Relationships between depression and psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia during an acute episode and stable period
Schizophrenia ResearchPublished 1 March 2001
Christophe Lançon, Pascal Auquier, G. Reine, David W. Bernard, Donald Addington
Citations64
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.21
SNIP0.98
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
The relationship between depression and other symptoms of schizophrenia appear to differ during different stages of illness, with patients in the stable period more depressed than those in an acute episode.
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to explore the relationship between depression and psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia over the course of illness. Sixty-eight patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia were enrolled, 27 in an acute episode, 41 when stable. Assessments were performed using the Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS) for depression and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for psychotic symptoms. When considering patients in an acute episode (52% depressed), the CDSS score was correlated only with the PANSS positive sub-scale score. For patients in the stable period (38% depressed), the CDSS score was correlated with positive as well as negative and general psychopathology sub-scale scores. Hence, the relationship between depression and other symptoms of schizophrenia appear to differ during different stages of illness.
Keywords
MedicineNeuroscience
Schizophrenia BulletinThe Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for Schizophrenia
21,398 Citations1987Stanley R. Kay, Abraham Fiszbein +1 more
Review of five studies involving the PANSS provided evidence of its criterion-related validity with antecedent, genealogical, and concurrent measures, its predictive validity, its drug sensitivity, and its utility for both typological and dimensional assessment.
The British Journal of PsychiatryA New Depression Scale Designed to be Sensitive to Change
13,927 Citations1979Stuart Montgomery, Marie Åsberg
The construction of a depression rating scale designed to be particularly sensitive to treatment effects is described, and its capacity to differentiate between responders and non-responders to antidepressant treatment was better than the HRS, indicating greater sensitivity to change.
British Journal of Social and Clinical PsychologyDevelopment of a Rating Scale for Primary Depressive Illness
8,470 Citations1967Max Hamilton
This is an account of further work on a rating scale for depressive states, including a detailed discussion on the general problems of comparing successive samples from a ‘population’, the meaning of factor scores, and the other results obtained.
Journal of the American Medical AssociationDementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias
4,407 Citations1951Eugen Bleuler
JAMADSM-IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
2,598 Citations1994Carl C. Bell
The DSM-IV: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , fourth edition, was developed with a great deal of input from mental health professionals and professional organizations and is a great improvement over thethird edition (DSM-III) and the third edition, revised (DSS-III-R).
Journal of Psychosomatic ResearchMeasurement and classification of psychiatric symptoms
2,201 Citations1975David Goldberg
BMJMolecular pathology of schizophrenia: more than one disease process?
1,858 Citations1980T.J. Crow
In Florence showed some symptomatic improvement with only minor side effects, but this requires confirmation in a controlled trial, and another approach is based on the finding that suppressor lymphocyte activity is depressed during acute relapses in multiple sclerosis.
Schizophrenia ResearchA depression rating scale for schizophrenics
1,249 Citations1990Donald Addington, Jean Addington +1 more
A new rating scale for the measurement of depression in schizophrenia is developed based on items selected from the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and the Present State Examination based on a three stage procedure first factor analysis then measures of internal consistency and finally face validity.
The British Journal of PsychiatryAssessing Depression in Schizophrenia: The Calgary Depression Scale
1,174 Citations1993Donald Addington, Jean Addington +1 more
The authors describe a new scale, the Calgary Depression Scale, which was designed for the assessment of depression in schizophrenia and was derived from two existing scales by factor analysis and reliability analysis and has been shown to be reliable, congruent with a self-report scale and valid.
Archives of General PsychiatryThe Well-being of Chronic Mental Patients
602 Citations1983Anthony F. Lehman
Adding patients' subjective QOL evaluations doubled the explanatory power of a model based only on personal characteristics and objective life conditions, and global well-being was most consistently associated with personal safety, social relations, finances, leisure, and health care variables.
