From early intervention in psychosis to youth mental health reform: a review of the evolution and transformation of mental health services for young people
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric EpidemiologyPublished 19 December 2015
Ashok Malla, Srividya N. Iyer, Patrick D. McGorry, Mary Cannon, Helen Coughlan, Swaran P. Singh
Citations192
SJR quartileQ1
SJR score1.89
SNIP1.72
Generate an AI Snapshot to get a quick, structured summary of this paper.
Study Snapshot
ObjectiveStudy objective
MethodsResearch methodology
PopulationPopulation studied
Sample sizeSample sizes
OutcomesStudy outcomes here
ResultsStudy results comes here
LimitationsResearch study limitations comes here
A concise AI-generated summary of the paper will appear here once you click Generate AI Snapshot.
TL;DR
Evidence that several countries are now engaged in transformation of youth mental health services and in evaluation of these initiatives is reported, showing progress in the field of early intervention in psychotic disorders, research in deficiencies in the current system and social advocacy.
Abstract
There is evidence that several countries are now engaged in transformation of youth mental health services and in evaluation of these initiatives.
Keywords
PsychologyHealth Professions
Archives of General PsychiatryLifetime Prevalence and Age-of-Onset Distributions of DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
20,497 Citations2005Ronald C. Kessler, Patricia A. Berglund +4 more
Lifetime prevalence estimates are higher in recent cohorts than in earlier cohorts and have fairly stable intercohort differences across the life course that vary in substantively plausible ways among sociodemographic subgroups.
Archives of General PsychiatryFailure and Delay in Initial Treatment Contact After First Onset of Mental Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
1,330 Citations2005Philip S. Wang, Patricia A. Berglund +4 more
Failure to make initial treatment contact and delay among those who eventually make treatment contact are both associated with early age of onset, being in an older cohort, and a number of socio-demographic characteristics (male, married, poorly educated, racial/ethnic minority).
Schizophrenia BulletinThe Prodromal Phase of First-episode Psychosis: Past and Current Conceptualizations
1,154 Citations1996Alison R. Yung, Patrick D. McGorry
This article proposes an alternative model for conceptualizing prodromal changes (the hybrid/interactive model) and discusses the different ways to view this phase of first-episode psychosis.
Australian & New Zealand Journal of PsychiatryClinical Staging of Psychiatric Disorders: A Heuristic Framework for Choosing Earlier, Safer and more Effective Interventions
872 Citations2006Patrick D. McGorry, Ian B. Hickie +3 more
Clinical staging with a restructure across and within diagnostic boundaries with the explicit operationalization of criteria for extent and progression of disorder should be actively explored in psychiatry as a heuristic strategy for the development and evaluation of earlier, safer, and more effective clinical interventions, and for clarifying the biological basis of psychiatric disorders.
Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry2007 National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing: Methods and Key Findings
846 Citations2009Tim Slade, Amy Johnston +3 more
Mental disorders are common in Australia, and many people have more than one class of mental disorder, yet many people with mental disorders do not seek help for their mental health problems.
European NeuropsychopharmacologySize of burden of schizophrenia and psychotic disorders
741 Citations2005Wulf Rössler, Hans Joachim Salize +2 more
The treatment goals for the moment are to identify the illness as early as possible, treat the symptoms, provide skills to patients and their families, maintain the improvement over a period of time, prevent relapses and reintegrate the ill persons into the community so that they can lead as normal a life as possible.
BMJThe Lambeth Early Onset (LEO) Team: randomised controlled trial of the effectiveness of specialised care for early psychosis
625 Citations2004Tom Craig, Philippa Garety +5 more
Limited evidence shows that a team delivering specialised care for patients with early psychosis is superior to standard care for maintaining contact with professionals and for reducing readmissions to hospital.
World PsychiatryEarly intervention in psychosis: concepts, evidence and future directions
558 Citations2008Patrick D. McGorry, Eóin Killackey +1 more
A broader focus for early intervention would solve many of the second order issues raised by the early psychosis reform process, such as diagnostic uncertainty despite a clear-cut need for care, stigma and engagement, and should be more effective in mobilizing community support.
The British Journal of PsychiatryDesigning youth mental health services for the 21st century: examples from Australia, Ireland and the UK
530 Citations2013Patrick D. McGorry, Tony Bates +1 more
Three recent and rapidly evolving service structures from Australia, Ireland and the UK are presented that have each worked within their respective healthcare contexts to reorient existing services to provide youth-specific, evidence-based mental healthcare that is both accessible and acceptable to young people.
