Development of a Questionnaire to Measure Achievement Orientations in Physical Education

Evidence of construct validity was shown in that students' intrinsic motivation and positive attitudes toward the lesson were positively related to the learning- oriented scales and unrelated to performance-oriented scales.

Abstract

Drawing from the work of Ames (1992) on classroom motivational climate, a questionnaire was developed to measure students' perceptions of achievement orientations in physical education. Exploratory factor analytic results revealed a five-factor solution with good internal consistency. Results from confirmatory factor analyses suggested that the two factors were first-order factors of a second higher-order factor, Learning, and the remaining three factors were subfactors of a second higher-order factor, Performance. Further evidence of construct validity was shown in that students' intrinsic motivation and positive attitudes toward the lesson were positively related to the learning-oriented scales and unrelated to performance-oriented scales. Finally, the questionnaire discriminated classes differing in motivational climate. The results are discussed in terms of the psychometric properties of the questionnaire.