AIDS across Europe, 1994–98: the EuroSIDA study
The LancetPublished 1 July 2000
Amanda Mocroft, Christine Katlama, Margaret Johnson, Christian Pradier, Francisco Antunes, F Mulcahy
Citations459
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score12.11
SNIP22.72
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The findings lend support to the idea that treatment regimens can lower the incidence of ADIs, and the immediate risk of an ADI for a given CD4 lymphocyte count has declined over time and is lower among patients on HAART.
Abstract
Our findings lend support to the idea that treatment regimens can lower the incidence of ADIs. The immediate risk of an ADI for a given CD4 lymphocyte count has declined over time and is lower among patients on HAART. Long-term follow-up of patients on combination treatment is essential to monitor the incidence of new and emerging diagnoses.
Keywords
Immunology and MicrobiologyMedicine
New England Journal of MedicineDeclining Morbidity and Mortality among Patients with Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
9,465 Citations1998Frank J. Palella, Kathleen M. Delaney +6 more
The recent declines in morbidity and mortality due to AIDS are attributable to the use of more intensive antiretroviral therapies.
New England Journal of MedicineA Controlled Trial of Two Nucleoside Analogues plus Indinavir in Persons with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and CD4 Cell Counts of 200 per Cubic Millimeter or Less
2,666 Citations1997Scott M. Hammer, Kathleen Squires +14 more
Treatment with indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine as compared with zidvudine and lam ivudine alone significantly slows the progression of HIV-1 disease in patients with 200 CD4 cells or fewer per cubic millimeter and prior exposure to zidavudine.
JAMAA Randomized, Double-blind Trial Comparing Combinations of Nevirapine, Didanosine, and Zidovudine for HIV-Infected Patients
771 Citations1998Julio Montaner, Peter Reiß +11 more
Triple drug therapy with zidovudine, didanosine, and nevirapine led to a substantially greater and sustained decrease in plasma viral load than the 2-drug regimens studied, suggesting that suppression of viral replication, as demonstrated by a decrease in the plasma HIV-1 RNA load below the level of quantitation of the most sensitive test available, may at least forestall the development of resistance.
The LancetRandomised placebo-controlled trial of ritonavir in advanced HIV-1 disease
540 Citations1998D. William Cameron, Margo Heath‐Chiozzi +9 more
Although earlier intervention with combination therapy may provide much more effective treatment, ritonavir in patients with advanced disease and extensive previous antiretroviral use is safe and effective, lowers the risk of AIDS complications, and prolongs survival.
The LancetEpstein-Barr virus in AIDS-related primary central nervous system lymphoma
520 Citations1991E. M. E. MacMahon, Patricia Charache +6 more
A new strategy for detection of latent EBV with these transcripts as targets for in-situ hybridisation is described, which suggests that the pathogenesis of these AIDS-associated lymphomas may differ from the systemic disease in which only 30-50% of tumours are associated with EBV.
AIDSChanging incidence of AIDS-defining illnesses in the era of antiretroviral combination therapy
418 Citations1997HR Brodt, Bernd S. Kamps +4 more
The incidence of AIDS-defining events in patients with advanced HIV infection at Frankfurt University Hospital has declined by more than 70% from 1992 to 1996, with a trend for malignancies and single opportunistic infections, with the exception of mycobacterial diseases.
Clinical Infectious DiseasesUSPHS/IDSA Guidelines for the Prevention of Opportunistic Infections in Persons Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Disease-Specific Recommendations*
412 Citations1995USPHS/IDSA Prevention of Opportunistic Infections Working Group
The LancetCytomegalovirus retinitis after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy
373 Citations1997Mark Z. Jacobson, Michael E. Zegans +6 more
The findings suggest that the early immunological effects of HAART may not provide sufficient protection to prevent CMV retinitis in patients who have very low CD4 counts when therapy is started.
AIDSImpact of protease inhibitors on AIDS-defining events and hospitalizations in 10 French AIDS reference centres
363 Citations1997Y Mouton, S. Alfandari +10 more
This study supports the extensive use of HAART in HIV-infected patients and shows a clear benefit to early HAART with a drop in hospitalization days, new AIDS cases, and deaths.
