Development of a therapeutic vaccine for the treatment of cocaine addiction
Drug and Alcohol DependencePublished 1 December 1997
Barbara S. Fox
Citations83
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.66
SNIP1.35
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
If the patient uses cocaine after being vaccinated, the antibody will inhibit the reinforcing activity of cocaine and decrease the likelihood of relapse, suggesting that a cocaine vaccine may be a powerful therapeutic tool.
Abstract
No pharmacotherapies have yet been approved for the treatment of cocaine addiction. One new approach is to block the effects of cocaine with anti-cocaine antibodies induced by a therapeutic cocaine vaccine. A cocaine vaccine has been developed which induces a cocaine-specific antibody response in rodents. The antibody binds to cocaine in the circulation and can be shown to inhibit the ability of cocaine to enter the brain. Furthermore, anti-cocaine antibody can inhibit cocaine self-administration in rats. These data suggest that a cocaine vaccine may be a powerful therapeutic tool. The intent is to immunized motivated patients with the vaccine as part of a comprehensive treatment program. If the patient uses cocaine after being vaccinated, the antibody will inhibit the reinforcing activity of cocaine and decrease the likelihood of relapse.
Keywords
MedicineNeurosciencePharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics
NatureHyperlocomotion and indifference to cocaine and amphetamine in mice lacking the dopamine transporter
2,481 Citations1996Bruno Giros, Mohamed Jaber +3 more
In homozygote mice, dopamine persists at least 100 times longer in the extracellular space, explaining the biochemical basis of the hyperdopaminergic phenotype and demonstrating the critical role of the transporter in regulating neurotransmission.
ScienceCocaine Receptors on Dopamine Transporters Are Related to Self-Administration of Cocaine
2,194 Citations1987Mary C. Ritz, R. J. Lamb +2 more
It is shown here that the potencies of cocaine-like drugs in self-administration studies correlate with their potencies in inhibiting [3H]mazindol binding to the dopamine transporters in the rat striatum, but not with theirPotencies in binding to a large number of other presynaptic and postsynaptic binding sites.
Plenum Press eBooksVaccine design : the subunit and adjuvant approach
451 Citations1995Michael F. Powell, Mark J. Newman +1 more
Drug Metabolism and DispositionCocaine disposition in humans after intravenous injection, nasal insufflation (snorting), or smoking.
260 Citations1989A. Robert Jeffcoat, Mario Perez‐Reyes +3 more
Metabolism, followed by urinary excretion of metabolites, proved to be the major route of elimination in all cases and hydrolytic products (benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester) were the major excretion products.
NatureChanges in heroin self-administration by a rhesus monkey after morphine immunisation
223 Citations1974Kathryn Bonese, Bruce H. Wainer +3 more
Results indicate that antibodies against morphine can block those effects of heroin on the central nervous system (CNS) that maintain self-administration behaviour.
Nature MedicineEfficacy of a therapeutic cocaine vaccine in rodent models
222 Citations1996Barbara S. Fox, Kathleen M. Kantak +12 more
The feasibility of a therapeutic cocaine vaccine for the treatment of cocaine addiction is established, with decreased levels of cocaine measured in the brain of immunized mice only 30 seconds after intravenous administration of cocaine.
NatureSuppression of psychoactive effects of cocaine by active immunization
220 Citations1995M. Rocío A. Carrera, Jon Ashley +4 more
It is reported here that active immunization with a new, stable cocaine conjugate suppressed locomotor activity and stereotyped behaviour in rats induced by cocaine but not by amphetamine, and suggest that immunopharmacotherapy may be a promising means by which to explore new treatments for cocaine abuse.
Life SciencesHigh affinity dopamine reuptake inhibitors as potential cocaine antagonists: A strategy for drug development
127 Citations1990Richard B. Rothman
The author suggests that type 2 agents may antagonize the effects of cocaine, and might prove useful in the treatment of cocaine addiction.
PubMedCocaine: analysis, pharmacokinetics, and metabolic disposition.
117 Citations1988Peter Jatlow
Cocaine's very rapid elimination from the body should be considered in attempting to understand patterns of cocaine abuse, and such phenomena as bingeing and acute tolerance.
PsychopharmacologyRate of binding of various inhibitors at the dopamine transporter in vivo
77 Citations1995Marigo Stathis, Ursula Scheffel +4 more
There was no obvious correlation between rate of occupancy in this animal model and abuse liability in humans, which is consistent with the notion that other factors are critical as well.
Pharmacology Biochemistry and BehaviorEffects of passive immunization against morphine on heroin self-administration
54 Citations1978Anthony K. Killian, Kathryn Bonese +3 more
Antimorphine antibodies produced in Rhesus monkeys immunized with morphine-6-hemisuccinate-BSA were passively administered to recipient monkeys trained to self-administer heroin and cocaine, which increased heroin self-administration without affecting cocaine responding.
PsycEXTRA DatasetSome Relationships Between Addiction and Drug Delivery to the Brain
44 Citations1992William H. Oldendorf
Two separate hemodynamic radioisotope studies of brain blood flow in humans are consistent with the proposed hypothesis that the interval between drug intake and perceived effect is a significant consideration when explaining severity of addiction.
Pharmaceutical biotechnologyHaemophilus influenzae Type b Conjugate Vaccines
39 Citations1995Peter J. Kniskern, Stephen Marburg +1 more
Hib vaccines may follow the lead of past vaccines toward eradication of disease or at least a high degree of medical control, thereby virtually eliminating the mortality and insidious morbidity associated with invasive Hib diseases.
Journal of Pharmaceutical SciencesMass Spectrometric Studies of Cocaine Disposition in Animals and Humans Using Stable Isotope-Labeled Analogues
33 Citations1989Satya P. Jindal, Theresa Lutz
Unmetabolized 1a, its pharmacologically active metabolite 2, and other major metabolites were quantitated in the rat brain, plasma, and urine using stable isotope-labeled analogues as internal standards and selected ion monitoring (SIM) mass spectrometry.
National Academies Press eBooksThe Development of Medications for the Treatment of Opiate and Cocaine Addictions
32 Citations1995Carolyn E. Fulco
The current environment for and obstacles to the development of anti-addiction medications, specifically those for treating opiate and cocaine addictions, are examined, and incentives for the pharmaceutical industry are proposed that would help overcome those obstacles and accelerate the development.
Current BiologyDrug addiction: Knockout mice and dirty drugs
31 Citations1996George R. Uhl, David J. Vandenbergh +1 more
Recent studies with knockout mice implicate the dopamine transporter as the target of the locomotor effects of the addictive psychomotor drugs cocaine and amphetamine; studies of rewarded animals are eagerly awaited.
PubMedCocaine: general characteristics, abuse, and addiction.
24 Citations1989Norman S. Miller, Mark S. Gold +1 more
Article de synthese sur la toxicomanie a la cocaine: voie d'administration, neurochimie, effets psychologiques et physiologiques aigus et chroniques, tolerance, dependance, metabolisme.