Performance of six influenza rapid tests in detecting human influenza in clinical specimens
Journal of Clinical VirologyPublished 24 April 2007
Aeron C. Hurt, Robert Alexander, Jan Hibbert, N. Deed, Ian Barr
Citations241
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.19
SNIP0.90
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
A head-to-head comparison for the detection of seasonal influenza types A and B, compared to laboratory-based tests found sensitivity was considerably lower than that seen for influenza A, although the number of specimens containing influenza B viruses was low.
Abstract
Compared with cell culture, five of the rapid tests (Binax Now Influenza A&B, Directigen EZ Flu A+B, Denka Seiken Quick Ex-Flu, Fujirebio Espline Influenza A&B-N, and Quidel QuickVue Influenza A+B Test) demonstrated a similar influenza A sensitivity of between 67-71% and a specificity of 99-100%, however one rapid test (Rockeby Influenza A Antigen Test) had a significantly lower influenza A sensitivity of only 10% (specificity was 100%). For the five kits that detected influenza B antigen, sensitivity was considerably lower than that seen for influenza A (sensitivity for all the kits was 30%), although the number of specimens containing influenza B viruses was low.
Keywords
Medicine
PEDIATRICSImpact of the Rapid Diagnosis of Influenza on Physician Decision-Making and Patient Management in the Pediatric Emergency Department: Results of a Randomized, Prospective, Controlled Trial
397 Citations2003Aleta B. Bonner, Kathy Monroe +3 more
Physician awareness of a rapid diagnosis of influenza in the pediatric emergency department significantly reduced the number of laboratory tests and radiographs ordered and their associated charges, decreased antibiotic use, increased antiviral use, and decreased length of time to discharge.
The Journal of Infectious DiseasesPatterns of Shedding of Myxoviruses and Paramyxoviruses in Children
249 Citations1981Arthur L. Frank, Larry H. Taber +4 more
In the Houston Family Study, young children were cultured for virus weekly or biweekly and during acute respiratory illnesses and the interval between the onset of illness and positive culture was examined for 179 infections during 1975-1979.
Journal of Clinical MicrobiologyComparison of the Directigen Flu A+B Test, the QuickVue Influenza Test, and Clinical Case Definition to Viral Culture and Reverse Transcription-PCR for Rapid Diagnosis of Influenza Virus Infection
186 Citations2003Annie Ruest, Sophie Michaud +2 more
The study suggests that the poor specificity and the poor positive predictive value of the clinical case definition of influenza preclude its use for prediction of influenza virus infections during epidemics, especially when infection control decision making in the hospital setting is considered.
Journal of Clinical MicrobiologyEvaluation of the Directigen FluA+B Test for Rapid Diagnosis of Influenza Virus Type A and B Infections
122 Citations2002Kwok Hung Chan, N. Maldeis +7 more
The Directigen FluA+B test detected a range of human and animal influenza virus A subtypes, including the H5N1 and H9N2 viruses that recently caused human disease in Hong Kong.
The Pediatric Infectious Disease JournalEvaluation of diagnostic tests for influenza in a pediatric practice
113 Citations2002William J. Rodríguez, Richard H. Schwartz +1 more
In this first head-to-head comparison of four rapid diagnostic tests for influenza, Directigen Flu A, Quickvue and Flu OIA appear equivalent in sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.
Current Opinion in PediatricsRapid diagnostic tests for influenza
106 Citations2003Gregory A. Storch
Each of the seven rapid tests for influenza offers the promise of making rapid influenza diagnosis much more widely available than in the past, when rapid diagnosis could be made only by fluorescent antibody staining, a demanding technique available only in advanced laboratories.
Journal of Virological MethodsInfluenza virus types and subtypes detection by single step single tube multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and agarose gel electrophoresis
102 Citations2002Saibal K. Poddar
Influenza virus type and subtype specific primers were selected for use in reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the sensitivities for types and subtypes specific bands were 0.01-0.1 TCID in the tested volume.
Clinical and Vaccine ImmunologyEvaluation of Three Immunoassay Kits for Rapid Detection of Influenza Virus A and B
88 Citations2005Adriana Weinberg, Miranda Walker
Overall, NOW provided the most accurate diagnoses and had user-friendly technical characteristics, however, the low overall sensitivity of the RIIAs indicates that these can be used as screening tools only.
