The second national prevalence survey of infection in hospitals: methodology
Journal of Hospital InfectionPublished 1 May 1995
A.M. Emmerson, J.E. Enstone, M.C. Kelsey
Citations40
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.02
SNIP1.15
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The methods used to perform a very large multicentred prevalence survey of infection in hospitals in England and Wales, Scotland and all Ireland are described.
Abstract
This paper describes the methods used to perform a very large multicentred prevalence survey of infection in hospitals. Infection control teams were trained centrally to use a standardized questionnaire and agreed definitions to collect prevalence data on a portable computer. The study was coordinated from a single centre and the analysis performed by the statistics department at Central Public Health Laboratory, Colindale, London. The survey included 157 centres throughout England and Wales, Scotland and all Ireland. The survey was carried out as a joint venture by members of The Hospital Infection Society, The Public Health Laboratory Service and the Infection Control Nurses' Association of the British Isles and was organized by a Steering Committee.
Keywords
Medicine
American Journal of Infection ControlCDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988
5,776 Citations1988Julia S. Garner, William R. Jarvis +3 more
The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) has developed a new set of definitions for surveillance of nosocomial infections that combine specific clinical findings with results of laboratory and other tests that include recent advances in diagnostic technology.
American Journal of EpidemiologyTHE EFFICACY OF INFECTION SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMS IN PREVENTING NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS IN US HOSPITALS
2,085 Citations1985Robert W. Haley, David H. Culver +5 more
It is found that the establishment of intensive infection surveillance and control programs was strongly associated with reductions in rates of nosocomial urinary tract infection, surgical wound infection, pneumonia, and bacteremia between 1970 and 1975-1976, after controlling for other characteristics of the hospitals and their patients.
American Journal of EpidemiologyTHE NATIONWIDE NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION RATE
719 Citations1985Robert W. Haley, David H. Culver +3 more
If adjustments are made for the accuracy of the diagnostic method, the increasing nationwide secular trend, and the number of nosocomial infections in nursing homes, however, as many as 4 million nosocomIAL infections per year may now be occurring.
The Journal of Infectious DiseasesRisk Factors for Nosocomial Infection
138 Citations1978J. Freeman, J. E. McGowan
Certain underlying diseases, procedures, hospital services, and categories of age, sex, race, and urgency of admission were all found to be significant risk factors for nosocomial infection.
Journal of Hospital InfectionDesign and execution
114 Citations1981P.D. Meers, G.A.J. Ayliffe +5 more
A study to determine the prevalence of infection among patients in hospital in England and Wales was designed during 1979 and conducted in 43 hospitals and 18,186 patients in mid-1980.
The LancetREPEATED PREVALENCE SURVEYS FOR MONITORING EFFECTIVENESS OF HOSPITAL INFECTION CONTROL
106 Citations1989G.L. French, S. L. Wong +2 more
In a 1400-bedded teaching hospital single-day prevalence surveys of hospital infection, infection control policies can have substantial impact on the prevalence of hospital-acquired infection, and their effectiveness can readily be measured by repeated prevalence surveys.
Clinical Infectious DiseasesMethodologic Issues in Hospital Epidemiology. I. Rates, Case-Finding, and Interpretation
95 Citations1981Jonathan Freeman, J. E. McGowan
Surveys of nosocomial infection that have been published in the last two decades present great diversity in both purpose and methods, which limits the ability to draw generalizations.
Journal of Hospital InfectionPrevalence of hospital-acquired infections in Spain
83 Citations1992
The following procedures were shown to be significantly associated with hospital-acquired infections: urinary catheterization, parenteral nutrition, mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy, and the degree of contamination during surgery was also a significantly associated risk factor.
Journal of Hospital InfectionThe national prevalence survey of nosocomial infections in Belgium, 1984
76 Citations1987Renato Mertens, Guy Kegels +10 more
A national one-day prevalence survey of nosocomial infections was carried out in March 1984 in 106 Belgian acute-care hospitals involving 8723 patients of whom 6130 had undergone surgery and found no association between perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis and the prevalence of the infections studied.
