SIGNALING TO THE ACTIN CYTOSKELETON
Annual Review of Cell and Developmental BiologyPublished 1 November 1998
Anja Schmidt, Michael N. Hall
Citations444
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score6.79
SNIP2.74
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TL;DR
The actin cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic network composed of actin polymers and a large variety of associated proteins that serves to mediate cell motility and cell shape changes during the cell cycle, to organize the cytoplasm, and to generate mechanical forces within the cell.
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic network composed of actin polymers and a large variety of associated proteins. The main functions of the actin cytoskeleton are to mediate cell motility and cell shape changes during the cell cycle and in response to extracellular stimuli, to organize the cytoplasm, and to generate mechanical forces within the cell. The reshaping and functions of the actin cytoskeleton are regulated by signaling pathways. Here we broadly review the actin cytoskeleton and the signaling pathways that regulate it. We place heavy emphasis on the yeast actin cytoskeleton.
Keywords
MedicineBiochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
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The Journal of Cell BiologyUltrastructure of the yeast actin cytoskeleton and its association with the plasma membrane.
363 Citations1994Jon Mulholland, Daphne Preuss +4 more
A possible role for this unique cortical structure in wall growth and osmotic regulation is proposed, and this novel cortical cytoskeleton- plasma membrane interface appears to consist of a fingerlike invagination of plasma membrane around which actin filaments and actin binding proteins are organized.
The EMBO JournalInvolvement of phosphoinositide 3‐kinase in insulin‐ or IGF‐1‐induced membrane ruffling.
359 Citations1994K. Kotani, Kouichiro Yonezawa +8 more
The results suggest that the association of IRS‐1 with PI 3‐kinase followed by the activation of PI 3-kinase are required for insulin‐ or IGF‐1‐ induced, but not for EGF‐induced, membrane ruffling.
Annual Review of Cell and Developmental BiologyTHE MAMMALIAN MYOSIN HEAVY CHAIN GENE FAMILY
358 Citations1996Allison Weiss, Leslie A. Leinwand
The regulation of MYH genes expressed in skeletal muscle and the potential functional implications that distinct MYH isoforms may have on muscle physiology are addressed.
Journal of Biological ChemistryThymosin β4 and Fx, an actin-sequestering peptide, are indistinguishable
356 Citations1991Daniel Safer, Marshall Elzinga +1 more
The widespread distribution and high intracellular concentration of thymosin beta 4 (Fx) strongly suggest that it plays a significant role in regulating actin polymerization in many cell types.
CellAsymmetric Accumulation of Ash1p in Postanaphase Nuclei Depends on a Myosin and Restricts Yeast Mating-Type Switching to Mother Cells
354 Citations1996Nicoletta Bobola, Ralf‐Peter Jansen +2 more
A gene is described, ASH1, that is necessary to repress HO in daughters and encodes a zinc finger protein whose preferential accumulation in daughter cell nuclei at the end of anaphase depends on She1p/Myo4p.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesRas2 signals via the Cdc42/Ste20/mitogen-activated protein kinase module to induce filamentous growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
349 Citations1996Hans‐Ulrich Mösch, Radclyffe L. Roberts +1 more
The results suggest that filamentous growth in budding yeast is regulated by an evolutionarily conserved signaling pathway that controls cell morphology.
Proceedings of the National Academy of SciencesThe t-complex polypeptide 1 complex is a chaperonin for tubulin and actin in vivo.
349 Citations1993H. Sternlicht, George W. Farr +4 more
These findings demonstrate that there is a cytosolic pathway for folding tubulin and actin in vivo that involves the TCP1 complex and could be immunoprecipitated by using an anti-TCP1 antibody.
The Journal of Cell BiologyCellular morphogenesis in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell cycle: localization of the CDC3 gene product and the timing of events at the budding site.
349 Citations1991H.B. Kim, Brian K. Haarer +1 more
The results suggest that the CDC3 protein is organized into a ring at the budding site well before bud emergence and remains so organized for some time after cytokinesis.
The EMBO JournalA downstream target of RHO1 small GTP‐binding protein is PKC1, a homolog of protein kinase C, which leads to activation of the MAP kinase cascade in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
346 Citations1995H. Nonaka, Kazuma Tanaka +6 more
Results indicate that there are at least two signaling pathways regulated by Rho1p and that one of the downstream targets is Pkc1p, leading to the activation of the MAP kinase cascade.
The EMBO JournalActin and fimbrin are required for the internalization step of endocytosis in yeast.
343 Citations1993Eric Kübler, Howard Riezman
Using beta‐tubulin and actin mutant strains, it is shown that actin plays a direct role in receptor‐mediated internalization of alpha‐factor, but is not necessary for transport from the endocytic intermediates to the vacuole.
ScienceRho1p, a Yeast Protein at the Interface Between Cell Polarization and Morphogenesis
338 Citations1996Jana Drgonová, Tomás Drgon +7 more
Experiments with a dominant positive PKC1 gene showed that the two effects of Rho1p are independent of each other, and the colocalization of R Ho1p with actin patches at the site of bud emergence and the role of R ho1p in cell wall synthesis emphasize the importance of RHo1pIn polarized growth and morphogenesis.
ScienceA Role for Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase in Bacterial Invasion
331 Citations1996Keith Ireton, Bernard Payrastre +5 more
Inhibitors and a dominant negative mutation were used to demonstrate that efficient entry requires the phosphoinositide (PI) 3-kinase p85α-p110 in bacterial entry, and may have parallels in some endocytic events.
NatureRequirement of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate for α-actinin function
326 Citations1992Kiyoko Fukami, Kiyoshi Furuhashi +4 more
It is reported here that alpha-actinin from striated muscle is an endogenous PtdInsP2-bound protein and that the specific interaction between alpha- actinin and Ptd InsP2 regulates the F-actIn-gelating activity of alpha-Actinin.
The Journal of Cell BiologyThe role of Myo2, a yeast class V myosin, in vesicular transport.
324 Citations1995Brinda Govindan, Robert Bowser +1 more
It is shown that myo2-66 is synthetically lethal in combination with a subset of the late-acting sec mutations, consistent with a role for Myo2 in transporting a class of secretory vesicles from the mother cell along actin cables into the bud.
ScienceLinkage of Adhesion, Filamentous Growth, and Virulence in <i>Candida albicans</i> to a Single Gene, <i>INT1</i>
323 Citations1998Cheryl A. Gale, Catherine M. Bendel +5 more
Int1 expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was sufficient to direct the adhesion of this normally nonadherent yeast to human epithelial cells, and disruption of INT1 in C. albicans suppressed hyphal growth, adhesion to epithelial Cells, and virulence in mice.
PubMedMolecular cloning and characterization of a novel type of regulatory protein (GDI) for the rho proteins, ras p21-like small GTP-binding proteins.
315 Citations1990Yasuo Fukumoto, Kozo Kaibuchi +6 more
Computer homology search has revealed that rho GDI is a novel protein that does not share a high amino acid sequence homology with any known protein.
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