PubMedPredictive value of CD4 lymphocyte numbers for the development of opportunistic infections and malignancies in HIV-infected persons.
331 Citations1991Suzanne M. Crowe, John B. Carlin +3 more
Data from 185 HIV-infected individuals with 265 AIDS-defining illnesses who had T-lymphocyte subset analyses performed provide a basis for interim treatment and prophylaxis recommendations and concur with clinical impressions.
The LancetSerial CD4 lymphocyte counts and development of AIDS
296 Citations1991ChristineA. Lee, PeterB.A. Kernoff +5 more
The results suggest that differences in the time at which patients with HIV will progress to AIDS can largely be explained by differences in rates of decline of CD4 lymphocyte counts.
Annals of Internal MedicineNatural History of Opportunistic Disease in an HIV-Infected Urban Clinical Cohort
285 Citations1996Richard D. Moore, Richard E. Chaisson
The contemporary natural history of opportunistic disease in an urban population may be particularly relevant given the recent trends toward higher rates of HIV infection and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in women, members of racial and ethnic minority groups, and injection drug users.
BMJRisk of HIV related Kaposi's sarcoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with potent antiretroviral therapy: prospective cohort study
249 Citations1999Bruno Ledergerber, A. Telenti +1 more
The rate of progression to new AIDS defining events has been reduced considerably since the introduction of potent antiretroviral combination therapy, but it is unclear whether the reduction has been the same for all opportunistic infections and malignancies, or whether the effect has been greater for some conditions than for others.
The LancetDiscontinuation of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis after start of highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-1 infection
223 Citations1999Gerrit Jan Weverling, Amanda Mocroft +8 more
The risk of PCP after stopping primary prophylaxis, especially in patients on HAART with a rise in CD4-lymphocyte count to more than 200 cells/microL, is sufficiently low to warrant discontinuation of primary PCP prophYLaxis.
AIDSOpportunistic infections occurring during highly active antiretroviral treatment
183 Citations1998C. Michelet, C. Arvieux +9 more
In patients at high risk of developing an opportunistic infection prior to the institution of a HAART regimen, prophylaxis should not be discontinued during the first 2 months of treatment, and maintenance therapy should be carried on despite a significant increase in the CD4 cell count.
Archives of Internal MedicineDistribution of CD4+ T Lymphocytes at Diagnosis of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome—Defining and Other Human Immunodeficiency Virus—Related Illnesses
111 Citations1995Debra L. Hanson
Observations support the need for continued CD4 + cell count monitoring below a level of 0.20 ×10 9 /L as a guide to diagnosis and medical management of HIV-infected persons.
PubMedPathogenesis of AIDS-related lymphomas: molecular and histogenetic heterogeneity.
105 Citations1998Gianluca Gaïdano, Antonino Carbone +1 more
Clinical Infectious DiseasesThe Incidence and Spectrum of AIDS-Defining Illnesses in Persons Treated with Antiretroviral Drugs
102 Citations1998David M. Forrest, Elena Seminari +8 more
In patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in the modern era, the incidence ofAIDS-defining illnesses has decreased substantially, but the spectrum of AIDS-def defining illnesses remains unchanged.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes & Human RetrovirologyEFFECT OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY ON RECENT TRENDS IN CANCERS AMONG HIV-INFECTED PERSONS
97 Citations1998Jeffery L. Jones, Debra L. Hanson +1 more
Although for KS the decline occurred in both treated and untreated groups (difference in rate of decline not significant, p = .08), it was sharper in the treated group; additionally, KS declined faster in the era after highly active antiretroviral agents were introduced, thus, these decreases may be due in part to the effect of antireTroviral therapy slowing the progression of HIV disease.
PubMedEffect of antiretroviral therapy on recent trends in selected cancers among HIV-infected persons. Adult/Adolescent Spectrum of HIV Disease Project Group.