PubMedThe importance of surveillance after discharge from hospital in the diagnosis of postoperative wound infection.
75 Citations1990D J Law, S F Mishriki +1 more
The incidence of infection was consistent with that reported by other studies, but the infection rate in the 'clean' surgical category was higher than in most other published reports.
Journal of Hospital InfectionPrevalence of nosocomial infection and infection control in Denmark
73 Citations1980O.B. Jepsen, Nikolaj Mortensen
Two centrally planned cross-sectional prevalence surveys were conducted in several Danish hospitals to estimate rates of nosocomial and community-acquired infection, and antibiotic consumption, and there was a need for a further study on the use of bacteriological reports for the surveillance of Nosocomial infection in this country.
Journal of HygieneSurveys of hospital infection in the Birmingham region: I. Effect of age, sex, length of stay and antibiotic use on nasal carriage of tetracycline-resistant <i>Staphyloccus aureus</i> and on post-operative wound infection
59 Citations1977G.A.J. Ayliffe, KathleenM. Brightwell +4 more
The results showed that the infection rate was lowest among patients between 20 and 40 years old, and was significantly more common in male than in female patients, and there was correlation between nasal carriage of tetracycline-resistant staphylococci and age of the patient and length of hospital stay.
Scandinavian Journal of Infectious DiseasesPrevalence of Hospital-Associated Infections in Five Swedish Hospitals in November 1975
58 Citations1978Sverker Bernander, Anna Hambræus +3 more
A prevalence study of this order of size seems adequate to assess the overall rate of hospital-associated infections in Sweden as compared to other countries, however, differences in prevalence rates between hospitals and clinics should be interpreted with great care.
Infection Control and Hospital EpidemiologyNosocomial Infection—The Irreducible Minimum
51 Citations1986G.A.J. Ayliffe
It seems likely that little additional finance will be available for control of infection, other than for transmissible infections with high mortality such as AIDS, and priorities must be set on the most effective use of staff and finances.
American Journal of Infection ControlStudy of the Definition of Nosocomial Infections (SDNI)
40 Citations1991Elaine Larson, Teresa Horan +4 more
A study was conducted in two groups of U.S. hospitals to assess validity and reliability of definitions of nosocomial infection and found that certification, content and construct validity were formally tested and demonstrated.
Journal of Hospital InfectionPrevalence survey of infection in a Hong Kong hospital using a standard protocol and microcomputer data analysis
30 Citations1987G.L. French, A. F. B. Cheng +1 more
A 1-day prevalence survey of hospital infection was performed in June 1985 at a new general teaching hospital in Hong Kong and the 1980 British national survey protocol was used, and the results were analysed by microcomputer.
Journal of Hospital InfectionInfection Control in hospitals: has its quality-enhancing and cost-effective role been appreciated?
29 Citations1993Ariane Chaudhuri
Data testify to the role of hitherto somewhat undervalued Infection Control in hospitals as a key factor in the quality of medical care and its contribution towards cost-effectiveness in various health care systems, including the National Health Service in the UK (NHS).
Clinical Infectious DiseasesMethodologic Issues in Hospital Epidemiology. II. Time and Accuracy in Estimation
29 Citations1981Jonathan Freeman, J. E. McGowan
Methods used for the study of chronic diseases may be employed in evaluating some aspects of nosocomial infection, and a common, interconvertible set of definitions of rates that includes measures of both prevalence and incidence of infection is possible.
Journal of Hospital InfectionInfection control organization in hospitals in England and Wales, 1986
23 Citations1988Anthony Howard
The results demonstrated that some form of infection control organization was present in all districts, 98% had control of infection officers and 92% control of infections committees.
Journal of Hospital InfectionHow to cost and fund an infection control programme
21 Citations1993Shaheen Mehtar
The cost of providing the service, the savings that accrue from the IC policies in a hospital and, finally, the cost of infective episodes and outbreaks are addressed.