Journal of Clinical VirologyComparative analytical sensitivities of six rapid influenza A antigen detection test kits for detection of influenza A subtypes H1N1, H3N2 and H5N1
74 Citations2006Kwok Hung Chan, S. Y. Lam +8 more
Each test kit detected the H5N1 virus subtypes as efficiently as they detected conventional human viruses of subtypes H1N1 or H3N2, however, limits of detection of influenza viruses of all subtypes by antigen detection kits were >1000-fold lower than virus isolation.
Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious DiseaseComparison of the NOW Influenza A & B, NOW Flu A, NOW Flu B, and Directigen Flu A+B assays, and immunofluorescence with viral culture for the detection of influenza A and B viruses
71 Citations2006Marita Smit, Kirsten A. Beynon +2 more
The Binax NOW Influenza A & B assay performed as well as other rapid assays, and the sensitivities for all rapid tests were significantly higher for nasopharyngeal samples than for throat swabs.
Avian DiseasesRapid Detection of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Virus by TaqMan Reverse Transcriptase–Polymerase Chain Reaction
70 Citations2007Hans G. Heine, L. Trinidad +2 more
TaqMan reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assays for rapid detection of all AI viruses (influenza type A) and for identification of H5N1 of the Eurasian lineage allow definitive confirmation of an AI virus as H5 within hours, which is crucial for rapid implementation of control measures in the event of an outbreak.
Journal of Clinical MicrobiologyComparison of the Directigen Flu A+B Membrane Enzyme Immunoassay with Viral Culture for Rapid Detection of Influenza A and B Viruses in Respiratory Specimens
58 Citations2004Andreea C. Cazacu, Soo-Young Chung +2 more
The test's overall sensitivity was lower than previously reported but similar, but specificity, 99.74%, was excellent for both influenza A and B viruses, making this test a very good confirmatory test when clinical suspicion is high, but a less accurate screening test for large populations.
Journal of Clinical VirologyComparison of Binax NOW and Directigen for rapid detection of influenza A and B
51 Citations2004Marie L. Landry, Sandra Cohen +1 more
Directigen Flu A + B and Binax NOW Flu A and Flu B tests detected 33 (55.9%) and 31 (52.5%) of 59 influenza-positive samples, respectively, in children under 2 years of age, sensitivity increased to 75% for both tests.
Journal of Clinical MicrobiologyComparison of the Denka-Seiken INFLU A·B-Quick and BD Directigen Flu A+B Kits with Direct Fluorescent-Antibody Staining and Shell Vial Culture Methods for Rapid Detection of Influenza Viruses
44 Citations2003James J. Dunn, Chris Gordon +2 more
The INFLU A·B-Quick and Directigen Flu A+B enzyme immunoassays were compared with direct immunofluorescence and cell culture for detection of influenza A and B viruses in a total of 255 patient specimens.
Kansenshogaku zasshiEvaluation of an Immunochromatography Test Using Enzyme Immunoassay for Rapid Detection of Influenza A and B Viruses
21 Citations2004Keiko Mitamura, Masahiko Yamazaki +9 more
The new Espline Influenza A&B-N rapid diagnostic test is easy to use and has a high sensitivity and specificity, especially for influenza A.
Communicable Diseases IntelligenceComparison of a rapid test for influenza with laboratory-based diagnosis in a paediatric population
19 Citations2005Robert Alexander, Aeron C. Hurt +4 more
Kansenshogaku zasshiComparison of Four Rapid Diagnostic Kits Using Immunochromatography to Detect Influenza B Viruses
16 Citations2005Michimaru Hara, Shinichi Takao +4 more
All kits were less sensitive to influenza B virus than to influenza A virus, however, and the specificity of Quick Vue and Capilia was low; so these kits must be improved.
Journal of Virological Methods‘RETCIF’: a rapid, sensitive method for detection of viruses, applicable for large numbers of clinical samples
16 Citations2001Robert Alexander, D Lamb +7 more
The RETCIF method is a time and cost-saving procedure, with higher isolation rates than the shell vial method, and uses specific cell lines in a 96-well microtitre plate and monoclonal antibodies.