Efficacy of Nonoxynol 9 Contraceptive Sponge Use in Preventing Heterosexual Acquisition of HIV in Nairobi Prostitutes
JAMAPublished 22 July 1992
Joan K. Kreiss
Citations392
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score5.35
SNIP10.71
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
It was unable to demonstrate that nonoxynol 9 sponge use was effective in reducing the risk of HIV infection among highly exposed women.
Abstract
Genital ulcers and vulvitis occurred with increased frequency in nonoxynol 9 sponge users. We were unable to demonstrate that nonoxynol 9 sponge use was effective in reducing the risk of HIV infection among highly exposed women.
Keywords
Immunology and MicrobiologyMedicine
BiometricsA Multiple Testing Procedure for Clinical Trials
3,349 Citations1979Peter C. O’Brien, Thomas R. Fleming
The overall size of the procedure is shown to be controlled with virtually the same accuracy as the single sample chi-square test based on N(m1 + m2) observations and the power is found to bevirtually the same.
The LancetFEMALE TO MALE TRANSMISSION OF HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1: RISK FACTORS FOR SEROCONVERSION IN MEN
753 Citations1989D. William Cameron, LourdesJ D'Costa +9 more
Data indicate an extremely high rate of female to male transmission of HIV-1 in the presence of STD and confirm a causal relation between lack of male circumcision, genital ulcer disease, and susceptibility to HIV- 1 infection.
The Journal of Infectious DiseasesCofactors in Male-Female Sexual Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1
712 Citations1991FA Plummer, J. Neil Simonsen +9 more
Stepwise logistic regression analysis confirmed independent associations between HIV-1 infection and oral contraceptive use, condom use, genital ulcers, and C. trachomatis, and the presence of other sexually transmitted diseases may in part explain the heterosexual HIV- 1 epidemic in Africa.
New England Journal of MedicineAIDS Virus Infection in Nairobi Prostitutes
456 Citations1986Joan K. Kreiss, Davy Koech +10 more
JAMAThe Association Between Genital Ulcer Disease and Acquisition of HIV Infection in Homosexual Men
421 Citations1988Walter E. Stamm
It is suggested that genital ulcerative diseases are an important risk factor for the acquisition of HIV infection in homosexual men; measures directed at control of these diseases may reduce the transmission of HIV in this population.
American Journal of Public HealthHIV prevention: the need for methods women can use.
381 Citations1990Zena Stein
Greater emphasis is urged for research on preventive methods women could use, including the possibility of a topical virucide that might block transmission through the vaginal route.
JAMAPrior Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection as a Risk Factor for HIV Infection
361 Citations1988Scott D. Holmberg
Serologic studies do not support the role of CMV, EBV, or HSV-1 in HIV infection but do suggest that HSv-2 infection is a risk factor for subsequent or concurrent HIV infection.
The LancetINACTIVATION OF HTLV-III/LAV-INFECTED CULTURES OF NORMAL HUMAN LYMPHOCYTES BY NONOXYNOL-9 IN VITRO
337 Citations1985DonaldR. Hicks, LindaS. Martin +6 more
In vitro inactivation of human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV) by nonoxynol-9 a nonionic surfactant seems to inactivate HTLV- III in vitro while 1% or more reduces live counts of the target lymphocytes.
JAMAInterpretation and Use of the Western Blot Assay for Serodiagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infections
333 Citations1989Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
Sexually Transmitted DiseasesThe Effects of Frequent Nonoxynol-9 Use on the Vaginal and Cervical Mucosa
205 Citations1991Somchai Niruthisard, Ronald E. Roddy +1 more
This preliminary study indicates that a phase II study to examine the local toxicity of different use schedules is needed to provide further safety information about the use of N-9.
JAMAEscherichia coli Bacteriuria and Contraceptive Method
169 Citations1991Thomas M. Hooton
It is concluded that use of the diaphragm with spermicidal jelly or use of a spericidal foam with a condom markedly alters normal vaginal flora and strongly predisposes users to the development of vaginal colonization and bacteriuria with E coli.
The Journal of Infectious DiseasesA Clinical Trial of Nonoxynol-9 for Preventing Gonococcal and Chlamydial Infections
137 Citations1988William C. Louv, Harland Austin +3 more
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the spermicidal agent nonoxynol-9 as prophylaxis for cervical infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
The LancetEPIDEMIOLOGY OF OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM IN KENYA
133 Citations1986Marie Laga, H Nzanze +12 more
Ocular prophylaxis at birth for gonococcal ophthalmia should be reintroduced in women screened for Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis during labour and 7 and 28 days postpartum.
JAMAEffect of the Contraceptive Sponge on Chlamydial Infection, Gonorrhea, and Candidiasis
106 Citations1987M. J. Rosenberg
The results suggest that women using the sponge are protected against the two most common sexually transmitted pathogens, which are also those with the most serious health consequences, however, women use the sponge should be advised they may have an increased likelihood of a vaginal infection with Candida.
ContraceptionMineral oil lubricants cause rapid deterioration of latex condoms
97 Citations1989Bruce Voeller, Anne H. Coulson +2 more
Exposure to mineral oil, a common component of hand lotions and other lubricants used during sexual intercourse, caused approximately 90% decrease in the strength of the condoms, as measured by their burst volumes in the standard ISO Air Burst Test.
AIDSThe use of spermicide containing nonoxynol-9 in the prevention of HIV infection
67 Citations1991Kristina D. Bird
In the recent past, published information about AIDS in the US and UK promoted use of condoms lubricated with nonoxynol 9, but did not tell users about the possible adverse effects and its potential benefits in HIV prevention cannot yet be determined.
The LancetIN VITRO INACTIVATION OF HIV-1 BY CONTRACEPTIVE SPONGE CONTAINING NONOXYNOL-9
64 Citations1988Bruce Polsky, PennyA. Baron +4 more
An in vitro analysis of nonoxynol-9 eluates delivered by the Today contraceptive sponge suggests that this agent effectively inactivates high concentrations of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 at titers far below those found in vaginal fluid.
PubMedCondoms--now more than ever.
51 Citations1990L Liskin, Chris Wharton +1 more
The public health community is faced with closing the gap between use and need and some of the many ways to increase condom use involve policy makers who should eliminate all barriers to import or manufacture of condoms government agencies which should provide condoms free of charge to those who cannot afford them and the communication industry which should eliminate restrictions on condom advertising.
NatureDangers of lubricants used with condoms
45 Citations1988Nicholas J. White, KAREN TAYLOR +3 more
Fertility and SterilityStudies of Nonoxynol-9. I. the Effect on the Vaginas of Rabbits and Rats
33 Citations1980Miloš Chvapil, William Droegemueller +3 more
Both morphologic and chemical changes in the vagina are compatible with the inflammatory reaction induced by the detergent tested, resulting in an increase in semiquantitative score for the inflammatory changes in aqueous N-9.