79 Citations1999Jones Jl, Hanson Dl +3 more
JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromesChanges in AIDS-Defining Illnesses in a London Clinic, 1987–1998
75 Citations1999Amanda Mocroft, Caroline Sabin +9 more
Archives of Internal MedicineThe Incidence of AIDS-Defining Illnesses in 4883 Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection
73 Citations1998Amanda Mocroft
This study provides important information about the risk of AIDS-defining illnesses at lower CD4 lymphocyte counts, enabling disease-specific prophylaxis to be targeted at the most appropriate population.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes & Human RetrovirologyRegional Differences in Use of Antiretroviral Agents and Primary Prophylaxis in 3122 European HIV-Infected Patients
65 Citations1997Jens Lundgren, Andrew Phillips +11 more
ARV therapy was more frequently used among patients from southern and central Europe as compared with patients from northern Europe, especially among patients with CD4 counts >200 cells/microl, and antifungal therapies are used differently in different parts of Europe.
AIDSChanges in use of antiretroviral therapy in regions of Europe over time
64 Citations1998Ole Kirk, Amanda Mocroft +8 more
Use of antiretroviral therapy in Europe has changed dramatically towards combination treatment in the last few years, and regional differences in use of antifiltration therapy have decreased, and by September 1997 only minor differences remained.
PubMedThe AIDS-defining diagnosis and subsequent complications: a survival-based severity index.
55 Citations1991Bradley J. Turner, L E Markson +3 more
This severity measure uses longitudinal data commonly available to clinicians and researchers to create distinct AIDS prognostic categories to define a survival-based severity measure for AIDS.
The LancetStaging system for clinical AIDS patients
50 Citations1995Amanda Mocroft, Andrew Phillips +9 more
A simple staging system that accounts for important prognostic factors including type and number of AIDS diseases and the CD4 lymphocyte count is required and should be useful for patient management, clinical trial design, surveillance, and resource management.
The Journal of Infectious DiseasesIncidence Of Clinical Aids Conditions In A Cohort Of Homosexual Men With CD4+ Cell Counts <100/mm3
46 Citations1994Helena Bacellar, A. Munoz +5 more
The incidence pattern of AIDS-defining illnesses in patients receiving treatment points to the changing AIDS epidemic and the need for new therapies, particularly relevant to the development and planning of clinical trials and to health care providers.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes & Human RetrovirologyRapid Change in the Use of Antiretroviral Agents and Improvement in a Population of HIV-Infected Patients: France, 1995 to 1997
44 Citations1998Rosemary Dray‐Spira, Catherine Marimoutou +3 more
Over this 3-year period, physicians prescribed antiretroviral treatments more and more frequently, and triple combination therapy with PI is now common practice in France.
PubMedSurvival prognosis of HIV-infected patients.
40 Citations1993Debra L. Hanson, C. Robert Horsburgh +3 more
This study found that a CD4 level of < 200 cells/microliters and the presence of an AIDS-indicating condition are independently predictive of survival in HIV-infected persons.
The LancetRisk of new AIDS diseases in people on triple therapy
40 Citations1999Veronica Miller, Schlomo Staszewski +4 more
AIDSAIDS diagnoses at higher CD4 counts in Australia following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral treatment
24 Citations1999Matthew Law, Leandra de Winter +3 more
There has been an increase in the CD4 count at AIDS diagnosis for most AIDS-defining illnesses in Australia coincident with the widespread availability of HAART.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes & Human RetrovirologySurvival in 2367 Zidovudine-Treated Patients According to Use of Other Nucleoside Analogue Drugs
18 Citations1998Andrew Phillips, Christine Katlama +8 more
Overall, risk of death was reduced in those zidovudine-treated patients who began at least one other nucleoside analogue drug with or after taking zidvudine, suggesting that the beneficial effect of nucleosideside combination therapy identified in controlled trials can be seen in routine clinical practice.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes & Human RetrovirologyHas the Spectrum of AIDS-Defining Illnesses Been Changing Since the Introduction of New Treatments and Combination of Treatments?
13 Citations1999Patrizio Pezzotti, Luigino Dal Maso +3 more