3-sec UCS-CS interval revealed an inhibitory effect of the CS. These results are in accord with predictions made by the Solomon-Corbit model of acquired motivation and by Denny's "relaxation" theory of escape and avoidance.

Keywords

PsychologyMedicineNeuroscience

Psychological ReviewAn opponent-process theory of motivation: I. Temporal dynamics of affect.

1,675 Citations1974Richard L. Solomon, John Corbit

It is argued that the data on several types of acquired motivation, arising from either pleasurable or aversive stimulation, can be fruitfully reorganized and understood within the framework provided by the opponent-process model.

Journal of Comparative and Physiological PsychologyConditioned inhibition of fear resulting from negative CS-US contingencies.

251 Citations1969Robert A. Rescorla

Two experiments are reported which indicate that negative contingencies between CSs and shock set up conditioned inhibitors, and support the general hypothesis that CS-US contingency is an important factor in fear conditioning.

Elsevier eBooksRelaxation Theory and Experiments

171 Citations1971M. Ray Denny

This chapter discusses relaxation theory and presents some experiments, and presents the abstract concepts of stimulus, response class, and the relationship between them.

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157 Citations1973Elkan Gamzu, David R. Williams

The occurrence of key pecking in auto-shaping can be considered to depend on associative processes similar to classical conditioning, and auto-shaped pecking can be virtually eliminated by the addition of food presentations in the intertrial interval, thus removing the association between key and food.

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ScienceClassical Conditioning of a Complex Skeletal Response

155 Citations1971Elkan Gamzu, David R. Williams

The pigeon's so-called "arbitrary" response of pecking an illuminated disk can be established and maintained by procedures resembling those of classical conditioning, and is shown to be independent of the specific signaling relationships between illumination of the pecking disk and presentation of food.

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152 Citations1970Eliot Hearst, Serena S. Besley +1 more

A variety of methods, definitions, and theoretical notions that have been used in the study of inhibitory stimulus control were reviewed and evaluated, and conclusions were shown to be strongly dependent on the individual experimenter's criterion for deciding when a stimulus is inhibitory.

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Learning and MotivationBackward conditoning as an inhibitory procedure

123 Citations1971Shepard Siegel, Michael Domjan

In both the conditioned suppression situation with rats and the eyelid conditioning situation with rabbits, preconditioning experience with the conditioning stimuli retardation was most pronounced in subjects which had preexposure to the CS and the US in a backward-paired manner.

Psychonomic ScienceIncreased responding to CS− in differential CER

55 Citations1966Lynn J. Hammond

CER Ss showed enhanced response rates during the light, to an extent greater than thatDuring the light presented to the control group, which was compared to the unconditioned effects of the light upon the VI response rate.

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