Differences in Ability of Musicians and Nonmusicians to Judge Emotional State from the Fundamental Frequency of Voice Samples

Abstract

One hundred and twelve listeners evaluated voice recordings containing fundamental frequency contours of patients during mental depression and following recovery. In 80% of the ratings the listeners were able to determine whether or not the recording was made during the depressive phase. A group of conservatory students made significantly fewer errors than a group of law students. No significant difference was found between male and female listeners.