Archives of General PsychiatryFive-Year Follow-up of a Randomized Multicenter Trial of Intensive Early Intervention vs Standard Treatment for Patients With a First Episode of Psychotic Illness
449 Citations2008Mette Bertelsen, Pia Jeppesen +8 more
The intensive early-intervention program improved clinical outcome after 2 years, but the effects were not sustainable up to 5 years later.
Annual Review of Public HealthWords Without Action? The Production, Dissemination, and Impact of Consensus Recommendations
305 Citations1991Jonathan Lomas
The review describes the decision points in the production process for consensus recommendations as a start on the development of a set of recognized standards, and offers a critical appraisal of the various methodological choices available at each decision point.
Annual Review of Public HealthWords Without Action? The Production, Dissemination, And Impact Of Consensus Recommendations
275 Citations1991J Lomas
The Medical Journal of Australiaheadspace: Australia's National Youth Mental Health Foundation — where young minds come first
265 Citations2007Patrick D. McGorry, Chris Tanti +5 more
Headspace aims to improve access, and service cohesion and quality, and ultimately health and social outcomes, for young people aged 12–25 years experiencing mental illness and related substance use problems.
The Medical Journal of Australiaheadspace — Australia's innovation in youth mental health: who are the clients and why are they presenting?
204 Citations2014Debra Rickwood, Nic Telford +3 more
The first national profile of the characteristics of young people accessing headspace centre services is provided to investigate whether headspace is providing early service access for adolescents and young adults with emerging mental health problems.
Research in Nursing & HealthPursuing common agendas: A collaborative model for knowledge translation between research and practice in clinical settings
191 Citations2008Jennifer Baumbusch, Sheryl Reimer‐Kirkham +5 more
The participatory approach to knowledge translation developed during an ongoing program of research concerning equitable care for diverse populations and at the core of this approach is a collaborative relationship between researchers and practitioners, which underpins the knowledge translation cycle, and occurs simultaneously with data collection/analysis/synthesis.
The Medical Journal of AustraliaThe specialist youth mental health model: strengthening the weakest link in the public mental health system
191 Citations2007Patrick D. McGorry
The specialist mental health service level should be complemented by youth‐specific specialistmental health services for young people, aged 12–25 years, which would strengthen the existing system with a better targeted stream of care, providing access to integrated mental health, substance use, and vocational‐recovery services.
The British Journal of PsychiatryTransfers and transitions between child and adult mental health services
164 Citations2013Moli Paul, Tamsin Ford +4 more
A retrospective case-note survey of young people reaching the upper age boundary at six English CAMHS found transfer was common but good transition rare, and transfer should be investigated alongside transition in research and service development.
BMJLost in transition? Between paediatric and adult services
156 Citations2006J. E. R. McDonagh, Russell Viner
It's time to improve the transition of adolescents from paediatric to adult services, according to a report published in the British Medical Journal.
BMC Health Services ResearchTransitions of Care from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services to Adult Mental Health Services (TRACK Study): A study of protocols in Greater London
147 Citations2008Swaran P. Singh, Moli Paul +3 more
Findings from a survey of transition protocols in Greater London suggest there is discontinuity of care provision for some patients who 'graduate' from CAMHS services but are not accepted by adult services.
The Canadian Journal of PsychiatryFirst-Episode Psychosis, Early Intervention, and Outcome: What Have We Learned?
131 Citations2005Ashok Malla, Ross Norman +1 more
The field of early intervention in psychosis is young, with encouraging preliminary results, especially for improving outcome in established FEP, but requires further study, especially of longer-term outcome.
Journal of Environmental ManagementMy world survey: national study of youth mental health in Ireland.
129 Citations2012Barbara Dooley, Amanda Fitzgerald
The MWS had two broad aims: to extend the age distribution up to 25 years, and to consider protective factors in conjunction with risk factors, and this is the first national study of youth mental health in Ireland from age 12-25 years.
The Canadian Journal of PsychiatryMental Health Service Use among Adolescents and Young Adults with Major Depressive Disorder and Suicidality
123 Citations2007Amy Cheung, Carolyn S. Dewa
Examination of service use rates in young Canadians with depression and suicidality and the influence of sex on the types of service provider chosen found female adolescents and young adults were more likely to receive services from nonspecialty mental health providers.