Schizophrenia BulletinPyramidical Model of Schizophrenia
441 Citations1990Stanley R. Kay, Serge Sevy
A standardized and administered 30-item psychiatric symptom scale to 240 schizophrenic inpatients implies that negative and positive syndromes show factorial validity and distinction from depression but, alone, are insufficient to accommodate the full diversity of symptoms.
The British Journal of PsychiatrySyndromes of Chronic Schizophrenia
287 Citations1990Peter F. Liddle, Thomas R. E. Barnes
It is reported of an earlier finding that the symptoms of patients with chronic schizophrenia segregate into three syndromes: psychomotor poverty, disorganisation, and reality distortion.
Schizophrenia ResearchSpecificity of the Calgary Depression Scale for schizophrenics
262 Citations1994Donald Addington, J ADDINGTON +1 more
It is concluded that the CDS achieves a useful degree of separation between measures of depression, negative and extrapyramidal symptoms in subjects with schizophrenia, when combined with the other measures used in this study.
The British Journal of PsychiatryRelationships Among Negative, Positive, and Depressive Symptoms in Schizophrenia and Psychotic Depression
232 Citations1996Kenji W. Sax, Stephen M. Strakowski +4 more
The relationship between positive symptoms and depression in schizophrenia and not psychotic depression suggests the severity of depression may be involved in this relationship.
Archives of General Psychiatry'Revealed' Depression and Drug Treatment for Schizophrenia
231 Citations1981Angela Knights
Data for schizophrenic patients in prospective studies and a comparison group of depressives show that depressive symptoms are more prevalent during the acute phase of the illness and they decrease (rather than increase) in severity with effective neuroleptic treatment.
Schizophrenia BulletinDiagnosis of Secondary Depression in Schizophrenia: Implications for DSM-IV
217 Citations1991Samuel G. Siris
The differential diagnosis of secondary depression in schizophrenia is explored and the implications for the inclusion of such a diagnostic category DSM-IV are considered.
American Journal of PsychiatryPostpsychotic depression and negative symptoms: an investigation of syndromal overlap
119 Citations1988Samuel G. Siris, Federico Adan +4 more
In a randomized double-blind trial of imipramine versus placebo as an adjunct to the fluphenazine decanoate and benztropine regimens of the patients with negative symptoms, the patients who received imipramsine seemed to show more improvement.
The British Journal of PsychiatryDepression ‘Revealed’ in Schizophrenia
84 Citations1982Steven R. Hirsch
The results of more recent studies are considered which answer some of the outstanding questions, but in turn raise new ones about the relationship of schizophrenia and depression to their underlying pathophysiology.
Comprehensive PsychiatryCorrelations over time between dysphoric mood and symptomatology in schizophrenia
82 Citations1994Ross Norman, Ashok Malla
American Journal of PsychiatryThe temporal relationship between depressive and psychotic symptoms in recent-onset schizophrenia
73 Citations1990M F Green, Keith H. Nuechterlein +2 more
Onset of depressive periods was concurrent with onset of psychosis more often than expected but was not associated with any other time period, and no distinctive postpsychotic pattern of onset for depression was found.
Acta Psychiatrica ScandinavicaCalgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia: a study of the validity of a French‐language version in a population of schizophrenic patients
62 Citations1998David W. Bernard, Christophe Lançon +3 more
The testing of the reliability and validity of the French version of the CDSS in a population of 70 schizophrenic patients revealed a high level of inter‐rater reliability and a lower stability over time than other depression scales.
The British Journal of PsychiatryDepressive Syndromes in the Year following Onset of a First Schizophrenic Illness
54 Citations1987Allan House, Janet Bostock +1 more
A complete, unselected series of 68 patients who were seen during their first episode of an undoubtedly schizophrenic illness, and followed up one year later (for 56 patients) is described clinically, indicating that depression cannot be attributed solely to the administration of neuroleptics.
Journal of Affective DisordersRelationship between depressive and positive symptoms in schizophrenia
37 Citations1993Sonia Dollfus, M. Petit +1 more
The results show the necessity of taking into account the phase of illness and the diagnostic criteria in order to study depression in schizophrenia.