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric EpidemiologyDeterminants of negative pathways to care and their impact on service disengagement in first-episode psychosis
122 Citations2012Kelly K. Anderson, Rebecca Fuhrer +2 more
Primary care providers may be an efficacious target for interventions aimed at reducing overall treatment delay and increasing the uptake of primary care services may also reduce the likelihood of negative pathways to care.
Psychiatric Rehabilitation JournalTransition experiences of mental health service users, parents, and professionals in the United Kingdom: A qualitative study.
112 Citations2012Kimberly Hovish, Tim Weaver +3 more
Service user experiences are more likely to be positive if healthcare transition is a gradual process, tailored to the young person's needs and managed in the context of the other simultaneous practical, developmental and psychosocial transitions.
Pediatric Clinics of North AmericaTransitioning care of the pediatric recipient to adult caregivers
91 Citations2003J. E. R. McDonagh, Déirdre Kelly
The key elements of transition for pediatric recipients are discussed, and the importance of a coordinated, structured, multidisciplinary approach involving the adolescents themselves is highlighted.
Australasian PsychiatryAt the heart of an early psychosis centre: the core components of the 2014 Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre model for Australian communities
91 Citations2014Frank Hughes, Heather Stavely +4 more
The core components of the Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre service model are described as the template agreed with the Australian Federal Government for national upscaling.
Irish Journal of Psychological MedicineDescription and outcome evaluation of <i>Jigsaw</i>: an emergent Irish mental health early intervention programme for young people
81 Citations2015Lynsey O’Keeffe, Aileen O’Reilly +3 more
Emerging evidence is provided that Jigsaw is an accessible and effective service which plays a key role in the continuum of mental health care for young people in Ireland.
Irish Journal of Psychological MedicineTransforming youth mental health: a Canadian perspective
59 Citations2015Srividya N. Iyer, Patricia Boksa +7 more
ACCESS will execute a youth mental healthcare transformation via early detection, rapid access and appropriate, high-quality care via an innovative, mixed-methods service research component.
The Canadian Journal of PsychiatryBenefits of Enriched Intervention Compared with Standard Care for Patients with Recent-Onset Psychosis: A Metaanalytic Approach
59 Citations2007Philippe‐Olivier Harvey, Martín Lepage +1 more
There is now quantitative evidence across multiple studies and sites to indicate that EIs for patients with recent-onset psychosis are significantly more effective than SC for symptomatic and functional improvement over a period of about 1 year.
PubMedIntegrated knowledge translation in mental health: family help as an example.
53 Citations2009Patrick J. McGrath, Patricia Lingley‐Pottie +3 more
Integrated KT in the early phases of research has significant advantages when the purpose is inclusion of key stakeholders' knowledge to yield an effective product and facilitate uptake into clinical practice.
Irish Journal of Psychological MedicineYouth services: meeting the mental health needs of adolescents
45 Citations2014Nora S. Vyas, Max Birchwood +1 more
Issues with transition of care between CAMHS-AMHS service, and effectiveness of early intervention services are identified, and avenues for change to implement the early intervention model across youth mental health are discussed.
Journal of AdolescencePrevalence of DSM‐IV mental disorders, deliberate self‐harm and suicidal ideation in early adolescence: An Irish population‐based study
35 Citations2013Helen Coughlan, Lauren Tiedt +6 more
Findings from this study reveal that Irish adolescents aged 11-13 years are experiencing high levels of mental ill-health.
OPAL (Open@LaTrobe) (La Trobe University)The Mental Health of Young People in Ireland: A report of the Psychiatric Epidemology Research across the Lifespan (PERL) Group
33 Citations2019Mary Cannon, Helen Coughlan +3 more
This report provides data on the prevalence rates of mental disorder, substance use, deliberate self-harm and suicidality among young Irish people aged 11-24 years.
Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric EpidemiologyA controlled evaluation of a targeted early case detection intervention for reducing delay in treatment of first episode psychosis
29 Citations2014Ashok Malla, Gerald Jordan +8 more
Paediatrics & Child HealthChild and youth mental health: Integrated health care using contemporary competency-based teams
29 Citations2009Stan Kutcher, Simon Davidson +1 more
Irish Journal of Psychological MedicinePrevalence of Mental Disorder among young adults in Ireland: a population based study
12 Citations2015Michelle Harley, Dearbhla Connor +6 more
Lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorder and substance use were high in this sample of young Irish adults and mental Health service provision for this age group is a priority.
